Acronyms and other Translation aids
Glossary Acronyms and other Terminology Translation
aids9/30/2010 1:02:50 PM Page 1
Haiti Rescue Relief Recovery Documents
Acronyms Glossary and other Translation aids
collected by Al Mac
Alister William Macintyre research notes
11/27/2010
Version 3.4
Acronyms Glossary and other Translation aids
Document naming
This research notes document used to be named Acronyms for Haiti
Relief.
Nov-09 I renamed it Acronyms Glossary for Haiti from Al Mac so
it will show up nicer when I upload to Scribd (previous installment
uploaded June 10-11).
Sep-30 I renamed it Glossary Acronyms Haiti because it will now
be a companion research document to Glossary Housing Haiti which
focuses just on the special terminology associated with:
Earthquake Rubble Debris
Housing Policy
Human Rights Housing
Land Owner Documentation
Secure Land Tenure
Transitional Shelters
Sep-30 action because I am splitting my research notes on above
topics into separate documents, focused on pros & cons of
solutions to different dimensions of Haiti Real Estate mess, where
the new Glossary Housing will be a companion document to the entire
new collection, containing info logically common to all of them. In
the short term, Glossary Housing will have content not yet here in
Glossary Acronyms but eventually anything added there, will also
get copied here. Here will eventually have all the terminology. In
time I may have other specialized glossaries, similar to the
housing one I started, end of September 2010. Given the cholera
epidemic, maybe one needed with focus on medical.
Introduction
Acronyms, Concepts, special Terminology, are defined here, in
alphabetical sequence, to make it easy when we are reading some
document from UN, NGO, or government what the heck is that? Look it
up here.
The version # was started for the convenience of people who may
have an earlier copy of this you go to one of the places where Al
has uploaded this your version was dated July 15, of a certain size
the latest upload you can see how much it has grown, whether worth
you downloading it.
This is a perpetually updated directory of acronyms and related
terminology found in documents on Haiti Humanitarian Relief Aid and
Reconstruction, acquired from many different sources, to help
locate info again when same topic repeats. Sometimes Al falls a bit
behind on keeping some areas current. But as Al sees new examples
of what the heck is that? in these documents, if not too busy,
tracks down the meaning and updates this reference collection.
Collected by Alister Wm Macintyre (Al Mac), Evansville Indiana,
while doing pro bono research support for various volunteers who
want to do something constructive, so we dont have to witness
another disaster like the Jan 12 quake which killed and estimated
350,000 then because of state-of-art of relief, another 35,000 died
while waiting for help.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/HaitiDisasterRecoveryResearch/files/Haiti%20Info%20Navigation/
http://www.linkedin.com/in/almacintyre
http://haitirewired.wired.com/profile/AlisterWmMacintyreAlso on
Facebookhttp://www.google.com/profiles/108007903544513887227
This type of info becomes more and more important as we see
documents from UN and fields of specialty other than our own, where
it is commonplace for us to see unfamiliar acronyms and
terminology, often not explained in context. When using search
engines to locate activity of interest, it really helps to know the
correct name of the relevant NGO, UN or Gov agency.
In the real world, everyone uses acronyms and special technology
within their profession, and most other people in same profession
know what they mean. In Humanitarian rescue relief recovery we have
people from many professions interacting communication, computing,
construction, engineering, governments, medical, military,
science-other, transportation, UN all their acronyms mixed together
it is hard for most anyone to figure out sometimes.
Al Mac intends to add to this collection over time. At some
point may split document into Acronyms only, Glossary only,
Bookmarks only, etc. and may do a specialized topic collection as
companion pieces to certain research focus areas.
Other people have similar efforts. Mentioned on HEAS is the
following:
See Citizen Action Team Relief Database record for CTC/UTX/CRO
(Medical)
AcronymDefinitions:http://www.citizencommandcenter.org/shelters/show/6790
I have seen many variants on what the Reconstruction Commission
will be called. Here is an official list of the members. It
currently has 24 members entitled to vote (12 representatives and
12 representatives Haitian international) and four members from
other sectors without voting.
http://haitirewired.wired.com/profiles/blogs/list-of-representatives-haiti?xg_source=activity
These references are cut & pasted from many sources, merged
alphabetically by acronym, for future reference. The data has come
in helter skelter. Some day Al may have a break, and go do a
scientific review of logical sources, to get this more
comprehensive, but stuff has been pretty hectic since Jan 12 quake.
Some acronyms do not look quite right, because the original
phraseology is in a language other than English, or whatever shown
here, or there are words missing that Al not yet identified.
Also see Internet slang.
http://mashable.com/2010/07/10/internet-slang-acronyms/
3W = UN Who What When Where (not 4W because some people cant
count, or 3W was a standard, added to) AADA UN Audit of
Disaster-Related Aid
Acceptable risk
Level of loss that a society or community considers acceptable,
taking into account existing social, economic, political, cultural,
technical, and environmental conditions. From an engineering
standpoint, acceptable risk is also used to assess structural and
non-structural measures to bring potential damage to a level where
the danger to persons and property can be reduced, using accepted
practice and/or codes based, inter alia, on a probability estimate
and the cost/benefit ratio of these measures.
Accessibility for disabled includes
1. blind, on crutches, wheel chair, elderly, pregnant none
discriminated against
2. build shelter higher than anticipated flood waters
3. build slope for wheel chair etc. that can in fact be
navigated
4. consider visual, hearing, speech, mental and intellectual
impairments
5. emergency exits, but infants not wander off
Accountability is a western culture concept, where money donated
for a particular purpose, ought to be expended for that purpose, in
a wise and efficient manner. Because accountability is not yet part
of most of the non-profit non-governmental organization
humanitarian aid culture, I wrote a blog series on the state of
this art in Haiti Rewired.Part I defined what we mean by
accountability quality standards.
Part II clearly demonstrated the lack of accountability in the
humanitarian aid culture.
Part III which I never completed, addressed the need for donors
to do better due diligence in funding the few charities which do in
fact practice accountability, instead of continuing to support lack
of accountability.
ACE Accumulated Cyclone Energy
ACF Action Contre la Faim (INGO)
ACHR Asian Coalition for Housing Rights
ACT Action by Churches Together International
http://www.actalliance.org/ is an alliance of 100 churches and
church-related organizations that work together in humanitarian
assistance and development.
ACTED Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development (HQ =
Paris France) http://www.acted.org
ADB Asian Development Bank
ADF Americas development Foundation http://www.adfusa.org/
ADH LAutorit pour le Dveloppement dHati
ADMD Asociacin Dominicana de Mitigacin de Desastres (The
Dominican Disaster Relief Association)
ADRA Adventist Development and Relief Agency
http://www.adra.org/site/PageServer
AECID Spanish Agency for International Cooperation
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
AIRPD Australia Indonesia Partnership for Reconstruction and
Development
AJF Youth Association of Fond'Oies
AJK Azad Jammu and Kashmir
ALBA Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas
Alert
Permanent mindset triggered by an announcement or other means of
conveying information (alarm) issued to warn the population and
leaders of an expected event with major implications from a safety
standpoint.
ALNAP = Active Learning Network for Accountability and
Performance in Humanitarian Action
AMIS African Union Mission in Sudan
AMCU Aid Management and Coordination Unit, Ministry of
International Cooperation
AMR Annual Ministerial Reviews
APN Port au Prince Sea Port Authority
APROSIFA Association for the Promotion of Integral Family
Healthcare
ARC American Refugee Committee
http://www.arcrelief.org/site/PageServer?pagename=haiti_media
ARC American Red Cross
ARI Allied Recovery International
ARI Acute respiratory Infections
ARIS Acute respiratory Infection
ARV Anti Retroviral
AssessmentAn evaluation of needs, to help set priorities.
ACAPS Assessment Capacities Project
ACF Action Contre la Faim
ALNAP Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance
in humanitarian action
AWG Assessments Working Group
http://groups.google.com/group/assessmentshaiti
AU African Union
AVSI Associazione Volontari per il Servizio Internationale
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation
BCDE = Electoral Office of Legal Departemental West
BCLC = U.S. Chamber of Commerce's Business Civic Leadership
Center BIM = Building Information Modeling
Biodiversity Biodiversity, or biological diversity, is the
variability among living organisms from all sources including inter
alia terrestrial, marine and aquatic ecosystems and the ecological
complexes of which they are part.
BPM Brigade de la Protection des Mineurs Child Protection
Brigade within Haiti Police
BPRM (U.S.) Bureau for Population, Refugees and Migration
BRR Aceh and Nias Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency
BUGEP Bureau de Gestion du Prscolaire (MoEs Preschool Education
Unit)
Cadastral = Land surveying in the Digital Age.
CAM Community Asset Management
CAMEP. . . . . . . . . . . . Centrale Autonome Mtropolitaine
dEau Potable
CAP = Consolidated Appeal Process: fund raising for
implementation of HAP = Humanitarian Action Plan
Capacity Constraint There is a maximum volume that can move
through safely and correctly, such as cargo on a public road,
through an airport or sea port. We can increase capacity by
improving the facility, or adding a new facility, such as
parachuting supplies in, using military landing craft on coast
where there is no port, land Cessna on public highway.
