Acer macrophyllum) Malus sp.

Title: 1401 E. Madison Street Tree Assessment

Seattle, Washington

Prepared for: Ankrom Moisan Architects, Inc.

Attn: Michael Willis

117 South Main Street, Suite 400

Seattle, WA 98104

Prepared by: Christina Pfeiffer

ISA Certified Arborist # PN-0124

ISA Tree Risk Assessment Qualified

Date: March 11, 2015

Contents

Summary

Introduction

Findings and Recommendations

Method of Assessment

Tree Inventory Site Plan

Tree Evaluation Matrix

Qualifications

Assumptions & Limitations

Summary

None of the four trees assessed at this site qualify as an Exceptional Tree as defined in the

City of Seattle DPD Director's Rule 16-2008, either due to their size or to significant structural

defects and potential risk for failure. Two big leaf maples (Acer macrophyllum) and a common

apple (Malus sp.) have significant trunk defects and established decay. The fourth specimen is a

tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima), which due to its invasive roots and brittle wood is an

undesirable species for urban plantings. All four trees are recommended for removal.

Introduction

I met with Michael Willis of Ankrom Moisan Architects, Inc. onsite on March 4, 2015 to

review the 4 trees to be assessed at the 1401 E. Madison property. The purpose of this assessment

was to determine if any of the trees meet the Exceptional Tree as defined in the City of Seattle

DPD Director's Rule 16-2008, tree condition, and if they would be impacted by the proposed work

on the site.

1401 E. Madison Street Tree Assessment

Urban Forestry Services, Inc.

March 5, 2015 Page 2 of 5

Photo 1. Tree #1, Common apple. Two main scaffold limbs are broken, there is established decay in the trunks, and the tree is mostly dead.

The trees are numbered and named on the Tree Inventory Site Plan. The Tree Evaluation

Matrix provides details including species, trunk diameter, drip line radius, condition, maintenance

recommendations, risk of failure, preservation values, and Exceptional status.

Findings and Recommendations

None of the four trees assessed at this site qualify as an Exceptional Tree as defined in the

City of Seattle DPD Director's Rule 16-2008. Due to the species and poor physical conditions,

none of these trees are appropriate candidates for protection and preservation with new

construction.

Tree #1 Common apple, Malus sp.

This tree is near dead. It is

heavily covered in English ivy and two

main leaders have failed in the past. It

overhangs the parking area. Fungal

fruiting bodies are visible 5-feet up the

trunk. There is a high risk of failure in

the trunks showing decay and the trunks

would likely impact the parking area if

they failed. Removal is recommended.




Photo 2. Tree #2, Big leaf maple. There are 7 upright and leaning trunks, with well established decay at the base of several of them.

Photo 3. Tree #2. Established decay at the base of two of the ivy covered trunks.

Tree #2 Big leaf maple, Acer macrophyllum.

This tree is growing on a steep

slope and is heavily covered in English

ivy. The base of the tree lays horizontal

near the top of the slope and is shown

just east of the property line on the site

survey. Seven large trunks are growing

vertically and angled toward the west and

north from the base of the trunk across

the property line.

It appears the multiple trunks may

have grown from the cut stump of a

fallen tree. Well established decay and

hollows are visible at the base of several

of the trunks. The top has broken out of

one of the trunks. Partial or entire trunk

failure would likely impact the parking

lot area.

Given the significant trunk

defects and decay with a moderate to

high likelihood of large trunk failure, this

specimen does not qualify as an

Exceptional tree. Removal is

recommended.




Photo 4. Tree #3, Big leaf maple. This canopy is one-sided from past clearance pruning.

Photo 5. Tree #3. There is extensive dead wood and decay in trunks on the north side of the tree.

Tree #3 Big leaf maple, Acer macrophyllum.

Eight trunks, some with included bark, originate near the base. These appear to be stump

sprouts grown from a previously cut tree. There is well established decay and dieback in several

trunks, and large dead branches in the canopy overhanging the parking area. The top has broken

out of one of the trunks. It has been pruned on one side for clearance with the building on the

adjacent property.

The weak structure of the tightly spaced trunks, along with the extensive dieback and decay

presents a high risk of future limb and/or trunk failure which could impact the parking area. It is

not a good candidate for retention with new construction. Removal is recommended.

