ABSTRACTS Conference chairman Ahmed Adel Abdulazim Secretary General Nabil Abdel Ghany
ABSTRACTS
Conference chairman Ahmed Adel Abdulazim
Secretary General Nabil Abdel Ghany
4th
International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
LIST OF ORALS
[1] University Industry Partnership
Saad El-Raghy
[2] Protection of boilers from corrosion and scale forming
Aly El- Ghannam
[3] Boiler chemical cleaning (water side) Aly El- Ghannam
[4] Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in cooling water containing chloride and sulfate ions
Amr Ahmed Elsayed and Yehia Mohamed Elshazly
[5] Corrosion Failure Analysis of Old Boiler Blow Buried Steel Tanks
Mohamed Ahmed Khalil
[6] Corrosion Inhibition - Efficient Also Under High Flow?
Günter Schmitt
[7] Fascinating Role of Surfactants in Corrosion Inhibition in Petroleum Industry
Ahmed Al-Sabagh
[8] Corrosion Inhibition for Acidizing Oil Wells
N.A. Abdel Ghany, M.F. Shehata, R.M. Saleh and A A. El Hosary
[9] Solving Downhole Plugging Problem by Injecting Tetrakis Hydroxymethy Phosphonium Sulphate (THPS)
Maamoun Mohamed Tawfik Khattab, Moamen Said Mohamed Yehia,
Mohamed Ibrahim Hegazy and Hosny Ismail Youssif
4th
International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
[10] Effect of acetic acid concentrations and CO2 on corrosion behaviour of carbon steel pipelines
Ahmed .M. El-Aziz, H. Hussein and Dina Essam
[11] Optimum Treatment of Oil Field Produced Water towards Inhibition of Pipeline Corrosion and Safe Injection in Oil Formation
Gamal Khedr
[12] Residual analysis of Scale Inhibitors in Oil Field: Why?
A A. El Hosary N.A. Abdel Ghany, M.F. Shehata
[13] Corrosion problems in Natural Gas Industry
Mohamed El Daoushy
[14] Tribocorrosion mechanisms in thermally sprayed and laser deposited coatings on stainless steel and titanium alloys
Peter A OLUBAMBI
[15] Corrosion control through organic coatings
Abd El Aziz Gomaa
[16] Properties and Corrosion Behaviour of Composite Electroless Ni-B-SiC Coatings
Panayota Vassiliou, Elsa Georgiza and Venice Gouda
[17] Aluminium coatings for corrosion protection applications
S. Zein El Abedin, …………..
[18] Microstructural modifications induced by a corrosion inhibitor admixed to reinforced mortar samples E. Volpi, S.P. Trasatti and D.A. Koleva
[19] Corrosion by iron ore of the tank top platting of bulk carriers –a laboratory approach
4th
International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Panayota Vassiliou, ………..
[20] The Anticorrosion Effect of Ni- RGO -TiO2 nanocomposite coating on mild steel in neutral environment
Kh. El-Sayed, Taher A. Salah Eldin, Z. Abdel Hamid and H. B. Hassan, M.W.Khalil
[21] Effect of overheating on the performance and properties of 9%Cr Heat Resisting steel
Randa Abdel-Kari, Taha Mattar, Mohamed Ismail, Mohamed K. El Fawkhry and Saad El-Raghy
[22] Corrosion resistant improvement of 316 L Stainless steel surface by plasma
oxidation
Saad Ghareba, ArashShahryari, LeronVandsburger, Philippe Jeanty, Sylvain Coulombe and Sasha Omanovic
[23] Enhancement of corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys via hard anodizing
Omar E. Abdel-Salam, Madiha A. Shoeib and Hagar Ashour Elkilany
[24] Electrochemical behavior and corrosion prevention of selected industrial materials
Rabab M. El-Sherif
[25] Electrochemical Behavior of an Electrode Metallic Wire during Electrical Discharge Machining
A. DAIMELLAH, R. L’HADDAD, Y. BENMERADI and F. HELLAL
[26] STUDY OF THE CORROSION MECHANISM OF IRON ARTEFACTS IN SOIL
E. Baužytė, S. Grassini, E. Angelini, D. Fulginiti, M. Parvis, N. Schiavon, V. Gouda and P. Vassiliou
4th
International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
[27] DYNAMIC LASER CLEANING FOR CORROSION PRODUCT REMOVAL
M. Hrnjic, E. Angelini, S. Grassini, M. Parvis, L. A. Angurel, R. Lahoz, X. de la Fuente, N. Schiavon and F. Porcelli
[28] Anti-tarnishing Lacquer for Preservation of Copper, Brass, and Bronze Architectural Work
Ashok Mohanty, S. K. Tiwari, T. Mishra and S. Chakravarty
[29] Multidiscipline cathodic protection system for sites of complex facilities
Saher Shawki
[30] Cathodic protection design for complex network
Ashraf Abd El-Baseer Ali
[31] A Study of Induced Voltages and Currents on Metallic Pipelines Neighbor to HV.T.L
Ahmed A.Hossam-Eldin and Ahmed Wahba
[32] Corrosion threats and in services planning and mitigations
Alaa Ahmed Abdelaziz
[33] Investigation of Cathodic Delamination by Using Different Types of Organic Coating on Steel Substrate
Nagi. Alsahabi and Issa Ali
[34] On-stream Inspection techniques to evaluate integrity of plants
Carlo Blasi and Giovanna Gabetta
[35] Cases Study for Corrosion in Heat Affected Zone of Carbon Steel
Mazen Mahmoud Mohamed
4th
International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
[36] Corrosion Failure Analysis in Thermal Power Plants and Petroleum Industries
I.M. Ghayad, S. M. Mohamed and N.N. Girgis
[37] Fatigue Failure of 316 Stainless Steel welded tubes
Khalifa Abouswa
[38] Failure analysis of a ball valve in 12”crude oil offshore Pipeline
Medhat A. Hegazi, Sherif M. Anwar, Rawia M. Hammouda and Mohamed A. Taha
[39] The influence of temperature on the performance of morpholine methylene phosphonic acid (MMPA) as scale inhibitor in oil field water
Abubaker Elayatt, Elfitouri Ahmied Mohamed
[40] Stress Corrosion Cracking Of 316 Stainless Steel Plates Of Heat Exchanger
S. A. Khodi and H. Abdel-Aleem
ORAL ABSTRACTS
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
1
University Industry Partnership Saad El-Raghy
Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University
Abstract UNISPAR term was coined by UNESCO 1986 standing for university - industry science
partnership; a program to encourage the three parties to join effort in developing countries.