Capacity to handle disasters
Different ways in which women and men marshal their capacities
and organize themselves to use available resources to cope with the
different adverse effects of a disaster. This entails resource
management, both in times of normalcy and during crises or adverse
situations. In general, building capacity to cope with disasters
makes people more resilient in the face of both natural and
man-made hazards. This has a gender dimension, given that men and
women may have similar or different capacities depending on whether
they can gain access to and use of available resources.
Capacity building
Efforts targeting the development of human skills or the
infrastructure of a society in a given community or organization,
necessary to reduce the level of risk.
CARE Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere
CARICOM Caribbean Community
Carrying Capacity The maximum number of a given organism, or
population, that a particular environment can sustain.
Catastrophe
Similar to disaster, but indicative instead of a situation of
maximum or extreme loss.
CBM Christian Blind Mission
CCAT Cross Cluster Assessment of Trends
CCCM Camp Coordination Camp Management
CCPR = International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm CCTRS = Corail
Cesselesse Temporary Resettlement Site
CDA Capital Development Authority
CDAC Communications with Disaster Affected Communities CDGRD . .
. . . . . . . . . Provincial Committee for Risk and Disaster
Management
CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-only memory
CEB Chief Executives Board of the UN CEP Haitis Provisional
Electoral Council
CEPAL Comisin Econmica para Amrica Latina y el Caribe
CERF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Central Emergency Relief
Fund
CES Centre dEducation Spciale (National NGO for Special
Education)
CFS Child Friendly Spaces or Child Friendly Schools (You would
think a school for children, by definition, should be
child-friendly, however this not the case in Haiti, due to a lack
of standards enforcement, and quake damage. 90% Haiti schools are
private.)
CFSAM Crop and Food Security Assessment Mission
CFU = Colony Forming Unity (faecal coliforms)
CFW Cash for Work
CFSAM crop and food security assessment mission
CHAP = Common Humanitarian Action Plan
CHIC Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Haiti
Cholera See Al Mac research document on Haitis Cholera outbreak
which started 2010 October in the Arbonite River Valley. Of
interest to this Glossary might be the different ways the disease
might suddenly appear in a nation, after being apparently absent
for 40 years, then once it has arrived, there are many ways for it
to spread. You dont catch it by breathing air of an infected
person, or touching them while they are alive, or touching same
objects they touched, you catch it by the infection going into your
mouth. However, the way you touch them, can then mean the bacteria
is on your hands, which you can handle stuff which will later go in
your mouth.
Human Carrier: Typically only 25% of the people, who carry the
bacteria in their gut, even show the symptoms, so someone in a
region of the world, which has the epidemic, might travel to a
region of the world which does not yet have it. If there is poor
sanitation there, the human waste products (toilet # 2) can get
into the food chain to other humans.
Contaminated Water: Food prepared or washed using water which
has the cholera bacteria, will deliver the bacteria to whoever eats
that food. That water could have been contaminated by a carrier or
marine life. If you bathe in contaminated water, and some of it
gets into your mouth, you just caught cholera.
Marine Life: Cholera bacteria is carried in a variety of
plankton and sea food. It can remain dormant for decades, then
bloom in the appropriate climate conditions, like those recently
for Haiti.
Animal Carrier: Farm Animals do not get this disease, but they
carry the bacteria in their gut, so if food is not properly cooked,
all sorts of problems can be communicated.
Insects may carry vibrio cholerae and deposit it on food, water
or other surfaces that humans come in contact with and subsequently
contract cholera, when their living conditions involve poor
sanitation.
Dead Bodies which died of cholera: Someone who has died of
cholera is covered with the vibrio, and anyone touching the body
without adequate knowledge about self protection and good hygiene
is at risk of infection!!!!!
During the last moments of life people in the advanced stages of
this illness are losing bodily fluids from intestinal reflux and
diarrhea. These bodily fluids contain the vibrio and these fluids,
as well as any other moist surface upon which they are found
including the body, are infectious until that body is properly
disinfected and all external orfices to the gastrointestinal system
'plugged' with chlorine saturated rags/sponges. Any one touching or
otherwise handling that body is subject to contamination and
infection.
The clothes, bedding, floors, and all surfaces upon which these
bodily fluids are found are sources of infection!!!Investigation of
several cases during this outbreak including the very first
clinical cases in Lafito, revealed that the victims had not
traveled to or within an area where cholera was being reported,
their only connection was that they had attended a funeral ceremony
for a cholera victim, shortly before becoming infected, and had
laid hands on the body.
CIAT = Gov of Haiti Presidential Executive Secretariat
CIDA Canadian International Development Agency
CILSS Permanent Inter-State Committee for Drought Control in the
Sahel
CIMO = Haiti equivalent of SWAT within National Police
CINs = Cartes didentit nationale = Haiti voter identity
cards
CIOB Chartered Institute of Building
CIRH Commission for the Interim Reconstruction of Haiti
Climate change
The climate of a place or region changes when, over a long
period (generally decades or longer), significant and irreversible
trends are observed from a statistical standpoint that are beyond a
reasonable doubt. Climate change may arise from natural and/or
man-made atmospheric processes that span long periods. It should be
noted that, in the context of the United Nations Convention on
Climate Change, the definition of climate change is narrower, given
that it applies only to changes directly or indirectly attributable
to human activity. In essence, climate change seems to be linked to
an increase in greenhouse gas emissions, although greenhouse gas
emissions occur naturally. As a result, the global temperature
appears to be rising. Information currently available is not enough
to allow for an understanding of the scope of regional and local
effects.
Climate variability
This term refers to all atmospheric processes that are cyclical
in nature and are linked to physiography and hydrometeorology. It
can be described from the standpoint of physics and mathematics. It
pertains to the factors and parameters governing the climate, with
individual cases and differences, hence the reason it is called
climate variability. For example, tropical cyclones (depressions,
storms, hurricanes), as low pressure vortices, vary each season in
terms of their intensity, number, and path. To date, there is no
clear-cut evidence that man is capable of influencing this
phenomenon.
Cluster Approach :- Concept of partnership between UN agencies,
the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement,
international organizations, and NGOs, within a related industry.
Partners work together towards agreed common humanitarian
objectives at global and field level to facilitate inter-agency
complementarily by maximizing resources.
Twelve Clusters are: Emergency Shelter and Non-Food Items, Camp
Coordination and Camp Management, Education, Food, Logistics,
Nutrition, Protection, Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH),
Agriculture, Early Recovery, Emergency Telecommunications, and
Health.
Many of the clusters have sub-cluster further
specialization.
Decentralized cluster mechanisms cover regions outside of
Port-au-Prince.
Logistics/Telecommunications, Health, Emergency Shelter, WASH,
and Nutrition clusters are active in the Dominican Republic.
From time to time some clusters are merged, or proposed to
merge, within some disaster, such as: Shelter & non-food items;
Agriculture & Nutrition.
When unique circumstances warrant, such as severe weather, the
cholera epidemic, new clusters are formed to deal with those
circumstances.
CMAM Community Management of Acute Malnutrition
CMO Camp Management Operations
CMU Carnegie Mellon Univ
CNGRD. . . . . . . . . . . National Committee for Risk and
Disaster Management
CNIGS National GIS cartography, including department level
CNSA Commission Nationale sur la Scurit Alimentaire (National
Commission on Food Security)
COFCOR Permanent Committee of Foreign Ministers
Complicated sounds to an American audience like someone being
slippery or evasive or talking down to the simple, genuine, honest
people who just want a straight answer, even when it really is
complicated. The real world is complicated. It always has been.
Politics are complicated, as are issues of race; ethnicity;
culture; religion; and humanitarian aid work.
CONANI Dominican republic National Child Protection
Authority
Consultation An exchange of information, comments, ideas and
suggestions.
Consultation outputs are considered as inputs for
decision-making; they should be taken into account, but need not
determine decisions.
CoPs Communities of Practice
COU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Centre for Emergency
Operations
COVs = (Haiti Voting) Centres des oprations de vrification
CP Child Protection
CP Contingency Plan
CPA Crime Pattern Analysis
CPC Climate Prediction Center
CPI consumer price index
CPIO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comit Permanent Inter
Organisations (French abbreviation for the IASC)
CRC = UNICEF Convention on Rights of the Child
http://www.unicef.org/crc/
CRED Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters
CRO = A center of oral rehydration: with staff non-medical in a
neighborhood or camp: made the rehydrating oral and
decontamination. Need for staff minimum 3 persons, including one
for ensuring decontamination. Need to organize the home visit of
the sick and the IEC to the community.
