The Actiflo The Actiflo ® ® Process Process Introduction to - a compact solution for treatment of drinking water, process water and wastewater
The ActifloThe Actiflo®® Process Process
Introduction to
- a compact solution for treatment of drinking water, process water and
wastewater
Actiflo®
• Actiflo® is a combination of:
- Chemical precipitation
- Micro-sand enhanced flocculation
- Lamella sedimentation
Actiflo® - the Principle
Primary particles
Coagulant
Water
Micro-sand Polymer
Floc
Actiflo® - Floc
150 m
Actiflo® - Consumables
• Coagulant
– Aluminium based
– Iron based
• Flocculant
– Organic polymer
– Anionic, non-ionic or cationic
• Micro-sand– Ordinary silica sand
– Effective size ~120 m
• Electricity
Treatedwater
Lamellasedimentation
Maturation
Polymer
InjectionCoagulation
Coagulant
Water
Micro-sand
Sludge
Hydrocyclone
M M M M
The Actiflo® Process
Actiflo® - Design Criteria
Drinking water Wastewater
Retention time:
Coagulation 2 min. 1 min.
Injection 2 min. 1 min.
Maturation 6 min. 2 min.
Overflow rate: 40 - 60 m/h 80 - 120 m/h
Actiflo®
Special ComponentsSpecial Components
• Scrapes the micro-sand and sludge to the centre of the lamella settler
Actiflo® - Sand Scraper
• Transports the micro-sand and sludge from the lamella settler to the hydrocyclone
Actiflo® - Recirculation Line
• Sand pump
– Centrifugal pump with rubber lining
– Controlled flow proportional to inlet (approx. 4-6%)
• Piping
– Made of PE (poly-ethylene)
Actiflo® - Hydrocyclone
• Separates the micro-sand and the sludge by means of the centrifugal force
Sludge
Micro-sandand sludge
Micro-sand
Actiflo® - Lamellas
• Short distance of sedimentation
• Laminar upflow
• Made of plastic
Actiflo® - Dosing of Reagents
• Coagulant
– Dosed directly by pumps
• Micro-sand
– Dosed directly
• Polymer
– Matured in a preparation unit
Actiflo®
CharacteristicsCharacteristics
Actiflo® - Characteristics
• High treatment efficiency
• Efficient use of chemicals
• Compact system
• Short start-up time
• Stable process
• Versatility
High Treatment Efficiency
Wastewater Recipient water
Drinking water
CSO Primary Tertiary
Suspended solids 80-98% 75-90% 50-80% 70-90% -
COD 65-90% 55-80% 20-50% 55-70% -
Total phosphorus 50-95% 50-95% 50-95% 50-90% -
Orthophosphate 50-98% 50-98% 50-98% 50-98% -
Turbidity - - - - < 99.9%
Electricity
Sand
Flocculant
Coagulant
Efficient Use of Chemicals
Price (EUR)
Coagulant 10 g Fe/m3 1.30 cent/m3
Flocculant 1.0 g/m3 0.40 cent/m3
Sand 4 g/m3 0.03 cent/m3
Electricity 30 Wh/m3 0.20 cent/m3
Total 1.93 cent/m3
Compact System
Conventional(2 m/h)
Lamella type
(20 m/h)
Actiflo ®
Short Start-up Time
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 5 10 15 20
Time, min.
SS
, mg
/l
Inlet
Outlet
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Time
SS
, mg
/l
Stable Process
Inlet
Outlet
Krüger’s Package Plants
Actifloc™ Actiflo®
(One line) (One line)
Model m3/h Model m3/h Model m3/h
AFP1 40 APW1 40 APWW1 80
AFP2 80 APW2 80 APWW2 160
AFP3 160 APW3 160 APWW3 320
AFP4 320 APW4 320 APWW 640
APW: Drinking water and process water type, APWW: wastewater type
Applications
• Drinking water– Surface water
– Ground water
– Wash water from filters
• Wastewater– Primary
– Tertiary
– By-pass
• Industry– Process water
• Drinking water– More than 170 installations
– Smallest plant: 25 m3/h (Pakua Shipu, Canada)
– Biggest plant: 40,000 m3/h (Selangor, Malaysia)
Actiflo® - Installations
• Wastewater– More than 70 installations
– Smallest plant: 60 m3/h (Toyobo, Japan)
– Biggest plant: 110,000 m3/h (Acheres, France)
• Industry– More than 50 installations
InvestigationsInvestigations
Actiflo®
• JAR-tests
– Performed in laboratory
– Indication of efficiency
Actiflo® - Investigations
Actiflo® - Investigations
• Pilot studies
– Performed on-site
– Process optimisation
– Necessary dosing
– Efficiency
– More than 40 studies
performed by KrügerCapacity :
30-120 m3/h
Actiflo® - Pilot Studies
Drinking water
Wastewater
Selected Pilot StudiesSelected Pilot Studies
Actiflo®