An active relation between university and the industry is very important and results in
mutual benefits. The author has participial in good number of projects financed by the
industry as well as national and international organizations. This presentation will give
examples of this cooperation showing their benefits for both sides.
The first and more important project is "20 years cooperation between Cairo University and
EgyptAlum". It started as an MIT-Cairo University project through "Technology Adaptation
Program" , followed by University Linkage Program. This phase was useful for academia
and industry to formulate common language. Aluminum Company of Egypt wanted to
develop their Soderberg Reduction Cells and voted for local venture with Cairo University
team. The development work at the university ended with the basic design of the
prebacked cell through mathematical modeling of the electromagnetics, heat transfer,
stress analysis and electrochemistry of the cell. The company took over to the following
phases of detailed design, manufacturing and operation of the cell. The new cell proved to
have higher productivity, less power consumption and better working environment. Seven
scientific publications and 6 thesis came out of this project.
Another example of partnership was financial by the Academy of Science to look at the
needs of Egypt of types of special steels. This project included a market survey and making
two selected types of special steel. Laboratory facilities were added at Cairo University.
Also three M.Sc thesis and publications were additional fruits of this work.
A team of the university as well as specialists of the industry actued as consultant for the
National Bank of Egypt to evaluate a major thin slab casting and rolling of steel mill. The
Bank needed this study to decide financing the project.
These examples are few of many projects carried out and were a win-win formula for both
industry and university.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
2
Protection of boilers from corrosion and scale forming
Aly El- Ghannam
Abstract Existence of some impurities in boiler feed water leads to corrosion and scale
formation. These impurities are oxygen, carbon dioxide, dissolved solids, and
suspended solids. If these dissolved gases are not removed before entering the
boiler they will cause serious damage to the boiler equipment. In addition the rate of
corrosion increases when some dissolved solids such as these include chloride and
sulfate ions enter or be concentrated in boiler.
Dissolution of iron increases in acidic medium leads to metal loss. When the pH is
raised it precipitate forming deposits which increases the corrosion and lead to
rupture of boiler tubes due to thermal stress.
The steam that produced from the boiler may contain harmful gases and its
tendency to dissolve metal increases. The acidic property of this steam is more
than boiler water so it is more corrosive.
Boiler may be out of service for a short or long time so it must be preserved to
protect it from corrosion.
From the previous we deduce that to prevent boiler corrosion and scale forming we
have to
-Conditioning metal surface with nonporous magnetite layer.
-Conditioning the corrosive environment and that means to treat corrosive gases,
prevent formation of scale and put the boiler in proper conditions.
-In case that the boiler is in storage we have to preserve it with effective chemicals
and method.
We will discuss the effective methods to protect boiler from corrosion and scale
forming by applying suitable chemicals.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
3
Boiler chemical cleaning (Water side)
Aly El- Ghannam
Abstract In definite and specific condition we have to take the decision to perform a boiler
chemical cleaning process. Although chemical cleaning is effective it is neither risk
free nor simple.
A decision tree or logic diagram for help make clean decision can be developed by
creating a series of questions and response that lead to the decision to clean or not
to clean. The sequence f question may vary from to unit.
The chemical cleaning process consists of a series of operations which must be
known not only for the team who apply but also for the team who follow up the
process.
Laboratory studies must be done before starting the operations. These studies must
be done to determine the deposit chemical structure and calculate its quantity. The
choice of the suitable chemicals and conditions studies must be done. Another
study such as metallurgic study is important to make the process more successful.
Here we will define and explain the occasions requiring chemical cleaning ,the
steps and laboratory activities required to follow up.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
4
Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in cooling water containing
chloride and sulfate ions
Amr Ahmed Elsayeda, Yehia Mohamed Elshazlyb
a Corrosion Engineer at Egyptian Projects Operation and Maintenance (EPROM),
Alexandria, Egypt.
Email: [email protected]
b Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria
University, Egypt.
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
This work studies the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in chloride and sulfate
solutions. These ions usually exist in industrial cooling water and can cause severe
corrosion. The inhibition effect of many corrosion inhibitors falls because of the
presence of these ions in the cooling water. In this study, the inhibition effect of
molybdate-nitrite corrosion inhibitor was improved by increasing the stability of the
protective layer formed over the steel surface. It also designs a corrosion inhibitor
mixture for carbon steel in various environments containing up to 1000, 2000 ppm
(wt) of NaCl and (NH4)2SO4 respectively at pH 5 and matches with the
environmental limits. It also acts against MIC, hence reduces the required biocides
for cooling water treatment. The effect of the corrosion inhibitor components and
the effect of environmental parameters on corrosion inhibition were studied. As
usually used in industry, the coupons weight loss technique was used. The
corrosion inhibitor was tested at various velocities, concentrations and
temperatures. A corrosion inhibition of 99.33% was delivered. The experiments
use the factorial experimental design to find the interactions among a three
components corrosion inhibitor. The best combination that reduces corrosion and
meets the environmental limitations was used as a starting point for the one-factor-
at-a-time approach to study the effect of each component individually on the carbon
steel corrosion and find the local minimum in corrosion rate. Various combinations
of the corrosion inhibitor components are introduced according to the required cost,
environmental limitations and corrosion inhibition required.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
5
Corrosion Failure Analysis of Old Boiler Blow Buried Steel Tanks
Dr. Mohamed Ahmed Khalil
Raslanuf Oil and Gas processing company.