Photo 6. Tree #3. There is extensive dead wood and decay near the base of trunks on the west side of the tree.




Photo 6. Tree #4, tree of heaven. This is an invasive and undesirable urban tree species.

Tree #4 Tree of heaven, Ailanthus altissima.

This species is considered invasive and is a

prohibited species for street tree planting in Seattle

due to its invasive roots, brittle wood, and tendency

to sucker. It is of low value for retention with new

construction.

Level 2 Basic Tree Risk Assessment

The methodology to evaluate these trees follows the process and criteria provided in the Tree Risk

Assessment Qualification (TRAQ) training. TRAQ was developed, and is administered, by the

International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) and follows the ISA's Best Management Practices - Tree Risk

Assessment publication.

The Level 2 Basic Tree Assessment is a detailed visual inspection of a tree and its surrounding site,

and a synthesis of the information collected. It requires that a tree risk assessor walk completely around the

tree, looking at the site, buttress roots, trunk, and branches. This basic assessment may include the use of

simple tools to gain additional information about the tree or defects. Defects found in a level 2 Basic Tree

Assessment may require a Level 3 assessment for further testing and analysis.

Tree condition is determined based on visual inspection of the above-ground portions of the trees. Of

particular concern is trunk soundness, tree structure, bud fullness and color, twig length, crown ratio,

density of leaves, evidence of disease-causing bacteria, fungi or virus, deadwood, and dead or broken

hanging limbs.

While no one can predict with absolute certainty which trees will fail and which trees will remain

healthy, by methodical process we can predict those most likely to fail by the conditions observed and take

appropriate action to reduce or eliminate the potential hazard. The time frame for this Level 2 assessment

considers expected conditions and issues over the next year. Because tree conditions change over time,

further assessment may be needed at future points in time.

1401 E. Madison Tree Assessment Site Plan Page 1 of 1

PRESERVATION VALUE SYMBOLS

SPECIAL, UNIQUE SPECIES, SPECIMEN OR FORM. .

HIGH, GOOD QUALITY, CHARACTER TREE.

MODERATE, COMMON SPECIES, FAIR CONDITION.

MAY NEED SPECIAL ATTENTION TO PRESERVE.

LOW, POOR SPECIMEN OR SPECIES. HIGH

MAINTENANCE OR SOME CAUTION IF RETAINED.

HAZARD OR DEAD. TREE IS DEAD OR IN VERY POOR

CONDITION AND SHOULD BE REMOVED.

KEY Tree# / Name / Trunk Diameter

Tree Inventory by Urban Forestry Services, Inc. 15119 McLean Road, Mount Vernon, WA 98273

360-428-5810 Match 6, 2015

#1 Common apple, Malus sp., estimated 16"

#2 Big leaf maple, Acer macrophyllum, 8 trunks:

12, 16, 16, 24, 12, 4, 16, and 13"

#4 Tree of heaven, Ailanthus altissima, 17.7"

#3 Big leaf maple, Acer macrophyllum, 7

trunks: 12.4, 13.2, 11.5, 10.6, 8.7, 9.4, and 6.7"

Standing dead snag.

Info. collected by: C. Pfeiffer

ISA Certified Arborist PN0124,

Tree Risk Assessment Qualified

1401 E. Madison

Tree Assessment

Prepared for: Ankrom Moisan Architects, Inc.

March 4, 2015

Species dbh (in.) Drip Line

Radius

Vigor Struct

ure

Risk of

Failure

Maintenance

Recommendation

Preservati

on value

Exceptional

Designation

Comments/Defects

Common apple,

Malus sp.

estimated

16

3' Poor Poor High Remove None No Tree is mostly dead and deteriorating.

Broken scaffold limbs with epicormic shoots

overhang the parking lot. Decay and fungal

bodies present on main trunks. Failed trunks

and limbs would likely impact the parking lot.

Big leaf maple, Acer

macrophyllum

12, 16,

16, 24,

12, 4, 16,

13

22' Fair-

Good

Poor High Remove None Poor

condition

and risk of

failure

disqualifies

tree.