CRS Catholic Relief Services http://crs.org/haiti/
CRWRC Christian Reformed Church World Relief
http://crwrc.org
CSC Coordination Support Committee
CSCCA = Superior Court of Auditors and Administrative
Disputes
CSI Coping Strategy Index, eg. Food security, waterproof
shelter, police protection that works
CSTD = UN Commission on Science and Technology for
Development
CT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Technical Committee of the
International Community
CTC = Center for the Treatment of Cholera: a center set up for
the treatment of cholera with a staff recruited for this 40 to 300
beds which receives the sick suspects of cholera. In the case
ideal, there are tents for rehydration iv and tents or rooms for
the phase of re-convalescensce. Capable of processing of
complications such as pulmonary edema. Open 24 on 24/ 7 on 7.
Receives the sick who come spontaneously and cases referred to it.
Staff: doctors, nurses, sanitizer, agents for preparation of
chlorine solutions, guardian, etc..
CTP Cash Transfer Programme
CWGER = Cluster Working Group on Early Recovery
CWS Church World Service
DAC OECD Development Assistance Committee
DAD Development Assistance Database
DanChurchAid http://www.danchurchaid.org/ is a Denmark faith
based NGO.
DCF Development Cooperation Forum
Debris what can be in a Disaster Debris Pile?
Dead bodies, and body parts
E-wastes such as computers, telephones and TVs
White goods such as refrigerators, washing machines, dryers
Hazardous materials such as bleach
Radioactive materials from hospitals, industries and
laboratories
Explosive gases from households, hospitals, industries
Petroleum products from gas stations, power plants
PCBs from transformers
Ammunition from houses, army camps and police stations
Disaster Rescue workers waste products, without garbage
pickup
DEC Disasters Emergency Committee
Dpartements (10) of Haiti, administrative jurisdictions similar
to states or provinces. Four of these departments received almost
400,000 of the initial over 500,000 displaced: Artibonite (capital:
Gonaves), Centre (capital: Hinche), Grande Anse (capital: Jrmie)
and Nippes (capital: Miragone). This according to the Red X. Later
figures said 600,000 to 700,000 displaced inside Haiti, and 200,000
crossed border into Dominican Republic.
DESA Department of Economic and Social Affairs at the UN
Destruction (damage)
Negative impact on property, capital, infrastructure on any
other type of physical structure (including natural structures)
resulting from an external event such as a disaster.
DFID UK-Britain Department for International Development
DGS: Direction du gnie scolaire
DHS Demographic and Health Survey
DINEPA Direction Nationale de lEau Potable (National Unit for
WASH Water and Sanitation)
Disaster A serious disruption of the functioning of a community
or a society causing widespread human, material, economic or
environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected
community or society to cope using its own resources. Major
disruption in the functioning of a community or society, when
human, material, economic or environmental losses must be addressed
with resources originally earmarked for development. A disaster is
the materialization of risk. It is the result of the complex
combination of a hazard and the manifestation of vulnerability,
when preventive capacities or measures are inadequate to mitigate
the negative effects of risk.
Displaced persons persons who, for different reasons or
circumstances, have been compelled to leave their homes. They may
or may not reside in their country of origin, but are not
necessarily regarded legally as refugees.
DM = Disaster Management
DOCX cannot be opened with Als XP Word 2003. It needs Word 2007
access.
DPA Darfur Peace Agreement
DPC = Haiti Department of Civil Protection (Police) Civil
Protection Directorate
DPKO = UN Department for Peacekeeping Operations
DPT3 Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus vaccine
DTM Displaced Tracking Matrix
DR Dominican Republic
DR Disaster Reduction, which tends to be more logical
DRI Direct Relief International
DRR Disaster Risk Reduction, which tends to be more physical
DRSS Disaster Response Support Service of Bioforce and RedR
within SPHERE project
DSNCRP Document de Stratgie Nationale pour la Croissance et pour
la Rduction de la Pauvret (PRSP Document)
DSSE Department Sanitaire du Sud-Est
DSRSG Deputy Special Representative of the UN
Secretary-General
DSNCRP. . . . . . . . . . . National Strategy for Growth &
Poverty Reduction Paper
DTM = Displacement Tracking Matrix = where the people end up in
what numbers
DWG Disability Working Group
DWR Disaster Waste Recovery
EAD Economic Affairs Division
Early recovery Recovery that begins early in a humanitarian
setting. Early recovery is not intended as a separate phase within
the relief-development continuum, but rather as an effort to
strengthen the effectiveness of the linkage. Early recovery
encompasses livelihoods, shelter, governance, environment and
social dimensions (such as HIV/Aids and gender equality as
cross-cutting issues), including the re-integration of displaced
populations
Earthquake Scales there are several. Here is Modified Mercalli
Scale (Richter, 1958)
MMI value
Description
I
Not felt. Marginal and long period effects of large
earthquakes
II
Felt by persons at rest, on upper floors, or favorably
placed
III
Felt indoors. Hanging objects swing. Vibration like passing of
light trucks. Duration estimated. May not be recognized as an
earthquake
IV
Hanging objects swing. Windows, dishes, doors rattle. Vibration
like passing of heavy trucks; or sensation of a jolt like a heavy
ball striking the walls. Standing motor cars rock. Glasses clink.
Crockery clashes. In the upper range of IV, wooden walls and frame
creak
V
Pictures move. Felt outdoors; direction estimated. Sleepers
wakened. Liquids disturbed, some spilled. Small unstable objects
displaced or upset. Doors swing, close, open. Shutters, pictures
move. Pendulum clocks stop, start, change rate
VI
Objects Fall. Felt by all. Many frightened and run outdoors.
Persons walk unsteadily. Windows, dishes, glassware broken.
Knickknacks, books, etc., off shelves. Pictures off walls.
Furniture moved or overturned. Weak plaster and masonry D cracked.
Small bells ring (church, school). Trees, bushes shaken (visibly or
heard to rustle)
VII
Nonstructural Damage. Difficult to stand. Noticed by drivers of
motor cars. Hanging objects quiver. Furniture broken. Damage to
masonry D, including cracks. Weak chimneys broken at roof line.
Fall of plaster, loose bricks, stones, tiles, cornices (also
unbraced parapets and architectural ornaments. Some cracks in
masonry C. Waves on ponds; water turbid with mud. Small slides and
caving in along sand or gravel banks. Large bells ring. Concrete
irrigation ditches damaged
VIII
Moderate Damage. Steering of motor cars affected. Damage to
masonry C; partial collapse. Some damage to masonry B. none to
masonry A. Fall of stucco and some masonry walls. Twisting, fall of
chimneys, factory stacks, monuments, towers, elevated tanks. Frame
houses moved on foundations if not bolted down; Loose panel walls
thrown out. Decayed piling broken off. Branches broken from trees.
Changes in flow or temperature of springs and wells. Cracks in wet
ground and on steep slopes
IX
Heavy Damage. General panic. Masonry D destroyed; masonry C
heavily damaged, sometimes with complete collapse; masonry B
seriously damaged. (General damage to foundations.) Frame
structures if not bolted, shifted off foundations. Frames racked.
Serious damage to reservoirs. Underground pipes broken. Conspicuous
cracks in ground. In alluvial areas sand and mud ejected,
earthquake fountains, sand craters
X
Extreme Damage. Most masonry and frame structures destroyed with
their foundations. Some well-built wooden structures and bridges
destroyed. Serious damage to dams, dikes, embankments. Large
landslides. Water thrown on banks of canals, rivers, lakes, etc.
Sand and mud shifted horizontally on beaches and flat land. Rails
bent slightly.
XI
Rails bent greatly. Underground pipelines completely out of
service
XII
Damage nearly total. Large rock masses displaced. Lines of sight
and level distorted. Objects thrown into the air
EC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . European Commission
ECD Early Childhood Development
ECHO European Commissions Humanitarian Aid Office
ECLAC UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the
Carribbean
Ecologically sensitive area Habitats such as wetlands, aquifer
recharge zones, important wildlife habitats and so forth which are,
or might be, sensitive to degradation or destruction by human
activities.
ECOSOC Economic and Social Council of the UN
Ecosystem A functional unit consisting of all the living
organisms (plants, animals and
microbes) in a given area, as well as the non-living physical
and chemical factors of their
environment, linked together through nutrient cycling and energy
flow. An ecosystem can be of any size a log, pond, field, forest,
or the Earths biosphere but it always functions as a whole unit.
Ecosystems are commonly described according to the main type of
vegetation (e.g. forest ecosystem, old-growth ecosystem or range
ecosystem).
Ecosystem integrity The degree to which the fundamental
ecological processes (e.g. water and nutrient cycling, the flow of
energy and biodiversity) are maintained.
Ecosystem services The benefits which an ecosystem provides,
which include storing water, preventing soil erosion, nutrient
recycling and serving as a source of genetic diversity.