Corrosion Engineering Spicalist
Technical Services Department
P.O.Box 2323 Tripoli
00218-91-3804797 & 00218-924084797
E-mail :[email protected]
Abstract
Corrosion Failure analysis has been conducted, on buried steel boiler blow down
tanks (20-Q-33A/B). All available documents concerning tanks materials, original
coating technical specification, construction, design and operating temperatures,
historical inspection results have been reviewed, evaluated and presented. Internal
external and visual inspection and potential measurements have been performed,
in order to evaluate, the old tanks corrosion existing, condition and to conduct the
necessary remedy corrective action. The inspection obtained results, revealed that,
both tanks have been extremely, subjected to stray current corrosion, from the
utility plant existing underground cathodically protected structures. The investigation
revealed that, both tanks, have been severely corroded, especially at tank heads
which found to be, completely deteriorated. Both tanks have been individually
replaced, by new ones, with same construction material. A suitable portative
coating system has been selected, and recommended to be applied at the
manufacture. A separate new cathodic protection system, has been designed,
installed and commissioned, all commissioning data has been recorded, evaluated
and presented. Periodical monitoring program has been fixed, and carried out using
periodical potential measurements, by using of both portable and permanent
reference-electrodes. The obtained results of more than 10 years were recorded,
interpreted, presented and revealed that, both new tanks, are externally adequately
cathodically protected.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
6
Corrosion Inhibition - Efficient Also Under High Flow?
Günter Schmitt
IFINKOR - Institute for Maintenance and Corrosion Protection Technologies
Kalkofen 4, D-58638 Iserlohn, Germany
Abstract
In many industries the application of corrosion inhibitors is vital for failure prevention. Although
added in only tiny concentrations they can provide enormous protection in many technical corrosion
systems. Generally, corrosion inhibition is characterized as a heterogeneous interface/interphase
process in which inhibitor molecules interact with surface atoms and by that reduce the rate of
corrosion reactions. The intensity of interactions (physisorption, chemisorption) with free metal
surfaces and surfaces of corrosion product scales (and other scales) has been subject to numerous
scientific investigations mainly focussing on structure-efficiency relationships. However, it has been
realized in recent years that corrosion inhibitors can be active not only by adsorption on solid
surfaces but also within the corrosion medium when it comes to flow.
It was shown that corrosion inhibitors can influence the flow dynamic properties of liquids and
decrease the friction (wall shear stress) between solid surfaces and flowing media, thus reducing the
risk of flow induced localized corrosion (FILC). For a long time the mechanism of this effect was an
open question. It was found that inhibitors can increase the critical wall shear stress for the initiation
of FILC. In systems which form protective films or scales (this is the case in most aqueous corrosion
systems except highly acidic and some highly alkaline systems) FILC is initiated by a crack/spall
mechanism of the protective scale. However, it became obvious that wall shear stresses
encountered in technical flow systems are orders of magnitude too small to provide the fracture
stresses needed to crack protective scales by hydrodynamic forces.
The newly developed “Freak Energy” approach offers a solution for this problem. It assumes that
high-energy near-wall turbulence elements create freak events which impinge the surface vertically
with forces higher than the fracture stress of scales. It was proved that corrosion inhibitors can
reduce the impact energy of such freak events significantly below the fracture stress of scales thus
preventing initiation of FILC. Mechanistically this is explained by flow-induced concentrating of
inhibitor molecules in or near the viscous sublayer of the turbulent boundary layer causing a cushion
effect for impinging near-wall turbulence elements. Structure/efficiency relationships for inhibiting
and drag reducing compounds are discussed.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
7
Fascinating Role of Surfactants in Corrosion Inhibition in
Petroleum Industry
Ahmed Al-Sabagh
Abstract:
Surface active agents (surfactants) play an important role in the corrosion
inhibition of different types of steel alloys in all corrosion problems in
petroleum industry. The ability of surfactants to reduce the surface and the
interfacial tension put them in a superior position to apply in petroleum
industry. Different type of surfactant is used as corrosion inhibitor in all
petroleum processing. Quaternary polyvinyl heterocyclic compounds have
been described as useful corrosion inhibitors particularly in acid systems. In
some cases, the nonionic surfactants were used alone or in mixtures with
cationic or anionic surfactants to make the inhibitor more tolerance
against high salt concentration in the formation water. The corrosion inhibition
effect of surfactants can be attributed to the strong adsorption ability of
surfactant molecules onto the reactive sites of the metal surface, preventing the
supply of the aggressive ions to the surface. The surface active properties and
thermodynamic parameters of surfactants could be used as indicator for
corrosion inhibition efficiency of surfactants as corrosion inhibitors. A lot of
papers and patents derived us to service the petroleum sectors in area of
corrosion inhibition.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
8
Corrosion Inhibition for Acidizing Oil Wells N.A. Abdel Ghany, M.F. Shehata, R.M. Saleh and A A. El Hosary
Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Acidizing is a common job in both new and old oil and gas wells. In new wells acids
are forced into the pore spaces of the rock formation, dissolving them, enlarging the
existing flow channels and open new ones to the wellbore. In old wells it is used for
the removal of scale deposits which cause plugging the porosity of the formation
containing oil and/or gas and decreasing the production of the wells. Formation of
deposits on production equipments is also major problem, causes corrosion, flow
restriction and production decline.
The majority of acidizing treatments utilize HCl at high concentrations and high
temperatures. To avoid the acid attack on the metallic surface, highly effective
corrosion inhibitors are needed for this process.
In this paper, tow inhibitors formulations have been investigated for the inhibition of
mild steel in 15 and 20% HCl solutions at 65 and 90°C. One of these formulations is
composed mainly from coal tar distillation product (CTDP) and the second from the
aqueous extract of Ginger. The corrosion inhibition effectiveness was measured
from the weight loss of the steel coupons after immersing in the acid solution for 6
hours. The results showed decrease of corrosion rate (CR) and increase the
inhibition efficiency (Inh. Eff.) with increasing the concentration of the two inhibitors.
In 15% HCl, The lowest CR values given by CTDP are 0.112 and 1.365 g/dm2,
respectively, at 65 and 90°C. The corresponding blank CR values are 8.162 and
14.02 g/dm2, and the maximum Inh. Eff. values are 98.6 and 90.3%. Ginger extract
formulation achieved 99.3 and 96%, respectively at 65 and 95°C. No significant
change in the efficiency of the two formulations has been obtained with increasing
the HCl concentration to 20%.
The results have been compared with those obtained with commercial currently
used inhibitors and it is found that the two formulations are more effective.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
9
Solving Downhole Plugging Problem by Injecting Tetrakis Hydroxymethy Phosphonium Sulphate (THPS)
*Maamoun Mohamed Tawfik Khattab, *Moamen Said Mohamed Yehia, *Mohamed Ibrahim Hegazy, *Hosny Ismail Youssif
Qarun Petroleum Company (QPC), Cairo, Egypt
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Abstract
Yomna field is one of Qarun petroleum company fields, it has 18 producing wells.