Weak structure and established decay

present a high risk of future trunk failure

toward the west. Themain trunk is horizontal

with the ground, leaning toward the west, with

8 large vertical trunks rising near the property

line marking. Possibly new sprouts from a

previously cut stump. There is well

established decay at the base of several of

these trunks extending into the main trunk

near ground level. The top has broken out of

one trunk. History of large limb failure.

Big leaf maple, Acer

macrophyllum

12.4,

13.2,

11.5,

10.6, 8.7,

9.4, 6.7

15' Good Poor Moderate Remove None No Most of the trunks have extensive dieback

and incipient decay. Appears to be an old

stump sprout. Dead limbs over 3-inch

diameter in the canopy. History of pruning

on east side for building clearance. Poor

candidate for retention with new construction.

Tree of heaven,

Ailanthus altissima

17.7 15' Good Good Moderate Consider removal Low No Species is considered invasive. Prohibited

species for street tree planting in Seattle due

to invasive roots, brittle wood, and tendency

to sucker.

URBAN FORESTRY SERVICES, INC

Jim Barborinas,Reg. Consulting Arborist #356

ISA Certified Arborist #0135

Page 1

UFS, INC.

15119 McLean Road

Mount Vernon, WA 98273

(360) 428-5810

Tree Assessment Matrix Definitions

Tree Matrix Definitions and Notes February 2015

Page 1 of 2

Urban Forestry Services, INC. 15119 Mc Lean Road, Mount Vernon, WA 98273

(360) 428-5810

DEFINITIONS AND NOTES:

(1) dbh = Diameter at breast height (measured 4.5 ft. above surface grade).

(2) Drip line radius = As defined in Seattle Municipal Code Chapter 25.11, the area around the base of a tree delineated by a vertical line

extending from the outer limit of a tree's branch tips down to the ground. Used to define the basic tree protection area.

(3) Vigor = Health based on size and color of leaf or needle and length of annual shoot growth. Good = Shoot growth, leaf size and leaf color are typical of the tree age and species. Fair = Shoot growth, leaf size, and leaf color are below average for the tree age and species. Some deadwood is evident in the crown.

Treatment may be required to foster improved future growth. Poor = Shoot growth, leaf size, and leaf color are highly stunted, and there is a significant amount of dead twigs and branches in the crown.

(4) Structure = Trunk and branch development and it's estimated susceptibility to failure.

Good = No significant defects evident in the trunk, scaffold limbs, and root flare area. Fair = Minor defects evident. Poor = Significant defects that could lead to future failure of main branches or the entire tree.

(5) Risk of Failure:

Based on a Level 2 Basic Tree Risk Assessment in accordance with the Tree Risk Assessment Qualification training and standards administered

by the International Society of Arboriculture. The time frame for this assessment is one year.

Low = Defect(s) not likely to lead to immanent failure. No further action is required at this time.

Moderate = Tree has established defects with failure being likely or very likely with minor consequences expected. These often have

"retain and monitor" status. Mitigation and other recommended measures may be indicated under "Maintenance Recommendations" in the

matrix.

High = Tree has significant defect(s), and failure is likely or very likely and the consequences are significant or severe. Recommended

mitigation measures and timing are provided under "Maintenance Recommendations" in the matrix.

Extreme = Tree failure is imminent with a high likelihood of hitting the target. This is an emergency situation where immediate action is

needed.

Tree Assessment Matrix Definitions

Tree Matrix Definitions and Notes February 2015

Page 2 of 2

Urban Forestry Services, INC. 15119 Mc Lean Road, Mount Vernon, WA 98273

(360) 428-5810

(6) Maintenance Recommendations Explanation Cable and/or Brace = Cabling and/or Bracing would decrease the potential risk of failure, but not eliminate the possibility. Create Wildlife Snag = Cut danger trees to a lower stable height to serve as wildlife snags, providing perching, nesting, and a source of food for birds and other wildlife. Crown Clean = Selective removal of one or more of the following items: dead, dying, diseased, weak branches, and epicormic shoots from a tree's crown.

Crown Raise = Selective removal of lower branches of the tree in order to provide clearance. Crown Reduction = Reduction in size or height of tree by pruning away height or width. Arborist must be knowledgeable of the ability of the species to sustain this type of pruning. Crown Restoration = Pruning to improve the structure, form, and appearance of trees that have been severely headed, vandalized, or storm damaged. Crown Thin = Selective removal of branches to increase light penetration, air movement, and reduce end weight. Monitor = These are trees of a particular species or condition that may be prone to more rapid decline than other trees. These trees should be inspected at least annually for changing conditions. Remove = The high to extreme risk of failure warrants that the tree shall be removed immediately.