Jaslo, PolandDrinking water
Jaslo, PolandDrinking water
Dosages Coagulant: 1.0 mg Al/l Polymer: 0.30 mg/l
Influent Effluent Removal
Turbidity
Suspended solids
Colour
COD
Aluminium
4-730 NTU
4-834 mg/l
18-45 mg/l
5.4-31.1 mg/l
0 mg/l
0.22-2.8 NTU
0-1 mg/l
1-5 mg/l
2.0-2.7 mg/l
0.05 mg/l
96-99%
99-100%
89-94%
61-93%
ZWA – Brauchwasserwerk Kriebethal, GermanyProcess water
ZWA – Brauchwasserwerk Kriebethal, GermanyProcess water
Dosages Coagulant: 1.0 mg Al/l Polymer: 0.30 mg/l
Influent Effluent Removal
Turbidity
COD
Suspended solids
41-110 NTU
24-87 mg/l
110-310 mg/l
0.7-1.0 NTU
7-9 mg/l
5-15 mg/l
97-99%
70-89%
95%
Karlskoga, SwedenCSO
Dosages Coagulant: 20.0-35.0 mg Fe/l Polymer: 1.00-1.25 mg/l
Influent Effluent Removal
Suspended solids
COD
BOD7
Total P
Ortho P
Total N
100-1,600 mg/l
200-500 mg/l
110-330 mg/l
4-10 mg/l
2-4 mg/l
40-50 mg/l
5-20 mg/l
50-120 mg/l
25-60 mg/l
0.1-0.5 mg/l
0.05-0.25 mg/l
35-40 mg/l
90-99%
60-80%
75-85%
90-99%
90-98%
15-20%
Karlskoga, SwedenCSO
Berliner Wasserbetriebe, WasserwerkFriedrichshagen, Germany
Filter backwash water
Dosages Coagulant: 6.0-10.0 mg Fe/l Polymer: 0.25-0.30 mg/l
Influent Effluent Removal
Turbidity
Suspended solids
Mn
Fe
168-660 NTU
100-190 mg/l
2.1-5.1 mg/l
30-74 mg/l
0.7-2.5 NTU
0.4-3.1 mg/l
0.1-0.17 mg/l
0.32-0.64 mg/l
99%
97-99%
96-99%
99%
Berliner Wasserbetriebe, WasserwerkFriedrichshagen, Germany
Filter backwash water
Kalmar, SwedenWastewater, tertiary
Kalmar, SwedenWastewater, tertiary
Dosages Coagulant: 2.0 – 4.0 mg Al/l Polymer: 0.70 mg/l
Influent Effluent Removal
Suspended solids
Total phosphorus
Orthophosphate
2-6 mg/l
0.6-1.6 mg P/l
0.4-1.5 mg P/l
2-4 mg/l
0.1-0.2 mg/l
0.03-0.10 mg P/l
0-50%
80-90%
90-95%
Selected Full-scale InstallationsSelected Full-scale Installations
Actiflo®
GELITA Sweden ABProcess water
• Capacity: 320 m3/h
• Contract signed in June 2004
• Package plant in one line
• Start-up in January 2005
Dosages Coagulant: 5.0 mg Al/l Polymer: 0.20 mg/l
Influent Effluent Removal
Turbidity
COD-Mn
Total colour
Filt. colour
5-11 NTU
11 mg/l
100-150 mg Pt/l
100 mg Pt/l
0.3-0.4 NTU
2.0 mg/l
2.5-10 mg Pt/l
2.5-5.0 mg Pt/l
90-97%
80%
90-98%
90-97%
GELITA Sweden ABProcess water, 320 m3/h
• Capacity: 250 m3/h
• Contract signed in April 2004
• Package plant in two lines
• Start-up in January 2005
Eslöv, SwedenWastewater
Dosages Coagulant: 40-80 mg Fe/l Polymer: 2.0 mg/l
Influent Effluent Removal
Suspended solids
COD-total
Total-P
N-kj.
240-810 mg/l
1,200-2,500 mg/l
18-22 mg P/l
90-100 mg N/l
40-100 mg/l
400-1,600 mg/l
3-5 mg P/l
20-35 mg N/l
75-95%
25-70%
70-85%
70-80%
Eslöv, SwedenWastewater, 250 m3/h
Bäckhammars Bruk, Kristinehamn, SwedenProcess water, 2.000 m3/h
Bäckhammars Bruk, Kristinehamn, SwedenProcess water, 2.000 m3/h
Process Water
Raw water
7,5 m
31 m
Influent Effluent Reduction
Turbidity
Colour
COD
KMnO4
Temperature
-
140-200 mg Pt/l
45-60 mg/l
80-110 mg/l
1oC
<0,3 FTU
<10 mg Pt/l
10-15 mg/l
20 mg/l
-
-
90-95%
70-80%
70-80%
-
Dosages Coagulant: 6-7 mg Al/l Polymer: 0.3 mg/l
Bäckhammars Bruk, Kristinehamn, SwedenProcess water, 2.000 m3/h
Effluent
Existing lamella separators
5,400 m3/h
27 m
53 m
2,700 m3/h 2,700 m3/h
Actiflo®
6.3 m
Borås, SwedenWastewater, tertiary
Borås, SwedenWastewater, tertiary, 2,700 m3/h
Influent Effluent Removal
Suspended solids
Total phosphorous
Ortho-phosphate
5-50 mg/l
0.7-1.5 mg P/l
0.2-1.0 mg P/l
3-10 mg/l
0.05-0.20 mg P/l
0.01-0.15 mg P/l
40-80%
85-95%
85-95%
Borås, SwedenWastewater, tertiary, 2,700 m3/h
Dosages Coagulant: 6-10 mg Al/l Polymer: 0.7-1.0 mg/l
Borås, SwedenWastewater, tertiary, 2,700 m3/h
Actiflo® Conclusion
• Versatile process
• Some of the advantages are :
– Compact system small foot print low installation costs
– High treatment efficiency superior effluent quality
– Flexible process easy to optimise
– Short start-up time almost no “dead time”
– Stable process handles extreme conditions
– Simple easy to operate
• Well documented efficiency
– More than 300 installations since 1991 (~ 970.000 m3/h)