All of them are artificial (ESP/SRP) and most of these wells have a downhole
plugging problem due to precipitation of iron sulphide at the pump intake. The
reasons behind the presence of the iron sulphide is the reservoir souring due to the
sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) and increasing the iron count gradually in the
reservoir due to sour corrosion of well tubing and recycling of produced water to
reservoir through water flood system. Recorded consequences of reservoir souring
include production loss, failures of surface production flow lines, and in addition to
resume production, workover is required to clean downhole plugging and/or surface
flow line rehabilitation/replacement. Three choices were available to solve this
problem; (1) to inject nitrate to overcome reservoir souring, (2) to inject Acrolein to
control reservoir souring, and (3) to inject THPS to dissolve the iron sulphide and
kill SRB at well downhole and surface facilities. Last choice has been selected and
applied. The obtained results were very good; increase in productivity and decrease
in failure frequency.
Keywords: THPS, iron sulphide, SRB, Acrolein, nitrate, reservoir souring, corrosion,
downhole plugging.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
10
Effect of acetic acid concentrations and CO2 on corrosion behaviour of carbon steel pipelines
Ahmed .M. El-Aziz1,2, Dina Essam1
Ahmed .M. El-Aziz1,2
, H. Hussein3, Dina Essam
1
1German University in Cairo, Materials Science Department, 11835 New Cairo, Egypt
2Department of physical chemistry, National Research Center, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
3Engineering for the Petroleum and Process Industries Enppi, 11361 Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
The influence of acetic acid concentrations and CO2 on the corrosion behaviour of
carbon steel pipelines X52 was investigated. The corrosion behaviour was studied
at temperature 80 °C with different acetic acid concentrations ranging from (250,
500, 1000 ppm) using electrochemical techniques and weight loss measurements.
The microstructure was investigated after each test. The current study showed that
in the weight loss method the corrosion rates were directly proportional with
increasing in acetic acid concentration except for 500ppm. Similar results have
obtained from electrochemical measurements, whereas, the corrosion rates
significantly dependent on the concentration of acetic acid. The proposed corrosion
mechanism is called “direct reduction” of acetic acid. The acetic acid is reduced at
the metal surface according to the following reaction, in addition to the reduction of
hydrogen ions typical for all acids.
2HAC + 2e- → H2 + 2AC-
This mechanism has been supported by the change in the solution pH value and
the high corrosion rate of steel with increasing the concentration of acetic acid.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
11
Optimum Treatment of Oil Field Produced Water towards Inhibition of Pipeline Corrosion and Safe Injection in Oil Formation
Prof. Dr. Gamal Khedr
Consultant of Water Desalination/Treatment, Ministry of Water & Electricity, Saudi Arabia
Abstract Severe localized corrosion of pitting and crevice types was detected on the internal surface
of the C-steel pipelines which transmit the treated oil field produced water (OFPW), for
several tens of kilometers, to the point of reinjection in the oil formation in order to enhance
the oil productivity.
OFPW is a highly polluted wastewater stream, the most important in the oil industry at a
much higher rate than the oil itself. Its treatment by the conventional (injection of O2
scavenger /coagulation/settling/media filtration) in the Suez Gulf was reported to be
insufficient and would lead, upon injection, to blocking of the porous structure of the oil
formation
Site inspection revealed the formation of thick grey black biofilm of a strong hydrogen
sulfide smell on the internal pipe wall and of solid scales on the well casing and pipelines.
Analysis showed the deterioration of the produced water quality by increase of content of
organics, suspended solids, iron compounds and other minor pollutants.
The biofilm had a strong bacterial count mainly of the anaerobic sulfate reducing bacteria
(SRB). Upon drying, ignition, acid digestion analysis showed a high percent by weight of
iron and sulfur, a remarkably high concentration of radioactive isotopes U238 and Ra226 & 228
and heavy metals ( HMs), at much higher concentrations than the traces in the Gulf water.
SRB was confirmed to induce microbial corrosion of steel and deposition of HMs and
radioisotopes through enzymatic reduction during anaerobic respiration
Upon comparative investigation of several techniques the proposed process of “intermittent
chlorination/coagulation/nanofiltration” of OFPW efficiently rejected the sulfate, which is the
material of anaerobic respiration and hardness scale deposition. NF rejected also efficiently
the radioisotopes, and HM cations and polished the removal of organics, bacteria, and
suspended solids. This process inhibited the formation of scales, accumulation of biomass,
corrosion of pipelines as well as the related undesirable phenomena. It, therefore, resulted
in a high quality PW for safe injection or the other environmental, agricultural or industrial
reuse purposes.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
12
Residual analysis of Scale Inhibitors in Oil Field: Why?
A A. El Hosary N.A. Abdel Ghany, M.F. Shehata,
Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Residual analysis of corrosion and scale inhibitors and other additives is commonly
carried out in oil fields to ensure the effectiveness of these additives at different
conditions or travel through fluids. In the present paper, the residual analysis of
scale inhibitor has been carried out as a part of study case of scale-induced failure
of pump in an oil field.
The laboratory measurements confirmed the visual inspection of the broken parts of
the pump. The water contains high concentrations of Ca cations and bicarbonate
anions, indicating high tendency of CaCO3 deposits. This is in agreement with the
analysis of the collected scale, which is mainly CaCO3.
On the other hand, the residual analysis showed measurable amounts from the
constituents of the scale inhibitor. This discrepancy has been discussed in view of
the interaction mechanisms of scale inhibition. Finally, it has been concluded that
the measurement of the residual of one constituent of inhibitor formulation is not
satisfied. Also, correlation of the residual analysis with the inhibition action is highly
needed.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
13
Corrosion problems in Natural Gas Industry
Dr Mohamed El Daoushy
Oil , Gas Technolgy & Industry Consultant
Ministry of Industry& Foreign Trade
Abstract
This paper deals with the corrosion problems encountered in some Egyptian gas
integrated industries starting from gas field production operations (offshore and
onshore) and ending with gas processing and petrochemicals production.
