ACBS June 19 th , 2014 Immune-Spectrum Disease and Repetitive Thought in Female Veterans Elizabeth A. Mullen-Houser, Ph.D., Susan K. Lutgendorf, Ph.D., Michelle A. Mengeling, Ph.D., James C. Torner, Ph.D., Brian L. Cook, D.O., Brenda M. Booth, Ph.D. , Anne G. Sadler, Ph.D. 1
Immune-Spectrum Disease and Repetitive Thought in Female Veterans Elizabeth A. Mullen-Houser, Ph.D., Susan K. Lutgendorf, Ph.D., Michelle A. Mengeling, Ph.D., James C. Torner , Ph.D., Brian L. Cook, D.O., Brenda M. Booth, Ph.D. , Anne G. Sadler, Ph.D. ACBS June 19 th , 2014. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ACBS June 19th, 2014
Immune-Spectrum Disease and
Repetitive Thought in Female Veterans
Elizabeth A. Mullen-Houser, Ph.D., Susan K. Lutgendorf, Ph.D., Michelle A.
Mengeling, Ph.D., James C. Torner, Ph.D., Brian L. Cook, D.O.,
Brenda M. Booth, Ph.D. , Anne G. Sadler, Ph.D.
1
THE CENTER FOR
Comprehensive Access &Delivery Research and
Evaluation
2
Background Overview
1. Stress and Health 1.1 Stress and health overview
1.2 Stress and health in female veterans
2. Repetitive Thought2.1 Perseverative Cognition Hypothesis2.2 Dimensions of repetitive thought
3. Inflammatory disorders4. Maladaptive repetitive thought and
inflammatory disorders
3
1.1 Stress and Health (Background)
Poorer health with chronic stress Prolonged presence of threat or
perception of threat (Miller et al., 2007)
Immune dysregulation in stressors lasting more than one month (Kiecolt-Glaser et al., 2002)
time to wound healing in caregivers (Kiecolt-Glaser et al.,1995)
4
1.2 Stress and Health in Female Veterans (Background)
17% of Reserve and National Guard (Department of Veteran Affairs, 2007)
Military sexual trauma (Sadler et al., 2001)
79% harassed, 36% assaulted 60% with PTSD Perpetrated by coworkers
75% of inflammatory disorders occur in women, often during childbearing years (NIH, 2005)
People say and do many different things when they feel distressed. Please indicate whether you never, sometimes, often, or always think or do each one when you feel distressed. Please indicate what you generally do, not what you think you should do.
1. Think “What am I doing to deserve this?”
2. Think “Why do I always react this way?”
3. Think about a recent situation, wishing it had gone better.
4. Think “Why do I have problems other people don’t have?”
5. Think “Why can’t I handle things better?”
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Sample
N=665
OEF/OIF-era Reserve and National Guard (RNG) women
Five Midwestern states (IA, IL, MO, KS, NE)
Computer-based telephone interview
Response rate 70%
13
Sample
Mean age=37.9 (SD=10.4) 16.4% report inflammatory disease
diagnosis Ethnicity %:
American Indian 0.3 Asian 1.5 African American or Black 15.9 Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 0.5 Caucasian 79.5 More than One Race 0.8 Other 1.5
14
Sample: Trauma
97% reported a lifetime history of trauma exposure Higher than previous reports in female
veterans and civilians
14.8% met criteria for PTSD Similar to other reports in female veterans (10-
19%) Bean-Mayberry et al., 2011
15
Maladaptive Repetitive Thought and Physical Disease: Hypothesized Model
PhysicalDisease
InflamatoryDisorder
Prevalence
FunctionalDisability
MaladaptiveRT
16
Maladaptive Repetitive Thought and Physical Disease: Hypothesized Model
PhysicalDisease
Reexperiencing
Avoidance
Arousal
InflammatoryDisorder
Prevalence
FunctionalDisability
MaladaptiveRT
PosttraumaticStress
Symptoms
MRTx
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms
17
Maladaptive Repetitive Thought and Physical Disease: Hypothesized Model
PhysicalDisease
Reexperiencing
Avoidance
Arousal
Smoking Alcohol Use Sleep
InflammatoryDisorder
Prevalence
FunctionalDisability
MaladaptiveRT
PosttraumaticStress
Symptoms
MRTx
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms
Maladaptive Repetitive Thought and Physical Disease: Hypothesized Model
PhysicalDisease
Reexperiencing
Avoidance
Arousal
Smoking Alcohol Use Sleep
InflammatoryDisorder
Prevalence
FunctionalDisability
MaladaptiveRT
DepressionChildhood
Trauma
PosttraumaticStress
Symptoms
MRTx
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms
Greater Maladaptive Repetitive Thought Related to Less Physical Disease