Accessible Tourism the Tourism without Barriers in Architecture and Tourism Design

ACCESSIBLE TOURISM THE TOURISM WITHOUT BARRIERS INARCHITECTURE AND TOURISM DESIGNBy, EKO NURSANTYDept. of Architecture; UNTAG University, Semarang, INDONESIA

International Conference, March 4-5, 2013Planning In The Era Of Uncertainty

University of Brawijaya, Malang – Indonesia.

Abstract The growth of people because of elderly in the world today.

The market represents an opportunity for new investment and new service requirements.

Modern society is increasingly aware of the concept of integration of people with disabilities

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Background The high level of human health, today. The varying approaches taken to defining disability notwithstanding, demographers agree that the world population of individuals with disabilities is very large.

Research shows that disabled people are loyal customers, often returning to places that provide good accessibility.

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Definition A disability may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory, emotional, developmental or some combination of these.

A disability may be present from birth, or occur during a person's lifetime.

Disabilities

covering impairme

ntsactivity limitati

onsparticipation

restrictions

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The Fact

Currently around 10 per cent of the total world's population, or roughly 650 million people, live with a disability. In most of the OECD countries, females have higher rates of disability than males. (http://www.disabled-world.com)

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Population

Woithout dissabilityDissability

Disabled Tourist To Be Accessible Tourism

According to ENAT (European Network for Accessible Tourism), the European Network for Accessible Tourism, accessible tourism includes:• Barrier-free destinations: infrastructure and facilities

• Transport: by air, land and sea, suitable for all users

• High quality services: delivered by trained staff• Activities, exhibits, attractions: allowing participation in tourism by everyone

• Marketing, booking systems, web sites & services: information accessible to all

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Tourism System Theory One of the most of commonly cited approaches to tourism system study was proposed who identified that they are composed of five interdependent elements are : at least one tourist; at least one tourist region; at least one transit region; at least one tourist destination and

at least a travel and tourism industry that facilitates movement within the system.

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tourist

region

transitdestination

movement

The Tourism Industry A generation of permanently disabled people is getting increased opportunities of equal employment, education and leisure, the needs for disabled tourists are also being taken notice of.

There is already an established tourism market for senior citizens. People with disabilities have the same motivation to travel

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Photo: . The Okurayama Viewing Point is one of Sapporo's most famous sightseeing spots. by, Hokkaido.

Model of Tourist Model tourist are identified as being influenced by the human, socio cultural, economic, technology, physical, political and legal environments in which they are operating.

Model

Tourist

Human

Socio Cultural

Economic

Technology

Political

Legal Environm

ents

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Tourist Facility Accessibility refers to how easy it is for everybody to approach, enter and use buildings, outdoor areas and other facilities, independently, without the need for special arrangements.

Providing information on accessibility and improving access benefits a wide range of people who want to travel.

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Disable sign board at Asakusa Kannon Temple is a Buddhist temple located in Asakusa. By, Asa.

Accessibility needs in Tourism

Barrier-free

destinations

Suitable Transpor

t

High quality services

Activities

allowing participation

Accessible

Information

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According to ENATHarris Beach State Park, Brookings, Oregon. Accessible boardwalk created with wheelchair ramps. By, JoeDuck (2012)

Tourist Experience Of People With Disabilities

Leisure, tourism and disability studies are interdisciplinary, each with their own particular theoretical foundations. Even though all three fields were an integral part of this multidisciplinary research project that involved a highly experiential approach.

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Theoretical foundationsKapiti Island coast accessible beach, wheelchair ramp, Paekakariki, Wellington, New Zealand. By, Akos Kokai (2012)

Tourist Experience Of People With Disabilities

Implementing basic adjustments to a facility, providing accurate information, and understanding the needs of disabled people has resulted in an increased number of visitors . Improving the accessibility of tourism services increases their quality and their enjoyment for all tourists.

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Understanding the needs of disabled people

Mount Koya (Koyasan) Center of Shingon Buddhism, Japan. By, Nara.

The Process by Experience and Recount the Lives Reference by Paul Ricoeur's (1984) treatise on life and narrative helps elucidate the process by which people experience and recount their lives and stories.

Reference by Ricour (1984), once events and human action or activities in a person's life are shaped or configured into a comprehensible plot or narrative, the person is then able to refigure his or her own world in light of the possibilities offered by experiencing the world of the text

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Tourism In The Leisure Of People With Disability Leisure and tourism are key aspects of many societies in which people with or without disabilities should have the freedom to participate. Clearly it is not only environmental factors or the person's impairment that affect the experience.

Attitudes, sense and feelings are intangible factors that nevertheless can have a tangible influence or significant role in the constant interplay between the inner and outer world of the tourist

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The inner and outer worlds of the disabled tourist. By, Darcy (2011)

Case Study-Heritage Sites

The polemic context focuses on conservation within heritage settings as well as adopting an inclusive disability centered approach.

Notions of authenticity form the conservational parameters, in terms of recommending caution to heritage bodies as to potential irreversible infringements on historic settings when considering improving disabled access to sites.

Prior to investigating the ideological clash between disability and conservation, it is important to offer an explanation of what constitutes disability and how it is regarded by various quarters.

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The PolemicDisable route for whellchair at Asakusa Kannon Temple is a Buddhist temple located in Asakusa

The Authenticity Of The Location And Eligibility For Disabled Facilities The essence is investigates how a consensus may be reached between conservational ideologies and the emancipation of disabled people.

The formulation of a paradigm is therefore proposed whereby the interests of both conservational and inclusive ideologies are carefully considered.

This paradigmatic intervention would ensure a compromise is reached and, in the context of disability-orientated changes to heritage sites, would ensure a level of acceptability in terms of associated conflicts between societal inclusion ideologies and conservation.

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Accessible yurt in Pinery Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada. By, Cletch (2012)

ConclusionAccessible tourism is a form of tourism that involves collaborative process between stakeholders that enables people with access requirements, including mobility, vision, hearing and cognitive dimension of access, to function independently and with equity and dignity through the delivery of universally designed tourism products, services and environments.

Access mobili

ty

• stakeholders enable people with access requirementsAcce

ss vision

• stakeholders enable people with access requirements

Access

hearing

• stakeholders enable people with access requirementsCogniti

ve dimension of access

• stakeholders enable people with access requirements

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universally designed tourism

products, services and environments

.

To fun

ction

them

indepe

ndentl

y

Conclusion Travel as a metaphor for the journey of self knowledge also resonates with the metaphor of recovery as a journey of experiencing healing that moves the self beyond the stasis of depression. In this study women draw upon gendered discourse to articulate their recovering identity in relation to travel experiences.

• Self knowledge

The journey

• Experience healing

The journey • self

beyond the stasis of depression

The journey

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Conclusion Travel as narrative of escape from gendered expectations of home, travel as a pleasurable form of risk taking and travel as quest for a purposeful identity beyond deficit and depression. However, the specifics of universal design within tourism require quite detailed approaches to understand the way spaces and places are used. An understanding of the nuances of universal approaches for accessible tourism is a necessary precursor to any move to operationalise the concept for the tourism industry.

escape

pleasurable

purposeful

identity

Universal

Design for the SPACE NEEDS

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Conclusion Any work that seeks to establish the nuances of universal design in relation to tourism is important because of the conceptual state of the current literature. Yet in related fields such as architecture, universal design is a well developed body of knowledge, which is used to create enabling environments for all types of embodiments. (Baucom & Grosch, 1996)

enabling environments for

all types of embodime

nt

conceptual state

establish the

nuances of

universal design

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