EFA Education for All
EFSA Emergency Food Security Assessment
EID Early Infant Diagnosis
E-JOC. Extended Joint Operations Center
ELDA the Evaluations/European andLanguage Resources Distribution
Agency
EM-DAT Emergency Disasters Data Base
Emergency Disasters Data Base website. Belgium: EM-DAT, CRED,
University of Louvain. http://www.em-dat.net/disasters/list/php
Emergency (or disaster) management
Organization and management of resources and responsibilities in
the handling of all emergency matters, in particular preparedness,
response, and rehabilitation. Emergency management involves the
plans, structures, and arrangements established to jumpstart the
regular activities of government or volunteer agencies, as well as
the private sector, in a comprehensive and coordinated matter, so
as to respond to the entire spectrum of emergency needs. This
process is also known as disaster management.
EMMA = Emergency Market Mapping Analysis
EMMUS Enquete de morbiditie, mortalite et utilisation des
services
EMOPS UNICEF's Office of Emergency Programmes
ENA Environmental Needs Assessment
ENAT Environmental Needs Assessment Team
ENG = English
Environmental Consequences think check list of what needs to be
dealt with.
Environmental Consequences of Landslide
Damaged infrastructure as a possible secondary environmental
threat, e.g. leakage from fuel storage facilities Secondary impacts
by temporarily displaced people
Impacts associated with reconstruction and repair to damaged
infrastructure (e.g. deforestation, quarrying, waste pollution)
PEOPLE CONSEQUENCES include
getting buried & maybe killed
critical roads blocked
Environmental Consequences of an Earthquake
Loss of productive systems, e.g. agriculture
Damage to natural landscapes and vegetation
Possible mass flooding if dam infrastructure weakened or
destroyed, or drainage canals filled with debris
Waste accumulation additional waste disposal sites required
Secondary impacts by temporarily displaced people
Impacts associated with reconstruction and repair to damaged
infrastructure (e.g. deforestation, quarrying, waste pollution)
Damaged infrastructure as a possible secondary environmental
threat, e.g. leakage from fuel storage facilities
PEOPLE CONSEQUENCES include
Being in or near a building that falls down & maybe killed
or maimed
Loss of critical infrastructure
Environmental Consequences of Volcanic Eruption
(There are many active volcanoes in the Americas)
Loss of productive landscape and crops being buried by ash and
pumice
Forest fires as a result of molten lava
Secondary impacts by temporarily displaced people
Loss of wildlife following gas release
Secondary flooding should rivers or valleys be blocked by lava
flow
Damaged infrastructure as a possible secondary environmental
threat, e.g. leakage from fuel storage facilities Impacts
associated with reconstruction and repair to damaged infrastructure
(e.g. deforestation, quarrying, waste pollution)
PEOPLE CONSEQUENCES include
Get out of way, or get killed ash can also be deadly
Loss of critical infrastructure
Environmental Consequences of any Hurricane/Cyclone/Typhoon
Loss of vegetation cover and wildlife habitat
Short-term heavy rains and flooding inland
Mud slides and soil erosion
Saltwater intrusion to underground fresh water reservoirs
Soil contamination from saline water
Damage to offshore coral reefs and natural coastal defense
mechanisms
Waste (some of which may be hazardous) and debris
accumulation
Secondary impacts by temporarily displaced people
Impacts associated with reconstruction and repair to damaged
infrastructure (e.g. deforestation, quarrying, waste pollution)
PEOPLE CONSEQUENCES include
Get out of way, or get killed
Loss of critical infrastructure
Environmental Consequences of Flood
Ground water pollution through sewage overflow, health
implications with mosquitos
Loss of crops, livestock and livelihood security
Excessive siltation may affect certain fish stocks
River bank damage from erosion
Water and soil contamination fertilizers used
Secondary impacts by temporarily displaced people
Beneficial sedimentation in floodplains or close to river
banks
PEOPLE CONSEQUENCES include
Get out of way, or get killed
Serious damage to critical infrastructure
Roads blocked
Environmental Consequences of Tsunami
Ground water pollution through sewage overflow
Saline incursion and sewage contamination of groundwater
reservoirs
Loss of productive fisheries and coastal forest/plantations
Destruction of coral reefs
Coastal erosion and/or beneficial deposition of sediment on
beaches/small islands
Marine pollution from back flow of wave surge
Soil contamination
Loss of crops and seed banks
Waste accumulation additional waste disposal sites required
Secondary impacts by temporarily displaced people
Impacts associated with reconstruction and repair to damaged
infrastructure (e.g. deforestation, quarrying, waste pollution)
PEOPLE CONSEQUENCES include
Get out of way, or get killed
Loss of critical infrastructure
Environmental Consequences of Drought
Loss of surface vegetation.
Loss of biodiversity
Forced human displacement.
Loss of livestock and other productive systems.
Environmental Consequences of Epidemic
Loss of biodiversity
Forced human displacement
Loss of productive economic systems
Introduction of new species
Environmental Consequences of Forest Fires (Haiti safe from this
for a while)
Loss of forest and wildlife habitat
Loss of biodiversity
Loss of ecosystem services
Loss of productive crops
Soil erosion
Secondary encroachment for settlement or agriculture
EPF Emergency Programme Fund
EPI Expanded Programme of Immunisation
Epidemic = the occurrence in a community or region of cases of
an illness (or an outbreak) with a frequency clearly in excess of
normal expectancy.
The public health community has not settled on a solid
definition of outbreak except in a very broad sense, which means
many people are using outbreak and epidemic interchangeably.
Pandemic is when it is happening in multiple nations. In Al Mac
opinion, cholera is now a pandemic, since multiple nations of
Africa and Asia have it out-of-control.
Also see infectious disease impact scale (IDIS).
EQ Earth Quake
ER = Early Recovery (part of IASC Cluster System)
ERC Emergency Response Coordinator ERT Emergency Response Team
ESC emergency shelter and transitional shelter ESD Education for
Sustainable Development
ERRA Earthquake Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Authority
ERRF Emergency Response Relief Fund
ERUs Emergency Response Units ETA = Estimated Time of
Arrival
ETC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emergency Telecommunications
Cluster
EU = European Union EU/JRC European Unions Joint Research
Centre
Extremely Vulnerable Groups comprise:
a. Female- and Child-headed households
b. Households of six or more, with four children of school
age
c. Physically and mentally disabled
d. Elderly
FACT Field Assessment and Coordination Team FADH Haitian Armed
Forces (none exist, but some people have called for replacing the
UN troops in Haiti, with such) FAO UN Food and Agriculture
Organization, HQ in Rome Italy FAQ = Frequently Asked Questions FB
= Facebook, a social network
FCS food consumption score
FederationInternational Federation of Red Cross & Red
Crescent Societies
FEWS NET. . . . . . . . . Famine Early Warning System
Network
FH Food for Hungry
http://fhrelief.wordpress.com/2008/10/20/launch-of-fh-haiti/
FIGO/SOGC International Federation of Gynaecology and
Obstetrics
FOKAL Fondasyon Konesans Ak Libte (National NGO on Education and
Culture)
Fondefh Fondation pour le Dveloppement de la Famille
Hatienne
FOSREF Fondation pour la Sante Reproductive et lEducation
Familiale
FP focal persons
FPU = Formed Police Units, supplied by individual nations to
work in UN missions
FPGL Fondation Paul Grin Lajoie (International Development
NGO)
FR = French
FRC Federal Relief Commission
FSNAU Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit
FTR family tracing and reunification
FTS Financial Tracking System
FY Fiscal Year
G77 Group of 77 Developing Nations
GACI. =. International Coordination Support Group
GAM Global Acute malnutrition
GAM Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (Free Aceh Movement)
GARR Support Group for the Repatriated and Refugees
GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation
GBV Gender Based Violence
GCMS Geographical coordination and Monitoring Section
GCST = The Global Campaign for Secure Tenure, organized thru
UN-Habitat advocates housing rights for everyone
GCUG = The Global Campaign on Urban Governance, organized thru
UN-Habitat
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GEMAP Governance and Economic Management Assistance Plan
GenCap Gender Standby Capacity Project
Gender
Specific roles, responsibilities, needs, functions, and
interests of women and men, generally based on social influence and
specific to a given culture, but different, however, from the
concepts of gender that refer to the biological differences between
men and women, or to sexual orientation.
Gender analysis
Assessment process of specific, socially influenced differences
between men and women that are learned, change over time, and vary
from one country to another.
Gender dimension of a disaster
Different effects on and roles of men and women when a disaster
occurs. A more complex analysis of gender will also take into
account the varying impacts of disasters on different groups, in
particular the elderly, infants and children, and persons having
special or physical disabilities.
Gender-based needs assessment
Process by which the specific needs of women, girls, men, and
boys are identified.