PRUNING NOTE: Pruning shall be performed by an ISA Certified Arborist with proven knowledge and ability, using ANSI A300 Pruning Specifications. The actual work should be bid by companies qualified to do the work. (7) Preservation Value Explanation

LOW = Poor specimen MODERATE = Common species with minimal character. HIGH = Good character tree, save if possible. SPECIAL = Unique species, save if possible.

(8) Exceptional Designation = as defined by the City of Seattle Department of Planning and Development Director's Rule 16-2008.

(9) Comments and Defects::

Codominant trunks = Vertical stems of equal diameter, often with included bark and a weak point of attachment to the main trunk. Decline = Loss of vigor of the entire tree that is typically not reversible. End weight = Accumulation of dense growth at the end of a branch which can lead to structural weakness of the limb. Epicomic shoots = Stem growth originating from dormant buds beneath the bark, commonly in response to injury, stress, or pruning. Included bark = Branch junction where branch bark ridge and bark is imbedded between stems, creating high probability of failure. Live crown ratio = The ratio of the foliage canopy height to the total height of the tree. Trunk taper = Natural broadening in diameter at the base of the main trunk and large scaffold limbs associated with strong structure.

Services Offered SITE ANALYSIS FOR TREE RETENTION DURING DEVELOPMENT -

Inspecting native forests and established landscapes with mature trees for site development to provide tree and vegetation protection specifications, enhancement techniques and on-site construction monitoring for contract compliance. Our goal is to keep trees alive after the contractor leaves.

TREE RISK ASSESSMENT / TREE PRESERVATION - Inspecting mature native and ornamental trees on managed landscapes for hazard condition/preservation and maintenance specifications. Provide a balance of safety and aesthetics for the long term.

URBAN FORESTRY MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY PLANS - Analyzing your community forest and management resources to develop a plan for quality vegetation planting, management, and care. Put your money towards action, not more paper.

PACIFIC NORTHWEST FOREST GREENBELT MANAGEMENT/NATIVE RESTORATION/MITIGATION - Evaluating greenspaces for hazards, health, diversity, aesthetics, and enhancement/management. Protecting our “Sense of Place”.

MAINTAINED PARK AND STREET TREE INVENTORIES - Inspecting and documenting tree populations for their conditions, follow-up replacement, maintenance, and planting specifications. Sustaining trees for safety, health, and functional benefits.

STREET TREE AND LANDSCAPE SPECIFICATIONS, EVALUATION, AND INSTALLATION MONITORING - Pre- and post-landscape installation evaluation for quality, vigor, handling, and planting specification compliance. Plants should be installed right the first time.

APPRAISALS AND RESEARCH - Comprehensive documentation and reports for estimating vegetation value for insurance, expert witness testimony, and depositions.

Providing reasonable monetary value to long established plants too large to replace.

PLANT SPECIES SELECTION AND PROCUREMENT - Recommending, locating, and selecting the right tree, and complementary vegetation, for the right place. There are long-term advantages to install plants that meet professional specifications.

Products Offered URBAN FOREST NURSERY, INC. – Our 32 acre nursery grows and

sells high quality trees for urban streets and landscapes. We focus on tree limb height, good structure, and appropriate forms for street specifications. Specializing in trees that are required for under utility lines and locations with limited heights and widths.

What We Do

We offer professional horticultural consulting on trees and woody vegetation growing in urban areas. Since 1990, our arboricultural services have included risk assessment, inventories, appraisals, enhancement, and management recommendations for all types of urban environments. This includes street trees, park trees, private trees, or native second growth forests that are valued for a wide range of benefits. We specialize in tree protection during development, proper soil preparation and species selection for street tree installation. We also provide management plans for slopes and native restoration plans for disturbed environments. Urban Forestry Services, Inc. provides a full range of urban horticultural services for the benefit of vegetation where we live, work, and play.

