ACADEMIC INTEGRITY When Honesty IS the Best Policy Kimberly Armstrong Silcox, J.D. University Judicial Officer Eastern Connecticut State University.

ACADEMIC INTEGRITYACADEMIC INTEGRITY

When Honesty When Honesty ISIS the the Best PolicyBest Policy

Kimberly Armstrong Silcox, J.D.Kimberly Armstrong Silcox, J.D.University Judicial OfficerUniversity Judicial OfficerEastern Connecticut State Eastern Connecticut State

UniversityUniversity

What is Academic Integrity?What is Academic Integrity?

Being honest in your academic work , Being honest in your academic work , assuring that everything you identify assuring that everything you identify as your own work actually is. as your own work actually is.

Often, students get into trouble Often, students get into trouble through lack of understanding and through lack of understanding and proper caution.proper caution.

ECSU Student Rights and ECSU Student Rights and ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

Academic Misconduct – including all forms of Academic Misconduct – including all forms of cheating and plagiarism. Academic misconduct cheating and plagiarism. Academic misconduct includes but is not limited to providing or includes but is not limited to providing or receiving assistance in a manner not authorized receiving assistance in a manner not authorized by the instructor in the creation of work to be by the instructor in the creation of work to be submitted for academic evaluation including submitted for academic evaluation including papers, projects and examinations; and papers, projects and examinations; and presenting, as one’s own, the ideas or words of presenting, as one’s own, the ideas or words of another person or persons for academic another person or persons for academic evaluation without proper acknowledgement.evaluation without proper acknowledgement.

ProcedureProcedure

If a faculty member accuses a If a faculty member accuses a student of academic misconduct, the student of academic misconduct, the faculty member may :faculty member may :

file a Judicial Complaintfile a Judicial Complaint Enter a grade of “F” for the work or Enter a grade of “F” for the work or

for the coursefor the course

Disciplinary HearingDisciplinary Hearing

Hearing or informal meeting may be Hearing or informal meeting may be heldheld

If the student is found responsible, If the student is found responsible, he/she faces possible suspension or he/she faces possible suspension or expulsion from the University and all expulsion from the University and all CSU System Universities.CSU System Universities.

How can I avoid academic How can I avoid academic misconduct?misconduct?

LEARN WHAT CONSTITUTES LEARN WHAT CONSTITUTES CHEATING AND PLAGIARISM!CHEATING AND PLAGIARISM!

CheatingCheating

Intentionally using or attempting to Intentionally using or attempting to use unauthorized materials, use unauthorized materials, information or study aids in any information or study aids in any academic exercise.academic exercise.

Examples of CheatingExamples of Cheating

Working with other students on Working with other students on projects without permission of faculty projects without permission of faculty membermember

Using another student’s materials Using another student’s materials when not authorizedwhen not authorized

Using unauthorized materials when Using unauthorized materials when taking a testtaking a test

Using a “Ringer”Using a “Ringer” Using a “Stooge”Using a “Stooge”

Examples of Cheating, ContinuedExamples of Cheating, Continued

Turning in stolen or previously Turning in stolen or previously prepared test as test taken in classprepared test as test taken in class

Changing answers or grades on testsChanging answers or grades on tests Copying from work submitted by Copying from work submitted by

others in previous semestersothers in previous semesters Using an “expert” to prepare workUsing an “expert” to prepare work

PlagiarismPlagiarism

Plagiarism is the intentional use of Plagiarism is the intentional use of ideas, words or statements of ideas, words or statements of another person as one’s own without another person as one’s own without acknowledgement.acknowledgement.

Examples of PlagiarismExamples of Plagiarism

Using a paper from a Paper MillUsing a paper from a Paper Mill Using material from Internet Sites Using material from Internet Sites

without citationwithout citation Improper citationImproper citation Improper paraphrasing without citationImproper paraphrasing without citation Improper summarizing without citationImproper summarizing without citation Faking a citationFaking a citation

When Should You Cite?When Should You Cite?

Is it your original idea?

Yes No

No need to Cite Is the information Common Knowledge?

No

Yes

No Need to Cite

Must use proper Citation

ExamplesExamplesTaken from Taken from The Plagiarism Handbook The Plagiarism Handbook by by

Robert Harris (2001)Robert Harris (2001)

When quoting a phrase, the author must When quoting a phrase, the author must be identified.be identified.

An expert in the field of psychology has An expert in the field of psychology has referred to it as “the absence of referred to it as “the absence of personal attribution”. (Sherwood, 1995, personal attribution”. (Sherwood, 1995, p. 354)p. 354)

““Survival of the fittest” was seen to be Survival of the fittest” was seen to be a way of explaining evolution. (Darwin, a way of explaining evolution. (Darwin, 1884, p. 32)1884, p. 32)

Parts of sentences must also be cited.Parts of sentences must also be cited.