Daoushy Natural gas Model (DNG Model) deals with hydrocarbon wet &dry sour
and sweet natural gas types which are liable to contain corrosive constituents ,e.g.
CO2,H2S,Hg,chlorides,etc.. Some examples are given from different natural gas
reservoirs from Egypt Mediterranean offshore, Western desert, North Nile Delta and
Suez Gulf fields in addition to some North Sea and Arab Gulf Gas fields .
Construction materials for engineered equipment, pipelines and gas handling
equipments have to deal with all types of produced natural gases containing
corrosive contaminants and how to counteract their deleterious effects.
Corrosion mitigation processes include the utilization of corrosion resistant alloys,
corrosion inhibitors, application of surface coatings and cathodic protection in
addition to operational process control. Some applied corrosion control techniques
are highlighted.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
14
Tribocorrosion mechanisms in thermally sprayed and laser
deposited coatings on stainless steel and titanium alloys
Peter A OLUBAMBI
1Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg
2Institute for NanoEngineering Research, Tshwane University of Technology,
Pretoria
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
Stainless steels and titanium based alloys find enormous use in many engineering
applications. The demands for quality control on stainless steels and titanium based
components being used in many heavy engineering sectors and the emerging
technological innovations are however very stringent and are critical to their safe
and efficient usage. Of particular interest, the corrosion and wear responses of the
surfaces of these materials have become more important with the continuous
development of science and technology. In order to improve and extend the service
lives of the components made of these alloys, global efforts are currently being
tailored on exploring possible different tribological and corrosion resistant coating
formulations with multifunctional properties. Recent studies done in our research
group on understanding the metallurgical interactions during thermal spray and
laser materials deposition of tungsten carbide and chrome carbide based coatings
and titanium-nickel-zirconia based smart coatings on the surfaces of stainless
steels and titanium as well as the responses of the coatings under the synergistic
actions of wear and corrosion in chloride, sulphate and simulated mine water
environment are given in this presentation.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
15
Corrosion control through organic coatings
Dr. Abd El Aziz Gomaa
(Consultant)
Abstract
Paints are found everywhere, refrigerator, furniture, coating of electrical wire,
houses, car, ship, bridges, tanks…
Paints are defined as liquid, paste, or powder coating materials which enable
optically opaque coating to be produced with decorative, protective and if necessary
also specific technical properties.
The main components of paints are binders, pigments, solvents and additives.
Paints & coatings reflect economic development of a country. The global demand
for paints and coatings is rise by ≈ 4 % annually with total sales of $132.3 billion
(2014), by 2015 the industry is expected to be worth 142 billion dollars.
Sales of solvent based paints & coatings are falling; the target is limiting the VOC
(volatile organic compounds).
Technical innovations remains a priority in the coating industry, where complying
the regulations is mandatory.
The challenges facing the industry include environmental rules and regulations
threats of substitutes. More challenges are reducing cost, improving the
performance with fulfilling strict legal requirements.
Corrosion can seriously damage a substrate. Corrosion costs about 3 % of GDP.
Cost of corrosion estimated to exceed $ 1 trillion in the United States in 2013.
Different mechanisms are used by paints for corrosion control, like barrier coating,
using inorganic inhibitive pigments, sacrificial pigments or using special types of
binders.
Corrosion of substrates undercoating takes place in stages; early detection will
permit correction of the problem, thereby preventing ultimate failure.
The future of paint industry is for high solids paints, water based paints, powder
coatings. Smart or “intelligent” coatings are used for many applications. These
coatings refer to the concept of coatings able to sense their environment and make
an appropriate response to the stimulus.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
16
Properties and Corrosion Behaviour of Composite Electroless Ni-
B-SiC Coatings
Panayota Vassiliou1, Elsa Georgiza1, Venice Gouda2
1School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece
Email: [email protected]
2National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
The study of electroless Ni-B coatings is pursued in order to obtain deposits on
metal substrates with advanced properties such as high microhardness and
corrosion resistance for particularly demanding engineering uses. In the present
study, composite Ni-B coatings enhanced with SiC microparticles on a steel
substrate were prepared using the method of electroless plating. Structure
characterization was performed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis,
where the amorphous structure, typical for this kind of coatings was revealed.
Surface morphology was studied under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in
order to draw conclusions concerning the dispersion and incorporation of SiC
particles in the Ni-B matrix and how they affect surface roughness measured by a
profilometer. Vickers microhardness tests were performed in order to demonstrate
the notable increase in microhardness compared with the bare substrate and even
with other electroless coatings, such as Ni-P coatings prepared in previous works.
Furthermore, Tafel electrochemical tests in 3.5% NaCl(aq) were carried out in order
to evaluate how the ceramic microparticles and the amorphous structure affect the
behaviour of coatings in the corrosive medium. The results indicate, that improved
deposits are obtained capable to withstand very demanding applications where high
microhardness along with resistance to corrosion is a prerequisite.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
17
Aluminium coatings for corrosion protection applications
S. Zein El Abedin1 and F. Endres2
1Electrochemistry and Corrosion Laboratory, National Research Centre, El Behoth St. 33, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
2Institute of Electrochemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Str. 6, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
Abstract
In this paper we report on the electroplating of steel by adherent aluminium layers
in ionic liquids. The increase of interest to use aluminium and its alloys in the car
industry makes aluminium coating onto steel surface a hot topic of great
importance. This is to avoid galvanic corrosion resulting from the direct connection
between aluminium and steel. Moreover, coating of steel by thin layers of
aluminium can improve its corrosion resistance. Due to their extremely large
electrochemical windows, more than 5 volts, ionic liquids give access to the
electrodeposition of metals, especially the elements that were only accessible from
high temperature molten salts, such as Al, Ta and rare earth metals. The main
challenge for the adhesive coatings is the proper surface pretreatment prior to Al
deposition. Our results show that a combination of degreasing, etching, plasma
treatment and electrochemical etching in the ionic liquid is a prerequisite for an
adhesive and well protecting Al coating. With this pretreatment the subsequent
deposition of Al leads to well adhering Al layers, protecting the steel surface
underneath from corrosion.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
18
Microstructural modifications induced by a corrosion inhibitor
admixed to reinforced mortar samples.