Our services concentrate on the specific cultural requirements for growing trees, and woody plants. This includes the appropriate plant for each location, proper soils and adequate volume, maintenance, and the preservation of mature trees planted long ago.

Through our International Society of Arboriculture, American Society of Consulting Arborists, and Tree Risk Assessment Certifications, as well as other sources of expertise, we continually review information and train to offer the most practical and effective solutions to horticultural challenges.

We also appraise plants for their landscape value in cases of litigation or damage estimates. Trees in our cities have changed from being considered nice to have, to necessary for where we live, work, and play. As we work to preserve our environment, we realize there is no more critical habitat than human habitat.

We welcome the opportunity to help meet your urban forestry needs.

Jim Barborinas

Urban Forestry Services, Inc. President/Owner ASCA Registered Consulting Arborist #356 ISA Certified Arborist #PN-0135 Tree Risk Assessor Qualified PNW #327

James M. Barborinas, Principal President and founder of Urban Forestry Services, Inc., in 1990, has worked throughout the Puget Sound Region with large and small communities, landscape architects, engineers, developers, housing authorities, school districts and private citizens on many urban forest issues. He has provided tree evaluations, tree protection specifications, design review, and monitoring for contract compliance for mature and new landscape trees on numerous sites, including several Seattle and King County Housing projects over the last 25 years. He has provided numerous tree assessments and appraisals of trees and vegetation in anticipation of the ongoing Sound Transit projects for the last several years. He has helped to develop Urban Forest Strategy Plans for the communities of Tacoma, Sumner, Mount Vernon, Puyallup, and Marysville. He is the On-call Arborist for several communities including Mount Vernon, La Conner, Stanwood, Newcastle, and Snoqualmie. He has performed thousands of street, park, and forest, tree evaluations for risk assessment, maintenance, and specifications for challenging landscape installation requirements. Jim specializes in providing documentation on trees to be retained near construction activities, and recommendations on how to protect trees and perform work near them while minimizing tree damage.

Project Experience Examples Urban Forestry Services, Inc., Mount Vernon, WA (1990-Current)

Sound Transit and Seattle Monorail- Tree assessments/appraisals along the route.

Seattle Public Housing Authority- Holly Park I, II, and III, Rainier Vista, High Point, Lake City Village, Yesler Terrace. Tree Assessment/Protection Plans, Landscape installation specifications/maintenance review.

King County Housing Authority- Park Lake, Birch Creek, Greenbridge, Seola Gardens, Green River Homes, Vantage Glen, Burndale and Firwood-Tree Assessment/Protection Plans, Landscape installation specifications/maintenance review.

Tacoma Housing Authority- Salishan and Hilltop -Tree Assessment/Protection Plans. Low Impact Development/ tree inventory.

Polygon Northwest Company-High Point, Byrant Heights, Cedar Falls in North Bend. Tree assessments and tree protection consultation.

Snoqualmie, City of- On call for Landscape plan review, installation monitoring, tree protection and general tree consultation.

Bellingham, City of- NVPA’s for developers.

Swift & Company, Inc: (Partial List) Seattle Monorail - detailed evaluation of trees impacted. Discovery Park, Seattle, WA - vegetation assessment, scotchbroom management, revegetation plan. Sound Transit - tree assessment, protection and transplanting on Capitol Hill and University of Washington Campus sites. Bainbridge Island, Winslow - downtown tree assessment for major improvements. General - tree assessment, appraisals, and protection plans.

Hough, Beck & Baird, Inc: (Partial List) City of Kenmore - Urban Forest Strategic Plan. Eddie Bauer Campus Expansion, Redmond - tree evaluation. City of Everett - tree assessment for road improvements.

West Point Sewage Treatment Plant with CH2M Hill: Developing specifications for preventative measures, recommendations, and site restoration work for Discovery Park drilling sites, Landscape installation monitoring for contract compliance. Post Point Sewage Plant, Bellingham, WA, same work as above.

Total Years of Experience: 41Years as UFS Principal: 25

Education:

B.S. Outdoor Resource Management, School of Forestry, Southern Illinois University, IL 1973

M.S. Outdoor Resource

Management, School of Forestry, Southern Illinois University, IL 1978

Professional Registrations:

ISA Certified Arborist, International Society of Arboriculture, since 1991

ISA Tree Risk Assessment

Qualified, International Society of Arboriculture, since 2004

Registered Consulting Arborist,

American Society of Consulting Arborists, since 1997

Danadjieva and Koeing: Tiburon, CA. Environmental Planners METRO'S Secondary Sewage Treatment System at West Point near Discovery Park. Horticultural reconnaissance of Discovery Park hillside for proposed dewatering. Landscape habitat research for design, plant procurement, and installation strategies.