GET World Bank Global Expert Team
GFDRR Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery
GHD Good Humanitarian Donorship Initiative
GHESKIO Groupe Hatien dEtudes de Sarcome de Kaposi et
dInfections Opportunistes (National NGO on HIV/AIDS)
GIA Governors Island Agreement
GIEWS Global Information and Early-Warning System
GIS Geographical Information System
GoH Government of Haiti
GNI Gross National Income
GNP Gross National Product
GPS Global Positioning System
GPOI Global Peace Operations Initiative (military
peacekeeping)
GRT Global Relief Technologies
GTEF Groupe de Travail pour lducation et la Formation
(Presidential Commission on Education and Training)
HAC Humanitarian Aid Commission
HAP = Humanitarian Accountability Partnership
HAVEN House and community building charity
Hazard
Physical circumstance or event, natural process, or human
activity which, having attained or exceeded a specific intensity,
poses a potential danger in terms of the loss of human life,
injury, or damage to social and economic goods or environmental
degradation. Hazards include latent conditions that may pose a
danger in the future, arising from a variety of sources: natural
processes (geological, hydrometeorological, biological, etc.) or
man-made processes (environmental degradation, technological
dangers, etc.). Hazards may be individual, joint, sequential, or
combined in terms of their origins and effect
HC Haiti Commission
HC/RC = Humanitarian Coordinator/Resident Coordinator
HCT Humanitarian Country Team
HDI Human Development Index
HEAS Haiti Epidemic Advisory System
250+ members, which includes international NGOs, UN agencies,
USG agencies, private individuals, unaffiliated charitable
organizations, and journalists facilitated by operational
biosurveillance analysts. The analysts provide a "switchboard"
tactical function with over 10 years' experience in the domain,
having participated in forecast, detection, and early warning of
nearly 250k infectious disease events in every country of the world
(including Antarctica) across 43 languages. We are the same team
(ex-Veratect) that provided warning of the Mexico crisis to CDC and
WHO, later recognized to be the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic.
Check out their Haiti Operational Bio-Surveillance site.
HEDR = Haiti Earthquake Disaster Relief, a discussion group on
Linked In HELP ACT Haiti Economic Lift Program (facilitate export
to USA clothing manufactured in Haiti) HERME Harmonized Emergency
Risk Management Initiative HI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Handicap International HIC Humanitarian Information Centre
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HNMC = Haitian National Meteorology Center (weather
forecasts)
HNP Haitian National Police
HNRCS Haitian National Red Cross Society HODR Hands on Disaster
Relief
A household comprises all those sharing one hearth.
HP Hygiene Promotion cluster
HPN = Humanitarian Practice Network
HQ Headquarters
HRC Haiti Response Coalition
HRC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Haitian Red Cross
HRD Hurricane Research Division
HRS Human Rights Section of MINUSTAH
HTPC Haiti Operations Center
HUG Haiti Under God
HWTSS Hygiene, Water Treatment, and Safe Storage
HX = Humanitarian Exchange
Hygiene Improved Practice includes safe water storage,
treatment, and handling.
IAAC Independent Audit Advisory Committee of UN
IADB Inter-American Development Bank
IARTE Inter-Agency real time Evaluation
IASC UNs Inter-Agency Standing Committee
IBESR Institut de Bien-Etre Social et de Recherches (MoSAs
Institute on Social Welfare and Research)
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization HQ in Montreal
Canada
ICC International Criminal Court is apart from the UN
ICD International Cooperation Directorate, Ministry of Finance
and National Economy ICF Interim Cooperation Framework
ICJ International Court of Justice of the UN, located at The
Hague, Netherlands
ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross
ICRH Interim Commission for the Reconstruction of Haiti
ICSID International Centre for Settlement of Investment
Disputes
ICT Information Communication Technology
ICVA International Council of Voluntary Agencies
IDA International Development Association
IDB Inter-American Development Bank
IDB Islamic Development Bank
IDEJEN Initiative pour le dveloppment des jeunes
IDNDR International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction
IDP Internal Displaced People (refugees within home nation)
IDPSS Internally Displaced Persons Surveillance System
IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development HQ Rome
Italy
IFC International Finance Corporation
IFES International Foundation for Electoral Systems
IFIs International Finance Institutions
IFRC = International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent
Societies
IHE Institut Hatien de lEnfance (National Haitian Child
Institute)
IHSI Institut Haitien de Statistiques (National Institute of
Statistics)
IIA Institute of Internal Auditors
IIRO International Islamic Relief Organisation
IJDH = Institute for Justice and Democracy in Haiti
ILAS Institute of Latin American Studies
ILF International Lifeline Funds
IMAGE Intervention with Microfinance for AIDS and Gender
Equity
IMC International Medical Corps
IMCI Integrated Management of Childhood Illness
IMEP Integrated Monitoring and Evaluation Plan
IMF International Monetary Fund
IMPP Integrated Mission Planning Process Working Group
IMR Infant Mortality Rate
INEE Inter-agency Network for Education in Emergencies
Infectious Disease Impact Scale (IDIS), from Haiti Operational
Bio-surveillance:
IDIS Category 0. Unreported infectious disease event. Daily,
routine infectious diseases are handled at this level, and
provision of warning about these diseases is not deemed relevant.
It is likely there are multiple unreported cholera cases now inside
Port-au-Prince, for instance, and in Artibonite and perhaps
elsewhere.
IDIS Category 1. Reported infectious disease event. The typical
Category 1 infectious disease event reported by a community
reflects a sensitivity to public health or medical significance. No
other significant features indicative of immediate public health or
medical infrastructure impact, public anxiety, or civil unrest
triggered by the event are noted.
IDIS Category 2. Infectious disease event associated with
routine organized response. Category 2 events often reflect locally
well-known diseases that nevertheless generate a demand for
organization-level time-sensitive action. This action is local
routine.
IDIS Category 3. Infectious disease event associated with
non-routine organized response. Category 3 events are essentially
the beginnings of a community crisis.
IDIS Category 4. Infectious disease event associated with social
disruption. Category 4 events highlight when organized response has
occurred, yet significant social disruption has been
documented.
IDIS Category 5. Infectious disease event associated with
disaster indicators.
IDIS Category 6. Infectious disease event associated with
apocalyptic indicators. This is an operationally rare finding,
associated historically with Ebola and Nipah virus outbreaks. We do
not consider this category to represent a likely scenario in
Haiti.
Also see Epidemic.
I-NGO International NGO
INSTRAW International Research and Training Institute for the
Advancement of Women
INTOSAI UN Working Group Accountability for Audit of
Disaster-Related Aid
IOM International Organization for Migration
IPC Integrated Food Security Phase Classification
IRC International Rescue Committee
IRD International Relief and Development
http://www.ird-dc.org/
IRDWG Inclusion, Rehabilitation, Disability Working Group
IRIN Integrated Regional Information Network
ISDR International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
ISF Integrated Strategic
IT Information Technology
ITC International Trade Center
ITU International Telecommunication Union HQ Geneva
Switzerland
IYCF Infant and young child feeding
JCICS Joint Council on international childrens services
JEN Japan Emergency NGOs
JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency
JIU Joint Inspection Unit (oversight body of the United Nations
system)
JMAC Joint Mission Analysis Center of the UN Police
JOTC Joint Operations and Tasking Center
JPHRO Jenkins-Penn Haitian Relief Organisation
JTF Joint Task Force (US military)
KID Convention for Democratic Unity (Haiti political party)
KOFAVIV Commission of Women Victim-to-Victim
KORE-N Coordination to Rebuild the Nation (in Creole means
support us)
LAS League of Arab States
LC = Logistics Cluster of UN NGO relief efforts transportation,
military, cargo handling, etc.
LCU = Landing Craft Units (a unit, in UN context, means a
vehicle for cargo)
LET = Logistics Emergency Teams
LI = Linked In, a social network for professionals
LLH Life Line Haiti
LLIN = Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets LOG = Logistics
Operational Guide
Losses
Decline in economic resources, including means of subsistence
(revenue, salaries, profit, private income), following damage
caused by an external event such as a disaster).
LoU Letter of Understanding
LRRD Linking Relief, Rehabilitation and Development
MADRE Mouvement Alternatif pour la Dcentralisation et la
Reconstruction
Mairie is a French word meaning the Mayor's office, or the City
Council.
MAP Mangrove Action Project
MapAction. Supporting humanitarian operations with real time
mapping. London: MapAction http://www.mapaction.org
MARNDR. Ministry for Agriculture, Natural Resources and Rural
Development
MAST Ministre des Affaires Sociales et du Travail - Ministry of
Social Affairs
MCM Municipality Cluster Mechanism
MDG Millenium Development Goal
MdM Mdecins du Monde
MENFP: Ministre de l'ducation nationale et de la formation
professionnelle
MERLIN Medical Emergency Relief International
http://www.merlin-usa.org
MHPSS Mental Health and psycho-social support
MICAH Civilian Support UN Mission in Haiti
MICS Multiple Cluster Inidator Survey
MICT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ministry for the Interior and
Territorial Entity
MIGA Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
The ministries of the Haitian government are:
Development (page does not exist)" Ministry of Agriculture,
Natural Resources and Rural Development
exist)" Ministry of Commerce and Industry
not exist)" Ministry of Finance and Economy
exist)" Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cults
not exist)" Ministry of Information and Coordination
not exist)" Ministry of Interior and National Defense
Ministry of Justice
(page does not exist)" Ministry of National Education, Youth and
Sports
exist)" Ministry of Planning and Foreign Aid
not exist)" Ministry of Public Health and Population
Communications (page does not exist)" Ministry of Public Works,
Transportation and Communications
Ministry of Social Affairs
MINUSTAH Mission des Nations Unies pour la Stabilisation dHati
(United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti) (UN
Peacekeepers)
MINUSTAH/ HDCS.Humanitarian and Development Coordination Section
of MINUSTAH
MINUSTAH/ HR. . . . Human Rights Section of MINUSTAH
MIPONUH United Nations Civilian Police Mission
Mitigation
Structural and non-structural measures applied to contain the
negative effects of natural, technological, and environmental
hazards.
