Accounting Information Systems Romney

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2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing,Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-1

ccounting!n"ormation

Systems9th#$ition

%arshall B& Romney

Paul 'ohn Steinbart


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ccounting !n"ormation

Systems( n )*er*ie+

hater1


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.earning )becti*es

1& #lain +hat an accounting in"ormationsystem !S is an$ $escribe the basic"unctions it er"orms&

2& iscuss +hy stu$ying the $esign an$management o" an !S is imortant&

3& #lain the role laye$ by the !S in acomany4s *alue chain an$ $iscuss +ays thatthe !S can a$$ *alue to a business&

5& escribe an$ contrast the basic strategiesan$ strategic ositions that a business cana$ot&


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!ntro$uction( S6S !nc&

Scott Parry an$ Susan 7on8ale8 "orm

S6S, !nc&, to sell consumer electronic

$e*ices& Parry an$ 7on8ale8 $eci$e to ursue a

clic:s an$ bric:s; strategy&


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2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing,Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-=

!ntro$uction( S6S, !nc& >hat tyes o" imortant $ecisions $o

Scott an$ Susan ha*e to ma:e?

Ho+ to organi8e their accountingrecor$s

Ho+ to $esign a set o" roce$ures to

ensure that they meet all o" their

go*ernment obligations

Ho+ to rice their ro$ucts


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2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing,Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-@

!ntro$uction( S6S, !nc&

>hether to eten$ cre$it, on +hat terms, an$ho+ to accurately trac: +hat customers o+e

an$ ha*e ai$Ho+ to hire, train, an$ suer*ise their

emloyeesHo+ to :ee trac: o" cash "lo+s

hat "unctionality to ro*i$e on their +ebsite

!mortant $ecisions, continue$


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2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing,Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-

!ntro$uction


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2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing,Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-C

Learning Objective 1

#lain +hat an accounting

in"ormation system !S is an$$escribe the basic "unctions it

er"orms&


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>hat !s n !S?

system is a set o" t+o or more interrelate$comonents that interact to achie*e a goal&

Systems are almost al+ays comose$ o"smaller subsystems, each er"orming a seci"ic"unction suorti*e o" the larger system&

n accounting in"ormation system !Sconsists o"(Peole

Proce$uresataSo"t+are !n"ormation technology in"rastructure


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>hat !s n !S?

>hat imortant "unctions $oes the !S

er"orm in an organi8ation?

1 !t collects an$ stores $ata about

acti*ities an$ transactions&

2 !t rocesses $ata into in"ormation that

is use"ul "or ma:ing $ecisions&

3 !t ro*i$es a$eAuate controls tosa"eguar$ the organi8ation4s assets&


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iscuss +hy stu$ying the

$esign an$ managemento" an !S is imortant&


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>hy Stu$y !S?

!n Statement o" Dinancial ccounting

oncets Eo& 2,


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>hy Stu$y !S?


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>hy Stu$y !S?


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2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing,Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-1=

>hy Stu$y !S?

u$itors nee$ to un$erstan$ the

systems that are use$ to ro$uce a

comany4s "inancial statements&


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2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing,Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-1@

>hy Stu$y !S?

)ne o" the "astest gro+ing tyes o"consulting ser*ices entails the $esign,selection, an$ imlementation o" ne+

ccounting !n"ormation Systems& sur*ey con$ucte$ by the !nstitute o"

%anagement ccountants !%in$icates that +or: relating to accounting

systems +as the single most imortantacti*ity er"orme$ by cororateaccountants&


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!n"ormation


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2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing,

Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-1C


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Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-19


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Dactors !n"luencing

esign o" the !S

Organizational

CultureStrategy

Information

Technology

AIS


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#lain the role laye$ by the !S in a

comany4s *alue chain an$ $iscuss

+ays that the !S can a$$ *alue to abusiness&


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Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-2=


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Accounting Information Systems, 9/e, Romney/Steinbart 1-2@


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Ho+ n !S an $$ Galue


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Ho+ n !S an $$ Galue


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!n"ormation an$

ecision %a:ing

>hat is in"ormation?


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ata Eee$s Dor cti*ities

"esource #vent

Agent

Agent

Inventory Sale

Customer

Sales

Cash PaymentCashier

Supplier

$eneric #%ample

Sales Transaction

Payment to Supplier


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!n"ormation an$ ecision

%a:ing

Characteristics of &seful Information

&nderstandable

'erifiable

Timely"elevant

"eliable

Complete


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!n"ormation an$

ecision %a:ing >hat is $ecision ma:ing? ecision

ma:ing in*ol*es the "ollo+ing stes(

1& !$enti"y the roblem&

2& Select a metho$ "or sol*ing the roblem&

3& ollect $ata nee$e$ to eecute the $ecision

mo$el&

5& !nterret the oututs o" the mo$el&

=& #*aluate the merits o" each alternati*e&

@& hoose an$ eecute the re"erre$ solution&


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!n"ormation an$

ecision %a:ing

ecisions can be categori8e$ as

"ollo+s(

F in terms o" the $egree o" structure thateists

F by the scoe o" the $ecision


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ecision Structure

Structured decisionsare reetiti*e,

routine, an$ un$erstoo$ +ell enough

that they can be $elegate$ to lo+er-le*el emloyees in the organi8ation&

n eamle is(

#ten$ing cre$it to customers&


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ecision Structure

Semistructured decisionsarecharacteri8e$ by incomlete rules "orma:ing the $ecision an$ the nee$ "orsubecti*e assessments an$u$gments to sulement "ormal $ataanalysis&

n eamle is(Setting a mar:eting bu$get "or a ne+

ro$uct&


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ecision Structure

Unstructured decisionsare

nonrecurring an$ nonroutine&

n eamle is(hoosing theco*er "or a

maga8ine&


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ecision Scoe

ecisions *ary in terms o" the scoe o"their e""ect&

Operational controlis concerne$ +ith thee""ecti*e an$ e""icient er"ormance o"

seci"ic tas:s& Management controlis concerne$ +ith the

e""ecti*e an$ e""icient use o" resources "oraccomlishing organi8ational obecti*es&

Strategic planningis concerne$ +ithestablishing organi8ational obecti*es an$olicies "or accomlishing thoseobecti*es&


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escribe an$ contrast the basic

strategies an$ strategic ositions that a

business can a$ot&


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!n"ormation


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!n"ormation


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!n"ormation


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Strategy an$

Strategic Positions

T(o )asic Strategies

To be a lo(er*cost producer than competitors

To differentiate products and servicesfrom competitors


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Strategy an$

Strategic Positions

Three )asic Strategic Positions

'ariety*based strategic position

+eed*based strategic position

Access*based strategic position


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Strategy an$

Strategic Positions

>hat role $oes the !S lay in heling

organi8ations a$ot an$ maintain a

strategic osition?F ata collection about each acti*ity

F


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>hat is the Galue

o" !n"ormation?


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1-5C


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2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing, 1-59

End of Chapter 1

Accounting Information Systems Romney

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