E. Volpiº, S.P. Trasattiº, D.A. Koleva
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
º University of Milan, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Milano, Italy
TU Delft, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Materials and Environment,
Delft, The Netherlands
Curtin University of Technology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Perth, WA, Australia
Abstract
Microbial induced deterioration of reinforced concrete structures, although being less
studied then other degradation mechanisms, is recognised to be a serious issue strongly
affecting the durability and service life of structures such as sewer systems, waste water
treatment plants and animal housing. In such environments the deterioration mechanism is
mainly related to bacteria involved in the sulphur cycle, i.e., Sulfate Reducing Bacteria
(SRB) and Sulphur Oxidizing Bacteria (SOB), being H2S and H2SO4 the products of their
metabolism respectively. H2SO4 plays a major role in the deterioration mechanism affecting
both the cementitious matrix (leading to the formation of gypsum and secondary ettringite)
and the reinforcing bars (onset of corrosion process).
A novel hybrid organic/inorganic additive based on porous hydroxylapatite micro particles
loaded with a corrosion inhibitor (methylene blue dye) was synthesized and admixed in
three different concentrations to the cementitious paste during the casting of reinforced
mortar samples. Part of the samples were then partially immersed into a diluted sulphuric
acid solution simulating a bacterial environment, while the remaining part was immersed in
tap water aiming to have a reference case. EIS spectra were regularly recorded over time
during a 5 months conditioning period, and significant changes were detected in the
electrochemical response, especially in the frequencies attributed the cementitious matrix.
How the hybrid additive affects the properties of the cementitious matrix was furthermore
investigated by means of compressive strength testing, hydration rate, mercury intrusion
porosimetry measurements and ESEM observations. All these results were successfully
correlated to the previously mentioned electrochemical responses.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
19
Corrosion by iron ore of the tank top plating of bulk
carriers-a laboratory approach
Panayota Vassiliou1, Irene Hourmouzi1, Th. Argyropoulos1, Venice Gouda2, K.
Ritsakis3
1School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece Email: [email protected]
2National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt 3Ka-Energy, Greece
Abstract
Two types of iron ores have been studied for their corrosion effects on the tank top
plating of bulk carriers in corrosion simulation conditions in the laboratory. The ores
porosity and subsequently their capability in absorbing the environmental humidity
affects the corrosion of the steel plates of the bulk carriers. One type of the iron ore,
with provenance from Australia, has been left in relative humidity of 90% in the
presence of steel plates-specimens and the corrosion rates of steel after 7 months
total exposure was calculated. Steel specimens in similar humidity conditions have
also been tested to compare to the previous ones. The corrosion of steel plates by
the iron ore is severe pitting corrosion on its surface, caused by the differential
aerated cells created by the ore powder and the absorbed environment humidity on
the steel plates. The laboratory exposure did not include any added chlorides
during the measurements, which would have increased the pitting corrosion in real
sea conditions. The tank top plating of the bulk carriers is not protected by organic
coatings, thus, it is imperative to remove the iron ore dust between cargo loading
trips to eliminate the possibility of corrosion advancing during the working life of the
bulk carrier.
Keywords: Bulk Carriers, Seawater, Iron Ore, Top Plating Corrosion
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
20
The Anticorrosion Effect of Ni- RGO -TiO2 nanocomposite coating
on mild steel in neutral environment
Kh. El-Sayed.a,d, Taher A. Salah Eldinb, Z. Abdel Hamidc, H. B. Hassand,
M.W.Khalild
a,b Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials Central Lab (NAMCL), Agriculture
Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
c Corrosion Control and Surface Protection Laboratory, Central Metallurgical R&D
Institute, CMRDI, P.O. Box 87, Helwan 11421, Cairo, Egypt
d Faculty of science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Author Email:[email protected]
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide - nanoparticles anatase (RGO-TiO2) nanocomposite was
prepared via hydrothermal method. In this method graphene oxide (GO) was
reduced to RGO simultaneously with anatase (TiO2) growth in situ on the RGO
sheet surface. The fabricated composite has been used as a protective coating for
mild steel used in grain silos. The resulting RGO-TiO2 nanocomposite was
characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), High resolution transmission electron
microscope (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier
transform infrared (FTIR). RGO-TiO2 nanocomposite was coated on mild steel
specimens by the electrodeposition technique from Ni bath solution producing Ni-
RGO-TiO2 composite coatings. The coating film was characterized using field
emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray
(EDX). Moreover, the composite coatings were subjected to different
electrochemical and mechanical tests to evaluate its corrosion behavior and
hardness compared with pure Ni coating. The results demonstrate a good corrosion
resistance for the composite coating electrodes compared with pure Ni coating.
Different operating conditions for the plating process were optimized to obtain Ni -
RGO-TiO2 composite coating with the best corrosion resistance and high hardness.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
21
Effect of overheating on the performance and properties of 9%Cr Heat Resisting steel
Randa Abdel-Karim1, Taha Mattar2, Mohamed Ismail3 , Mohamed K. El
Fawkhry2, Saad El-Raghy 1) Cairo Petrochemical Industries Company, Cairo, Egypt
2) Central Metallurgical R&D Institute (CMRDI), P. O. Box 87 Helwan Cairo Egypt 3) Metallurgical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt
Abstract Chromium alloyed steel is used for the manufacturing of chemical industries
applications in general and petrochemical industries in particular where the high
temperature operation tubes are made of these grades. Chromium tube steel for
high temperature applications were evaluated for the failure during operation due to
overheating. Samples from damaged tube due to overheating, as well as reference
sample from the delivered tube before usage were studied in terms of chemical
composition, dimension instability and deviation due to overheating, hardness
values, macro and microstructure where optical and scanning electron microscope
(SEM) investigations were employed and wear abrasion behavior. The predicted
phases at high temperature were studied using dilatometer and thermocalc
software. Corrosion performance of as received as well as heat treated samples
was conducted in 3.5% NaCl electrolyte using potentiodynamic testing. The
obtained results showed that there are changes and deviation in macro and
microstructure, composition, dimensions and properties of studied damaged
samples due to the accidentally overheating of tube during operation.