Mitigation of Risk is a concept Al Mac is well familiar with in
computer security terms we can predict in advance about some
defenses being weak, because of lack of corporate funding, and lot
of successful attacks reported on similar installations, so we have
extra layers of defenses, alerts, extra human focus, where we most
expect trouble. In the area of natural disasters, there is
excellent science on weather prediction, geographical terrain
known, past patterns of where tornados tend to go, based on shape
of hills, so it can be predicted in advance where flooding most
likely. Earthquake science cannot predict when next quake will
arrive, but can give us pretty good idea where a risk exists of one
of what intensity, so that building codes there can specify how
good structures need to be to survive what is coming.
MJPATN Mouvement des Jeunes pour Hati Tout Neuf
MJRPG Mouvement des Jeunes Rvolutionnaires de Petit Gove
MJSP Ministre e de la Justice et de la Scurit Publique -
Ministry of Justice
MLC Max Lock Centre
MNF Multi-National Force
MODEP Democratic Popular Movement (a Haiti Political Party)
MoH Ministry of Health
MoM Meeting Minutes
MoP Ministre de la Planification et de la Coopration Externe -
Ministry of Planning
MoU Memorandum of Understanding
Movement, the = the International Committee of the Red Cross,
the International Federation of Red Cross & Red Crescent
Societies, and national societies
MP Member of Parliament (Britain)
MPCE Ministry of Planning and External Cooperation
MPP Peasant Movement of Papay
MRCs Migrant Resource Centres
MRM Monitoring and Reporting Mechanism
MSB Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency
MSF Mdecins sans Frontires (Doctors without Borders)
MSH Management Sciences for Health
MSPP Ministre de la Sant Publique et de la Population - Ministry
of Health
MT Machine Translation (see
http://www.allenkeys2languages.org/creole-languages-and-technologies/
for significance)
MTPTC The Ministry of Public Works, Transport and
Communications
MUAC Middle Upper Arm Circumference
MUDHA Movement of Dominican Women of Haitian Descent
MYR Mid-Year Review
NatCat Natural Catastrophes
NCA Norwegian Church Aid
NDBC US National Data Bouy Center
NEP = New Emergencies Policy
Needs
Humanitarian interventions in the areas of recovery and
development, required to close the gap between the shortages or
losses identified and the situation desired by victims in a
post-conflict or post-disaster situation. Total needs identified or
noted at the local level can be summarized in a recovery framework
for a given sector or country.
Needs assessment
This assessment, initiated by humanitarian agencies, entails the
identification of basic needs and what is lacking to meet these
needs (based on standards, taking into account vulnerabilities,
risks, and capacities) and the estimation of the external
assistance needed (beyond the community, province, department, or
country) to cover these shortages. Needs assessment for recovery
purposes (emergency or comprehensive) and for development purposes
calls for a broader vision of needs covering institutional,
policy-related, and infrastructure areas.
NFI.. Non-food Items
NGO Non-Governmental Organizations
NHC National Hurricane Center
NIS National Statistical Institute
NNF National Notario Foundation
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NRC Norwegian Refugee Council
NSGRP. . . . . . . . . . . . National Strategy for Growth &
Reduction of Poverty
NSP Non-State Providers
NWFP North-West Frontier Province
OAS Organization of American States
OBI Operation Blessing International
OCEDAH Office of Community Education and Diversity Affairs
OCHA United Nations Office for the coordination of humanitarian
affairs
ODA Official Development Assistance
ODG Overseas Development Group
ODI = Overseas Development Institute, based in Britain
OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OECD-DAC Organization for Economic Cooperation and
DevelopmentDevelopment Assistance Committee
OFDA. . . . . . . . . . . . . Office of US Foreign Disaster
Assistance
OHA Official Humanitarian Assistance
OHCHR United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human
Rights
OHFCOH = Operation Hope for Children of Haiti
OIC Organisation of the Islamic Conference
OIOS the Office of Internal Oversight Services for UN
OLS Operation Lifeline Sudan
OMS = "Organisation Mondiale de la Sante", or World Health
Organization /PAHO
ONI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . National Identity Office
OPC Office of the Protection of Citizens
OPS = OrganizationPanamericaine de la Sante ( French) -
Organizacion Panamericana de la Salud ( Spanish) ; English
=PAHO
OPS = Operations
OSIG Office of the Secretary General of the UN
OSZ Outside Shake zone
OTPs Outpatient Therapeutic Feeding Centers
PAI Programa Ampliado Imunizacion
PADF Pan American Development Foundation
PAHO Pan American Health Organization
Pandemic see Epidemic
PaP = Port au Prince, capital of Haiti
PAPDA Platform for Alternative Development in Haiti
Participation A process by which stakeholders are active and
equal partners in decision making, and may have shared ownership
and control over project/programme design and implementation (and
also eventual evaluation).
PBC Peace Building Commission
PBR Programme Budget review
PCA Partnership Cooperation Agreements
PCNB Points de Conseil de Nutrition Pour les Bbs
PDA Presbyterian Disaster Assistance
PCI Project Concern International
http://www.projectconcern.org
PDNA = Post Disaster Needs Assessment and Recovery Framework
PDSRSG Political Deputy Special Representative of the
Secretary-GeneralPERT Diagram Program Evaluation and Review
Technique a flow chart of inter-relationships. Arrows, from one box
to another, in this context indicate pre-requisites, where progress
in the pre-requisite will have astronomical benefit for the
activity to which the arrow points. Haiti cannot resolve permanent
housing without first solving: land ownership documentation; and
the rubble debris. Making major progress with reforestation will do
wonders for agriculture, stop soil erosion, reduce pollution, and
make hillsides less susceptible to mudslides. However, there are
green revolution pre-requisites to sustained reforestation. An
understanding of many such relationships, summarized in a PERT
diagram, can help prioritize building Haiti back better. Projects,
which do not use such diagram techniques, can either fail, or be
massively more expensive than had they utilized such a system.
Pesadev Perspectives pour la Sant et le Dveloppement
PFII Permanent UN Forum on Indigenous Issues
PM = Prime Minister
PMCC = Project Management Coordination Cell
PMTCT Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission
PNH Police Nationale dHaiti (Haiti National Police)
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
PPT Microsoft Power Point
PRCS Pakistan Red Crescent Society
Private Al Mac will now be appending this word to the end of
downloaded files naming from UN NGOs when Al sees terminology,
similar to the following, associated with the distribution of the
documentation, or when Al presumes from context that this applies.
This kind of terminology was absent from all documents that Al Mac
downloaded for the first approx 100 days of UN NGO cluster
reporting on Haiti activities, then it began to appear
sporadically.
The information contained in this electronic message and any
attachments is intended for specific individuals or entities, and
may be confidential, proprietary or privileged. If you are not the
intended recipient, please notify the sender immediately, delete
this message and do not disclose, distribute or copy it to any
third party or otherwise use this message. The content of this
message does not necessarily reflect the official position of the
World Food Programme. Electronic messages are not secure or error
free and may contain viruses or may be delayed, and the sender is
not liable for any of these occurrences. The sender reserves the
right to monitor, record and retain electronic messages.
ProCap. . . . . . . . . . . . Protection Standby Capacity
Project
PRODEP Community-Driven Development Project
Protected area Portions of land protected by special
restrictions and laws for the conservation of the natural
environment. They include large tracts of land set aside for the
protection of wildlife and its habitat; areas of great natural
beauty or unique interest; areas containing rare forms of plant and
animal life; areas representing unusual geologic formations; places
of historic and prehistoric interest; areas containing ecosystems
of special importance for scientific investigation and study; and
areas that safeguard the needs of the biosphere.
PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
PSEA Sexual Exploitation and Abuse
PUICA = The Civil Registry Program (PUICA), is a project
currently being implemented by the OAS in Haiti to improve a
digital civil registry system to normalize the situation aggravated
by the catastrophe that affected the country earlier in 2010, which
led to the collapse of public offices and the lost of citizens'
identity cards. The program's immediate goal is to establish a
system to update the electoral census for the upcoming presidential
and legislative elections in November. For more info see OAS news
on Relief Web.
PWYF = Publish What You Fund
QCF Qatar Charitable Foundation
QIP Quick Impact Project
RAT Recovery Assessment Team
RC Resident Coordinator
RCRC Red Cross and Red Crescent
RCS Red Cross/Crescent Society
Recovery comes after Rescue and Relief. The damaged
infrastructure needs to be rebuilt back better than it was before,
so the people are less likely to suffer so much in the next natural
disaster.