Michael Treacy (1995) has indicated Michael Treacy (1995) has indicated that successful businesses “can no that successful businesses “can no longer raise prices in lockstep with longer raise prices in lockstep with higher costs…” (p.9)higher costs…” (p.9)

When quoting complete sentences, it When quoting complete sentences, it is best to identify the author in front of is best to identify the author in front of the material that is being summarized, the material that is being summarized, ending with the page number after the ending with the page number after the quote.quote.

Carmichael (1998) suggest that Carmichael (1998) suggest that cycling is one of the most popular cycling is one of the most popular sports in America:”The total number of sports in America:”The total number of cyclists who exercise regularly is cyclists who exercise regularly is estimated at more than 50 million.” estimated at more than 50 million.” (p.4)(p.4)

Longer material should be identified Longer material should be identified by an indented block quotation.by an indented block quotation.

In emerging adulthood theory (Arnett, In emerging adulthood theory (Arnett, 2000), the period between ages 19 2000), the period between ages 19 and 25 is one of exploration:and 25 is one of exploration:

Emerging adulthood is distinguished by Emerging adulthood is distinguished by relative relative independence from social roles and independence from social roles and from formative from formative expectations. Having left the expectations. Having left the dependency of dependency of childhood and childhood and adolescence, and having not yet adolescence, and having not yet entered entered adulthood, for emerging adults, this is a adulthood, for emerging adults, this is a time of time of independent exploration. independent exploration. (p.469)(p.469)

Even if summarizing material, mark the Even if summarizing material, mark the beginning of the summary to identify beginning of the summary to identify where the author’s ideas are being where the author’s ideas are being used.used.

The transition between childhood and The transition between childhood and adulthood is often described merely as adulthood is often described merely as adolescence. However, Arnett (2000) adolescence. However, Arnett (2000) proposes a distinct period of time which proposes a distinct period of time which he names “emerging adulthood”, a time he names “emerging adulthood”, a time when young adults start to gain when young adults start to gain independence. (p.469) independence. (p.469)

Improper ParaphrasingImproper Paraphrasing

Lack of appropriate quotationsLack of appropriate quotations

Source: As with a typical superhero, Source: As with a typical superhero, Judge Robertson thought it his duty Judge Robertson thought it his duty not only to establish justice but to not only to establish justice but to wreak equity. Smith, 2000, p. 345.wreak equity. Smith, 2000, p. 345.

Paraphrase: Judge Robertson felt duty-Paraphrase: Judge Robertson felt duty-bound not only to labor for justice bound not only to labor for justice but to wreak equity (Doe, 2000 p. but to wreak equity (Doe, 2000 p. 345).345).

Improper ParaphrasingImproper Paraphrasing

Using too many words and phrases from the Using too many words and phrases from the originaloriginal

Source: In a typical search strategy, Boolean Source: In a typical search strategy, Boolean operators can be used to control both the operators can be used to control both the scope of the search and the required scope of the search and the required proximity of search terms. The operator OR proximity of search terms. The operator OR expands the search by allowing the return expands the search by allowing the return of documents containing either search term, of documents containing either search term, while the operator AND restricts the search while the operator AND restricts the search by requiring both terms to be present in the by requiring both terms to be present in the document.document.

Paraphrase: When searching, you Paraphrase: When searching, you can use can use Boolean operators to Boolean operators to control the scope of the search control the scope of the search and and how near each other the search how near each other the search terms are. For example, terms are. For example, the the operator OR expands the search operator OR expands the search by by returning all returning all documents documents containing either search term, containing either search term, while while AND restricts the search by AND restricts the search by requiring both terms to be requiring both terms to be present.present.

Appropriate ParaphrasingAppropriate Paraphrasing

According to John Smith (2000), using According to John Smith (2000), using the appropriate forms of Boolean logic the appropriate forms of Boolean logic can allow the searcher to “control both can allow the searcher to “control both the scope of the search and the the scope of the search and the required proximity of search terms.” required proximity of search terms.” The word OR produces a hit (a matched The word OR produces a hit (a matched document) when either term is present, document) when either term is present, while AND produces a hit only when while AND produces a hit only when both terms are matched in a document.both terms are matched in a document.

Sources:Sources:

Harris, Robert A. (2001). Harris, Robert A. (2001). The Plagiarism Handbook The Plagiarism Handbook . Los . Los Angeles: Pryczak Publishing.Angeles: Pryczak Publishing.

Kibler, William L., Nuss, Elizabeth M., Paterson, Brent G., Kibler, William L., Nuss, Elizabeth M., Paterson, Brent G., Pavela, Gary (1988). Pavela, Gary (1988). Academic Integrity and Student Academic Integrity and Student Development: Legal Issues and Policy ProceduresDevelopment: Legal Issues and Policy Procedures. College . College Administration Publications, Inc.Administration Publications, Inc.