University of Washington: University of Washington Medical Center - tree evaluation and retention services, monitor transplanting of 40” and 50” diameter giant sequoia.

Northwest Trek Wildlife Park: Tacoma, WA, Native landscape plant design, installation, and supervision, present Cat Country, Wetlands, Grizzly Bear fox and Coyote Exhibits, landscape layout, plant procurement, installation supervision.

Lake Washington School District: Tree evaluation and protection plans. Projects include Rose Hill High and Benjamin Rush School in Redmond, International Community School and Belle School in Kirkland, STEM School in King County, and East Lake Sammamish High School in Sammamish, WA.

Mount Vernon, Anacortes, Stanwood, North Bend, Sumner, and other- periodic arboricultural consultation and landscape appraisals.

URBAN FOREST NURSERY, INC.

In addition to providing arboricultural consultation, Jim, and his wife, Annie, also own and operate Urban Forest Nursery, Inc., a 32 acre wholesale tree nursery, in the Skagit Valley, specializing in growing high quality street and landscape trees. Trees are specifically selected and grown for characteristics that compliment the limited planting spaces and adverse conditions typical of urban planting sites today. From his knowledge of growing trees, he is particularly adamant about soil preparation and proper tree selection regarding location, installation and maintenance.

UFN, Inc. trees are sold to brokers and contractors, but also directly to the cities of Seattle, Tacoma, Olympia,

Bellevue, Everett, Mount Vernon, Bellingham, Hoquiam, and others. Trees are also shipped to British Columbia and Alaska. The knowledge and experience of growing hundreds of old and new varieties, provides Jim with valuable information when selecting, planting and maintaining these trees in the landscape. He encourages anyone in the industry to take time to visit the nursery, learn more about the multiple varieties available and understand the importance of diversity of their use in the landscape.

Paul Hans Thompson, Associate Consulting Arborist Paul has been engaged in urban forest management and arboriculture for commercial developments, and both public and private projects for most of his professional career. At Urban Forestry Services, he has worked on appraisals for litigation, tree risk assessments, veteran tree management, tree inventories, tree preservation during construction, and monitoring of soil and landscape construction for non-profit organizations, public housing and schools, transit and utility projects, and commercial and private clients.

Project Experience Urban Forestry Services, Inc., Mount Vernon, WA (2011-Current)

Low Impact Development (LID), Washington State University: Providing training in tree retention during development since 2010, Contributor to the latest manual for LID published by WSU.

City of Mount Vernon, Street Tree Inventory: Tree inventory, including identifying conflicts with infrastructure, tree risk assessment, and maintenance requirements.

San Juan Preservation Trust: Appraisal following tresspass and tree removal on two of the trusts sites.

San Juan County Parks and Recreation: Tree risk assessment, and veteran tree management plan for a new a park on Lopez island.

Whatcom Land Trust: Appraisal following timber tresspass.

Western Washington University: Working on three seperate projects invlovling the replacement of utilities within the campus, includes tree inventory, tree risk assessment, and providing tree protection guidelines

Tacoma Housing Authority: Hillside Terrace demolition and redevelopment, working onbehalf of the THA to ensure trees are potected throughout the redevelopment process.

Skagit Valley Community College: Tree assessment and tree protection assessment, construction monitoring for tree protection, assessing trees and shrubs for transplant suitability.

Polygon NW & Polygon Homes: Tree inventory, risk assessment, tree preservation during construction, presentation at public meetings. Projects include Bryant Heights, LLC, Seattle. High Point, Seattle. Kampp Project, Sammamish and Cedar Falls, North Bend. The Reserve at North Creek, Bothell.

City of Newcastle: Replant monitorting, tree risk assessment, and review of arboricultural reports for city departments.

Sound Transit: Tree Inventory, Evaluation, Appraisal for STN-PCR 081 Northgate, anf Task #1460 for Northgate, PCR 061 Northgate, and South 200th Link extension at SeaTac airport.