RedR (pronounced 'Red R') http://www.redr.org/ is an
international NGO that provides recruitment, training and support
services for humanitarian professionals across the world.
Red X = Al Mac abbreviation for Red Cross
Rehabilitation Different people use same terminology with
somewhat different meanings.
The full, or at least partial, restoration of degraded
landscapes and/or impaired ecosystem services to their state prior,
for example, to the land being occupied as a site for transitional
shelter for displaced people.
Upgrading existing buildings to accommodate evolving needs, such
as support for disabled people, support for new kinds of
telecommunications, improve fire safety.
Rehabilitation
Start of a post-crisis recovery process (disaster- or
conflict-related). Rehabilitation entails measures in-tended to
restore to the affected community, insofar as possible and as
quickly as possible, the pre-disaster quality of life in the areas
of governance, subsistence, shelter, the environment, and the
social sphere. This includes the reintegration of displaced
populations and human safety.
Relief typically comes after Rescue and before Recovery. Until
damaged infrastructure and economy can be rebuilt, the people need
delivery of essential supplies (medical, food, water, shelter) in
such a way that it does not sabotage recovery (such as killing the
local agriculture by competing with capitalism to its
destruction).
RENHASSA National Haitian Network for Food Sovereignty and Food
Security
Relocation Camps, for Haiti disaster victims, were designated
safer areas than where they were found at risk of flooding,
mudslides, etc. where the more risky areas could not be mitigated,
or repaired. So the people at more risk were given some
choices:
Return to wherever they were before, if their homes now
designated as safe, and they were economically able to move there
(pay the rent with their livelihoods gone);
Move in with some other host family, such as in rural areas,
which were not getting sufficient aid to displaced victims;
Or move to the safer relocation camps.
Rescue typically comes before Relief. In the immediate aftermath
of a disaster, there are people at extreme risk of dying, because
they are buried by an earthquake, mudslide, etc. or need to be
rapidly moved out of the way of a flood.
RICS Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors
RIH Haiti = Humanists International Network
RINAH Rapid Initial Needs Assessment for Haiti
Risk
Literal definitions:
PETIT LAROUSSE; 2009
Risk:
Masculine noun. (in Italian risco, from the Latin resecum,
something that cuts)
Possibility or probability of an event viewed as negative or
damaging. The risks of war are increasing.
Exposure to danger or an adverse event that is fairly likely to
occur: to run the risk of failure. A pilot who takes too many
risks.
Engaging in an activity that could be advantageous, but which
entails the possibility of danger: To have an appetite for
risk.
Possible harm or disaster covered by insurance companies in
return for a premium.
Summary: Possible occurrence of an event that does not depend
entirely on the will of the parties and which may result in the
loss of an object or any other kind of damage.
Specific definitions: Risk:
Possibility of damage likely to impact exposed elements,
depending on their characteristics, situation, conditions, and
spatiotemporal context; consequences and causes are not always
predictable.
Combined probability that the occurrence of a situation in a
specific time and place will be sufficiently intense to produce
damage owing to the intensity of the event and the fragility of the
exposed elements, namely, the economy, human life, and the
environment.
Risk management
Systematic process for developing administrative and
organizational decisions, as well as operational capacities and the
overall application of policies and strategies to reduce the impact
of natural hazards and environmental degradation linked to man-made
activities. This includes the application of the findings of
scientific research, observation, and monitoring of natural
processes that pose hazards, as well as
structural and non-structural measures, with a view to avoiding
(preventing) or limiting (mitigating or preparing for) the adverse
effects of hazards. When a country wishes to protect its population
and assets, may establish a risk management policy based upon the
following basic strategies, which incorporate ways to understand
the causes, consequences and remedies in distinct dimensions:
Risk identification: Incorporates individual and collective
understanding and perceptions, social representations and objective
evaluations (i.e. scientific, engineering, statistical) of the
causes and consequences of risk: hazards (type, intensity,
distance, recurrence); vulnerability (degrees of exposure and
fragility, socio-economic value of possible losses, potential
alterations to the human quality of life -deaths, injuries, trauma,
forceful displacements-, and the impact to the environment and
natural assets, services and functions
Risk reduction: Includes all ex-ante measures to reduce the
physical impact of adverse natural events. Also known as prevention
and mitigation, it means intervention against the loss generating
factors, particularly the vulnerability, since from certain levels
of intensity and beyond, it is not possible to re-duce the natural
hazards
Risk financing, transfer: The ensemble of ex-ante measures aimed
at improving the capacity and resilience to cope with the financial
consequences of disasters through: reserve funds, contingent credit
and insurance. It requires ex-ante assessment of risk in economic
terms. This is often done using complex risk models focusing at
reducing the impact of natural hazards. To this effect, it is
required to establish ex-ante the thresholds for retention/transfer
of risk based upon definitions of accepted vs. acceptable risk. The
next step is to build probabilistic scenarios, models and metrics
to estimate losses: i) Probable Maximum Loss (PML), ii) Average
Annual Loss (AAL) corresponding to the expected loss averaged on a
yearly basis, and iii) Loss Exceedance Curves (LEC). These metrics
are determined for various return periods (e.g. 50, 100, 250, 500
years). Comparative scenarios can also be performed to demonstrate
the effects of intervention versus non-intervention over damage and
losses and replacement costs
Emergency and disaster management: Actions, defined ex-ante, to
be performed when risk is materialised; they must be as efficient
and effective as possible to reintegrate the quality of life of the
population affected and avoid rebuilding vulnerability by
incorporating preparedness, alert-alarm systems, response,
rehabilitation (immediate) and reconstruction (mediate to long
term)
Risk management capacity
Combination of all available forces and resources within a
community, society, or organization that can mitigate the level of
risk or the effects of a disaster. This also includes the
development of institutional, financial, policy-related, and other
resources, such as technology at different levels and in different
sectors of the society.
RJNA Rapid Joint Needs Assessment
R-JOC Regional Joint Operations Centers
RMB Renminbi
RPCA Food Crisis Prevention Network
RR Rapid Response
RSS Really Simple Syndication
RTF Rich Text Format
RUIF Ready-to-use infant formula
RUTF Ready to Use Therapeutic Food
RWH Rainwater Harvest Study
SAB Stand-by-Agreements
SAG Strategic Advisory Group
SAI Supreme Audit Institutions
SAJ-Veye-Jo Solidarity among Youth
SAM Severe Acute Malnutrition
Satisfaction can be measured as a function of:
e. Dignity, privacy, and suitability
f. User views being properly taken into account
g. Outcomes of interventions met or exceeded expectations
h. Complaints mechanism is in place
SC Save the Children (Alliance)
SCs Stabilization Centers
SDA Structural Damage Assessment
Secretariat = the Geneva-based Secretariat of the International
Federation of Red Cross & Red Crescent Societies, and its
regional Zones
SGB Secretary-General's Bulletin
SEIPH Secretary of State for the Integration of Persons with
Disabilities
SEL Service dEntraide et de Liaison (see
http://www.allenkeys2languages.org/creole-languages-and-technologies/
for significance)
SESPAS Dominican Ministry of Health
SFP Engineers without Borders San Francisco Professionals
SGST Small Group Scenario Trainer
SGST is a web-based scenario role-play for multi-player, small
group teams that allows participants to join in remotely. The
objective is to stimulate critical thinking, problem solving and
learning on contingency planning.
SHELTER
When we see the word Shelter in UN NGO Gov documents about
Haiti, it usually means Emergency Shelter from rains, such as tents
tarps etc. ideally on land not at high risk of flooding or
mudslides or landslides.
When we see OTHER folks using the word Shelter, they usually
mean Housing that meets Building Standards that includes protection
from Hurricanes, Earthquakes, nite rapes, surprise evictions, and
other hazards that are normal reasonable expectations for the
people of Haiti.
SHELTER SAFER STRATEGY OF GOVERNMENT OF HAITI
This strategy proposes five basic options for the affected
population:
1. Return to a safe home, after evaluation by trained
engineers
2. Return to a safe plot, after debris has been removed from the
site
3. Stay with a host family
4. Stay in a current spontaneous settlement, if conditions at
the site can be made to meet minimum standards in the medium
term
5. For those who do not have another option, move to a temporary
relocation site planned by the Government
SIF Social Investment Fund
SIL Summer Institute of Linguistics (see
http://www.allenkeys2languages.org/creole-languages-and-technologies/
for significance)
SLL Surviving Limb Loss
SMCRS Service Mtropolitain de Collecte de Rsidus Solides (Haiti
municipal solid waste management authority)
SMS Short Message Service
SNEP. Service National dEau Potable
SNGRD National System of Risk and Disaster Management
SOFA Solidarite Fanm Ayisyn (National NGO for Women)
SOFA Solidarity with Haitian Women
SOUTHCOM U.S. Southern (military) Command
SPHERE Project
http://www.sphereproject.org/content/view/91/58/lang,english/ has
two core beliefs:
first, that all possible steps should be taken to alleviate
human suffering arising out of calamity and conflict, and
second, that those affected by disaster have a right to life
with dignity and therefore a right to assistance.