Keywords: Chromium steel, petrochemical industries, high temperature
applications, microstructure, SEM, wear, hardness, dimension stability
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
22
Corrosion resistant improvement of 316 L Stainless steel surface
by plasma oxidation
Saad Ghareba(1)*, ArashShahryari(2), LeronVandsburger(2), Philippe Jeanty(2),
Sylvain Coulombe(2), Sasha Omanovic(2)
(1) Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Al-Mergib University,
Alkhums Libya
(2) Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec,
Canada H3A 2B2
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The use of a plasma oxidation as a method of improving corrosion properties of
passive oxide films formed on a 316L stainless steel surface in 0.16 NaCl was
studied. The results demonstrate that the modification of 316L SS surface by
plasma oxidation results in the improvement of a passive film that offers
significantly increased corrosion resistance when compared to the naturally grown
passive film. The effect of different plasma conditions on the resulting corrosion
properties is discussed. The results from EIS measurements were used to find the
optimum plasma conditions that provide a better corrosion resistance of the 316 L
SS in the saline solution.
Keywords: 316L stainless steel; phosphoric acid; sulphuric acid; EIS, SEM and nickel
nanoparticles.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
23
Enhancement of corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys via hard
anodizing
Omar E. Abdel-Salama ([email protected] 01006537751),
Madiha A. Shoeibb ([email protected] 01006356373),
Hagar Ashour Elkilanyc ([email protected] 01113666386)
a Chemical engineering department, Faculty of engineering, Cairo university, Giza
12613 , Egypt , b Central Metallurgical research and development institute, El-
Tebbin, Helwan 11422, Egypt, c chemical engineering department, Cairo university,
Egypt.
Abstract
In this paper, we have investigated the effect of hard anodizing on the morphology
and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys. The corrosion of aluminum alloys has
been studied using potentiodynamic technique. The morphology and composition of
anodic layers were examined by scanning electron microscope and Fourier infrared
spectroscopy. The results showed that the corrosion rate decreased to the half after
hard anodizing of 2014 alloy and to the tenth after hard anodizing of 6061,7075
alloys. Addition of lignin sulphonate significantly improved the corrosion resistance
of 2014 alloy by formation of Cu2+-lignin sulphonate complex. The anodic layer
formed on 2014 is non-homogenous.
Keywords: A. Aluminum; A. Sulphuric acid; B. IR spectroscopy; B. Polarization; B. SEM; C. Anodic protection
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
24
Electrochemical behavior and corrosion prevention of selected industrial alloys
Rabab M. El-Sherif,
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza-12613, Egypt
*E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The electrochemical behavior, especially the corrosion and passivation of different
brass alloys was investigated. Electrochemical techniques including open-circuit
potential, anodic polarization, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy were used. It was found that the addition of chloride ion up to 0.15 M
in 0.5 M Na2SO4 solution decreases the corrosion rate due to the formation of CuCl,
whereas at higher concentration of the chloride ion, the corrosion rate increases
due to the formation of the soluble CuCl2 – . The activation energy was found to be
10 kJ mol–1. This value indicates that the corrosion process is under diffusion
control. The impedance measurements showed that a duplex layer, a relatively
thick porous outer film on top of a thin compact layer, could represent the passive
film. An equivalent circuit was used to explain and analyze the impedance data.
The model includes another R-C combination and Warburg impedance in addition
to the simple Randles cell to account for the spontaneously formed passive film and
the diffusion phenomena.
Keywords:
Keywords: Aluminum bronze; Monel; Corrosion; Chloride; Cyclic voltammetry;
Impedance; Sulfate
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
25
Electrochemical Behavior of an Electrode Metallic Wire during Electrical Discharge Machining.
A. DAIMELLAH1, R. L’HADDAD
1, Y. BENMERADI
1, F. HELLAL
1
1 Laboratory of Science and Engineering of Materials, Department of Metallurgy, National Polytechnic School, P.O. Box 182, El Harrach, 16200, Algiers, Algeria,
Abstract
Among different material removal techniques, EDM (Electrical Discharge
Machining) is regarded as one of the rare applications involving sparks for
machining. This technique uses a metallic electrode wire, which allows performing
cutting operations.
During EDM operation, the wire must be enough stretched to give an efficient
cutting result. On another side, at different steps of EDM operation, the electrical
discharge and the Joule effect may induce a heating at the surface of the metallic
wire. In some cases, a premature fracture of the wire has been observed leading to
the interruption of the process.
In order to give some indication on the behavior of CuZn37 electrode wire during
work, some experimental tests have been carried on. The electrochemical linear
polarization has been mainly used. Mechanical tension has been varied until
reaching the yield strength of the material (200MPa). On another side, the
temperature of the bath (demineralized water) has been raised to 75C.
It has been showed that, in both cases, the corrosion current density observes a
growth that corresponds to a greater degradation of the surface of the wire. This
highlights the coupling effect of chemical and mechanical solicitation and the role of
the alloy microstructure in stress corrosion. The second conclusion concerns the
composition of the bath along the EDM operation. The concentration of oxygen and
residual metallic ions changes and makes the bath more conductive and thus more
aggressive against the electrode wire.
Key-words: Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Behavior, Heating,
Mechanical stretching, CuZn37 alloy.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
26
STUDY OF THE CORROSION MECHANISM OF IRON ARTEFACTS IN SOIL
E. Baužytė1, S. Grassini2, E. Angelini2, D. Fulginiti2, M. Parvis3, N. Schiavon1,
V. Gouda4, P. Vassiliou5 1Laboratorio HERCULES, Universidade de Évora, Portugal
[email protected], [email protected]
2Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Technologia, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
[email protected], [email protected]
3Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
4National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
5School of Chem. Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece
Abstract
The study of long-term corrosion processes on iron artefacts during burial in soil and after
excavation can help archaeologists and conservators in establishing proper conservation
procedures, avoiding the destruction of the archaeological and historical information contained.
This study aims to give a contribution to the understanding of the long-term corrosion phenomena of
some iron artefacts, excavated in the archaeological site of Tharros (Sardinia, Italy) by means of a
multi-analytical approach. Even if the corrosion mechanism of iron is well-known, the objects buried
in soil are subjected to various forms of deterioration, depending on the material structure and on
several parameters (geographic location, climate, land use, environmental acidification, chemical
and physical properties of the soil), so that tailored further investigation are still needed.