King County Housing Authority: Tree inventories, tree preservation during construction, monitoring, including reporting for five redevelopment projects.

Seattle Public Utilities CSO Reduction Projects: Tree Inventory, Evaluation, Appraisal for Genesee, Seward Park, and Henderson project sites.

Lake Washington School District: Tree inventories, tree risk assessment, providing tree protection guidelines, and monitoring tree protection during construction, and reporting for four school redevelopment projects.

Total Years of Experience: 19Years with UFS: 3

Education:

MSc Forestry, College of Forest and Woodland Management, University of Central Lancashire, UK 1998





Registered Consulting Arborist,

American Society of Consulting Arborists, since 2011

PA1 & PA6A Pesticide License,

National Proficiency Tests Council, National Argircultural Centre, Warwickshire, UK, since 1996

Christina A. Pfeiffer, Associate Consulting Arborist Christina has been engaged in landscape management and arboriculture efforts for public landscapes for most of her professional career. Sustainable and efficient landscape techniques are a special area of interest and expertise. At Urban Forestry Services, she has worked on tree inventories, tree preservation plans, monitoring during construction, and general landscape diagnostics for public housing, schools, transit, utility, and other projects. She is also a horticulture educator, providing instruction on pruning, arboriculture, and landscape management at local colleges, professional landscape seminars, garden clubs, and other public programs.

Project Experience Urban Forestry Services, Inc., Mount Vernon, WA (2007-Current)

Sound Transit: Tree Inventory, Evaluation, Appraisal for N112 Brooklyn & Roosevelt; N120 Brooklyn & Roosevelt; N125 Roosevelt; Roosevelt Station; and UW EMI.

King County Housing Authority Birch Creek Apartments and Green River Homes: Tree inventories, tree preservation during construction, monitoring soil preparation and landscape installation, and landscape management recommendations.

Seattle Public Utilities CSO Reduction Projects: Tree Inventory, Evaluation, Appraisal for Genesee, Seward Park, and Windermere project sites.

King County North Beach CSO Control Project: Tree assessment and apraisal, tree preservation during construction.

Washington Park Arboretum, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (1987-2002)

Garden Renovation Project Management: Winter Garden, Sorbus Collection, Azalea Way and Sorbus Collection Drainage Systems, Woodland Garden and Rhododendron Glen Creek and Pond Restoration.

Arboriculture and Mature Tree Management Program. Horticulture Consultant (1986-1990)

Metro Transit Northgate Park and Ride: Landscape design review and landscape management plan.

University of Washington, College of Forest Resources (1984 - 1987)

Analysis of Landscape Design and Maintenance Requirements in Urban Parking Lots: M.S. Thesis, Metro Transit Park & Ride Lots.

Horticulture Soils Report for I-90 Seattle/Mercer Island Highway Lids: consulting project team member with Dr. James Clark.

Total Years of Experience: 36

Years with UFS: 8

Education:

M.S. Urban Horticulture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 1986

B.S. Landscape Horticulture,

Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 1978

Wayne State University, Detroit,

MI, 1976





Licensed Pesticide Applicator and

Public Consultant, Ohio and Washington, 1979-1997

ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITING CONDITIONS

Urban Forestry Services, Inc. 15119 McLean Rd.

Mount Vernon, Washington 98273

1. Limitations of this Assessment This Assessment is based on the circumstances and observations as they existed at the time of

the site inspection of the Client’s Property and the trees inspected by Urban Forestry Services, Inc. and upon information provided by the Client to Urban Forestry Services, Inc. The opinions in this Assessment are given based on observations made and using generally accepted professional judgment, however, because trees and plants are living organisms and subject to change, damage, and disease, the results, observations, recommendations, and analysis took place and no guarantee, warranty, representation, or opinion is offered or made by Urban Forestry Services, Inc. as to the length of the validity of the results, observations, recommendations, and analysis contained within this Assessment. As a result, the Client shall not rely upon this Assessment, save and except for representing the circumstances and observations, analysis, and recommendations that were made as at the date of such inspections. It is recommended that the trees discussed in this Assessment should be re-assessed periodically.