SPNS Strategic Plan for National Salvation
SR = Santo Domingo, capital of Dominican Republic
SRCS Sudanese Red Crescent Society
SRSG Special Representative of the Secretary-General
SSA Special Service Agreement
START Stabilization and Reconstruction Task Force
STC = Save the Children
STD Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Subsistence
The capacities and assets (including material and social
resources) as well as activities necessary for subsistence
purposes. Subsistence is sustainable when, in the face of pressures
and shocks, capacity and assets can be preserved in both the
present and future, and the natural resource base or financial
means that support individuals/families are not undermined. This
includes the means to support oneself as well as resources derived
from wealth or reserves that can be tapped, should the need arise.
This term refers to the resources needed to support a family or a
group, their source of income, their resources for survival (the
minimum needed for subsistence purposes), and resources to obtain
socially acceptable facilities to live decently. In post-conflict
or post-disaster situations, restoration of employment and
subsistence means are government priorities in an emergency
recovery context and are therefore part and parcel of the emergency
response to lessen the dependence of victims on foreign aid.
T-Shelter Transitional Shelter (quake and cyclone proof shelter
in Haiti for people displaced by last such disaster)
TDC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concertation Table
TdH Terre des Hommes (I-NGO)
TDRA Transitional Darfur Regional Authority
TLAs Three Letter Abbreviations (not wanted in an Acronym-free
Zone)
TLS Temporary Learning Spaces
TOR Terms of Reference
TOT terms of trade
Transitional settlement settlement and shelter resulting from
conflict and natural disasters, ranging from emergency response to
durable solutions.
TRN Tsunami Recovery Network
TSs Transitional Shelters
TS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sectoral Table
TWG Technical Working Groups
U5 Under 5 years old
U5MR Under-five Mortality Rate
UDMO departmental public order unit (of HNP)
UK United Kingdom (Britain)
UMCOR United Methodist Committee on Relief
UN United Nations
UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS - Programme
Acceleration Funds
UNAMID UNAU Mission in Darfur
UNCDF United Nations Capital Development Fund
UNCHR United Nations Commission on Human Rights
UNCRD United Nations Centre for Regional Development
UNCRI United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research
Institute
UN-CSW United Nations Commission on the Status of Women
UNCT United Nations Country Team
UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDAC. United Nations Disaster Assessment & Coordination
UNDAW Division for the Advancement of Women
UNDMTP United Nations Disaster Management Training Programme
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization, HQ Paris France
UNESD United Nations Economic and Social Development
UNFPA United Nations Population Fund
UNGA United Nations General Assembly
UN-HABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme
UNHC UN High Commissioner
UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNHRC United Nations Human Rights Council
UNICEF United Nations Childrens Fund
UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization HQ
Vienna Austria
UNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for Women
UNISDR = UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction.
http://www.unisdr.org
UNITAR United Nations Institute for Training and Research
UNMIH United Nations Mission in Haiti
UNMOVIC United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection
Commission
UNO United Nations Organization
UNODOC UN Office on Drugs and Crime
UNOH (Not UN) Union of Haitian Educators
UNOPS United Nations Office for Project Service
UNPOL United Nations Police
UNRISD United Nations Research Institute for Social
Development
UNSC UN Security Council
UNSOG United Nations Special Operations Group
UNU United Nations University
UNV United Nations Volunteers
USA = United States of America
USAID United States Agency for International Development
USAR Urban Search and Rescue
USD = US Dollars
USIP US Institute for Peace www.usip.org
UTC = Unit for the treatment of Cholera: A health center, mobile
clinic or hospital that has built a space to treat cholera
patients, or in a tent or ente or in a room of the structure. UTC
is capable of making oral and intravenous rehydration. Capacity
2-20 beds. Opening: at least 12 hours. Staff physician, infimires,
sanitation officer, health worker.
UTX = Unit for treatment of Cholera: a health center, mobile
clinic or hospital alone which has built a space to be able treat
patients cholera, or in a tent or ente or in a house of the
structure. THE UTC is able to make oral rehydration and intravenous
use. Capacity 2-20 beds. Opening: at least during 12 hours. Staff :
doctor, nurses, agent sanitation, health worker
VEDEK Vive Espoir pour le Developpement de Cap-rouge
Volunteers, Guidance from US CDC for Relief Workers and Others
Traveling to Haiti for Earthquake Response.
http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/content/news-announcements/relief-workers-haiti.aspx
VOSOCC Virtual On-Site Operations Coordination Center
VRQ Very Rapid Qualitative Approach
VSLA Village Savings and Loan Associations
VSN Volontaires de la Scurit Nationale
Vulnerability The extent to which a community, structure,
service or geographic area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by
the impact of a particular hazard.
Vulnerability
Probability, based on the intensity at the time the hazard
materializes, that it could cause damage to property, services, and
persons, depending on the levels of exposure and fragility. It
impacts the quality of human life (deaths, injured persons,
victims, displaced persons, psychosocial trauma, etc.),
socioeconomic value, and the environment.
WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
Water catchment An area, often a combination of mountain ranges
and basins, that catches rainfall or snow. Water from rain or
snowmelt is absorbed into the soil and stored in underground
reservoirs, or is fed into a river, aquifer, or lake.
Water vulnerabilities in Haiti.
5. Max Vulnerability:
- Localities supplied from wells and shallow located in areas of
high population density.- Localities with the water table near the
surface and high population density.- Places that draw water
directly superficial (gullies, lakes, rivers ...) in an area of
highpopulation density or downstream of a high density area
population.
4. High vulnerability:
- Localities supplied from shallow wells in an area of low
population concentration.- Localities supplied from surface water
in an area of low population density.- Localities fed from a source
either captured or not captured in an with a protected area very
vulnerable.
3. Average Vulnerability:
- Localities fed from a source uncaptured drains a deep
aquifer.
2. Low vulnerability:
- Localities supplied from wells located in confined aquifer
(deep and with an impermeable layer which separates the saturated
zone of the non-saturated).- Localities fed from a source that
captured drains a confined aquifer.
1. Very Low Vulnerability:
- Localities fed from a catchment area.
WFP World Food Programme, HQ in Rome Italy
WG Working Group
WHO World Health Organisation
WHO/PAHO World Health Organisation/Pan American Health
Organisation
Widows
i. Members of ethnic or socio-economic minorities
j. Landless
k. Computer records which should be part of a larger package of
related information, but some of it has gone missing widows are the
pieces of info left over, without the whole story available.
WINNER The Watershed Initiative For National Natural
Environmental Resources
http://www.usaid.gov/helphaiti/documents/winner_100408.html
WORD Als docs in Microsoft Office Word 2003, unless otherwise
stated
World Heritage Site A designated and protected site of great
cultural significance or a
geographic area of outstanding universal value.
WP Work Package
WP Word Processing
WRC Womens Refugee Committee
WT Water Trucking
WTO World Trade Organization
XL Al Mac abbreviation for Microsoft Excel 2003
YCSD Young Child Survival and Development
Zanmi Lasante Partners in Health
Copies of this collection have been shared with: many
connections via e-mail, Facebook Notes, Haiti Rewired Definitions,
Yahoo Group Haiti Disaster Recovery Research, early editions on
Linked In Group: Haiti Earthquake Disaster Relief.
April 6 launched with 46 Count above
April 29 = 230 Acronyms estimated into 7 pages
May 2 started page 10 (mainly UN break downs added)
May 6 started page 11 (mainly Donor Diversity research)
May 8 now 16 pages (mainly Environmental Glossary additions)
May 28 starts page 25 (mainly Financial Risk perspectives)
Al has been randomly sharing with new contacts.
June up to page 27 (misc. UN cluster stuff)
July 13 it is just over 30 pages input slowed down prior to the
6 month reports
Al Mac has also been maintaining some other reference documents
to support needs of various people seeking to help Haiti, such
as:
Al's Haitian Documents Directory Word (500+ references
downloaded so far)
Glossary of Housing Challenges in Haiti
Haiti Cholera Epidemic
Haiti Election 2010 information (Al stopped following closely
shortly before Cholera Epidemic exploded)
Haiti Transitional Housing Projects Word (Contact info on
outfits installing it & de-mystify Haiti Land Ownership
complications)
Situation Report 2010 May 27 Word (Al Mac version of Haiti
reality)
UN Documents Navigation Guide
Simple in HYPERLINK
"http://talesfromethehood.wordpress.com/2010/09/13/american-culture-104-simple-kind-of-man/"
American Culture.
Info provided by Dr. James Wilson V, MD, Executive Director of
Praecipio International
HYPERLINK
"http://biosurveillance.typepad.com/haiti_operational_biosurv/"
http://biosurveillance.typepad.com/haiti_operational_biosurv/