Urban Forestry Services, Inc. shall not be required to give testimony or to attend court by reason of this report unless subsequent contractual arrangements are made, including payment of an additional fee for such services as described in our fee schedule and contract of engagement. Sketches, diagrams, graphs, and photographs in this report, being intended as visual aids, are not necessarily to scale and should not be construed as engineering or architectural reports or surveys.

2. Reaction of Assessment The Assessment carried out was restricted to the Property. No assessment of any other trees or

plants has been undertaken by Urban Forestry Services, Inc. Urban Forestry Services, Inc. is not legally liable for any other trees or plants on the Property except those expressly discussed herein. The conclusions of this Assessment do not apply to any areas, trees, plants, or any other property not covered or referenced in this Assessment.

3. Professional Responsibility In carrying out this Assessment, Urban Forestry Services, Inc. and any Assessor appointed for

and on behalf of Urban Forestry Services, Inc. to perform and carry out the Assessment has exercised a reasonable standard of care, skill, and diligence as would be customarily and normally provided in carrying out this Assessment. The Assessment has been made using accepted arboricultural techniques. These include a visual examination of each tree for structural defects, scars, external indications of decay such as fungal fruiting bodies, evidence of insect attack, discolored foliage, the condition of any visible root structures, the degree and direction of lean (if any), the general condition of the tree(s) and the surrounding site, and the current or planned proximity of property and people. Except where specifically noted in the Assessment, none of the trees examined on the property were dissected, cored, probed, or climbed and detailed root crown examinations involving excavation were not undertaken.

While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the trees recommended for retention are healthy, no guarantees are offered, or implied, that these trees, or all parts of them will remain standing. It is professionally impossible to predict with absolute certainty the behavior of any single tree or group of trees, or all their component parts, in all given circumstances. Inevitably, a standing tree will always pose some risk. Most trees have the potential to fall, lean, or otherwise pose a danger to property and persons in the event of adverse weather conditions, and this risk can only be eliminated if the tree is removed.

Without limiting the foregoing, no liability is assumed by Urban Forestry Services, Inc. or its

directors, officers, employers, contractors, agents, or Assessors for:

• any legal description provided with respect to the Property; • issues of title and or ownership respect to the Property; • the accuracy of the Property line locations or boundaries with respect to the Property; and • the accuracy of any other information provided to Urban Forestry Services, Inc. by the Client or third parties; • any consequential loss, injury, or damages suffered by the Client or any third parties, including but not limited to replacement costs, loss of use, earnings, and business interruption; and • the unauthorized distribution of the Assessment.

The total monetary amount of all claims or causes of action the Client may have as against

Urban Forestry Services, Inc. including but not limited to claims for negligence, negligent misrepresentation, and breach of contract, shall be strictly limited to solely to the total amount of fees paid by the Client to Urban Forestry Services, Inc. pursuant to the Contract for Services as dated for which this Assessment was carried out. Further, under no circumstance may any claims be initiated or commenced by the Client against Urban Forestry Services, Inc. or any of its directors, officers, employees, contractors, agents, or Assessors, in contract or in tort, more than 12 months after the date of this Assessment.

4. Third Party Liability This Assessment was prepared by Urban Forestry Services, Inc. exclusively for the Client.

The contents reflect Urban Forestry Services, Inc. best assessment of the trees and plants on the Property in light of the information available to it at the time of preparation of this Assessment. Any use which a third party makes of this Assessment, or any reliance on or decisions made based upon this Assessment, are made a the sole risk of any such third parties. Urban Forestry Services, Inc. accepts no responsibility for any damages or loss suffered by any third party or by the Client as a result of decisions made or actions based upon the use of reliance of this Assessment by any such party.

5. General

Any plans and/or illustrations in this Assessment are included only to help the Client visualize the issues in this Assessment and shall not be relied upon for any other purpose.

This report and any values expressed herein represent the opinion of Urban Forestry Services, Inc. Our fee is in no way contingent upon any specified value, a result or occurrence of a subsequent event, nor upon any finding reported.

The Assessment report shall be considered as a whole, no sections are severable, and the Assessment shall be considered incomplete if any pages are missing. The right is reserved to adjust tree valuations, if additional relevant information is made available. This Assessment is for the exclusive use of the Client.

Acer macrophyllum) Malus sp.

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