The results of the micro-morphological characterisation put in evidence the presence of different
typologies of corrosion products. Goethite (α-FeOOH) and lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) are usually
present on the external surface; poorly crystallised maghemite (χ-Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4) are
mainly present in the internal zones of the corrosion product layer. The presence of akaganeite
(-FeOOH) needle-like crystals, which grow rarely in nature and mainly in chlorides ions rich
environment, such as the coastal areas, and the relative volume increase due to the formation of
iron hydroxides, seems to be the responsible of the flacking of the surface, that compromising
dramatically the integrity of the artefact.
The study confirmed that the different findings observed on the ironwork should be taken into
account, since they can significantly affect the conservation state of the object after excavation.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
27
DYNAMIC LASER CLEANING FOR CORROSION PRODUCT REMOVAL
M. Hrnjic1, E. Angelini
2, S. Grassini
2, M. Parvis
3, L. A. Angurel
4, R. Lahoz
4, X. de la Fuente
4, N.
Schiavon1, F. Porcelli
2
1Laboratorio HERCULES, Universidade de Évora, Portugal
[email protected], [email protected]
2Dipartimento Scienza Applicata e Technologia, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
[email protected], [email protected]
3Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
4 Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), Spain
angurel@unizar,es, [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract
Cleaning and removal of corrosion products and burial incrustations is one of the
most critical steps of the conservation procedure of archaeological metallic artefact.
In this context, laser cleaning is a selective and precise methodology already
employed in the cultural heritage field. Nevertheless, it is still necessary to study
different laser cleaning methodologies in hope to optimise the cleaning procedure,
taking into account the nature of the corrosion product layer, the bulk properties and
the aesthetical appearance of the object.
This study deals with a systematic investigation of the layer-by-layer removal of
corrosion products from the surface of some Cu-based coins excavated from the
archaeological site of Bubastis, in Egypt. A dynamic laser cleaning process has
been performed with near-IR laser and the effect of different parameters, such as
irradiance and number of passes/loops, has been previously assessed on artificially
corroded Cu-based reference alloys. A series of complementary analytical
techniques, such as digital microscope, FESEM-EDX, XRD and XPS, have been
employed for the chemical, microstructural and morphological characterisation of
the treated surface.
Following the optimisation of the laser parameters, the obtained results allow
understanding the main mechanisms of the different laser cleaning regimes, while
the optimum cleaning methodologies for the studied materials are being
established.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
28
Anti-tarnishing Lacquer for Preservation of Copper, Brass, and Bronze
Architectural Work
Ashok Mohanty, S. K. Tiwari, T. Mishra, S. Chakravarty,
CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur – 831007, Jharkhand, India
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Metal architectural work and handicrafts made from copper and its alloys (brass, bronze)
tarnish (surface becomes black) when exposed to humid sulfide environments resulting in
loss of aesthetic appeal. It is highly desirable to maintain the natural color of copper and its
alloys in these architectural works. Lacquers are used for this purpose. Lacquers are
generally formulated by mixing polymers with one or more corrosion inhibitors, levelers and
antioxidants in a suitable organic solvent.
In the present study, a new lacquer was formulated which can be used to prevent
tarnishing of copper based alloys for several years. The lacquer has several advantages
over market available lacquers. It has better anti-tarnishing efficiency, available in ready to
use form, can be easily applied on metal surface by brushing, spraying or dipping, has
lower drying time, and does not requires any post application treatment like baking. The
active ingredient of the lacquer is a newly developed and patented copolymer that contains
two kinds of functional groups in its molecular structure. One functional group is
responsible for the corrosion inhibition properties whereas the other functional group
imparts hydrophobicity to the metal surface. Outdoor and indoor exposure tests,
accelerated tarnishing tests, and electrochemical tests revealed that the developed lacquer
can protect copper based alloy surfaces from tarnishing both in indoor and outdoor
atmospheres.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
29
Multidispline Cathodic Protection System for Sites of Complex Facilities
Saher Shawki,CMRDI
E.mail: [email protected] Large plants of complex facilities such as underground piping ,above-ground tanks
and towers, concrete structures ... etc, requires special design considration for
cathodic protection .
The general guidelines for The C.P. design procedures are presented.
For The best distribution of cathodic , it is necessary to deal with individual
structural members and their individual current requirement separately.
D.c. Power capacity, anode type and location are The most important design
parameters to Provide adequate protction at a reasonable cost.
Three large plants are given as examples of diverse C.P. designs:
Two Water T reatment Plants, and one Petro-chemical Plant. The C.P.
Systems designed for the plants suggest the use of galvanic anodes and / or
impressed current. The anode configuration inculde: Anode ground bed,distributed
anodes and deep well anodes.
The designs also considered the presence of induced voltage effect due to high-
tesion overhead transmission cables or AC power transmission cables buried in
vicinity of the structure.
THe means to protect buried pipelines against stray current produced by foreign
underground crossing pipelines, cathodically protected or not, was taken into
account.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
30
Cathodic protection design for complex network
Ashraf Abd El-Baseer Ali
NACE Certified CP Specialist
NACE Certified CIP Peer Review
API Certified Risk Based Inspector
Corrosion Mgr at Jacobs (Rated # 2 of the global top design firms).
Founder of Middle East Corrosion Control Co. (MECORR)
Emails: [email protected] & [email protected]
Abstract:
Cathodic protection design for complex network of facilities has several challenges.
The main target of designer is to ensure that his design can secure the required
protection current to all parts of the complex network. It is always difficult to get the
current distribution to achieve protection criteria at the whole structure without over
protection in some areas and low protection levels in some others.
The document will focus on the challenges of shared well casing design when several
well casing fall in the same vicinity. The design must consider these well casing as
shared wells to avoid the interference between well casing if single well casing design
considered. The major challenge appears when the different well casing belongs to
different owners.
Key words:
Design of shared well casings, multiple connected pipelines / network of piping and
structure, complex of piping and structure, distributed CP for piping network.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
31
A Study of Induced Voltages and Currents on Metallic Pipelines Neighbor to HV.T.L
Prof. Dr .Ahmed A.Hossam-Eldin, Ahmed Wahba [email protected] [email protected]
Electrical Engineering department, Alexandria University, Alex, Egypt
Abstract Because of the continuous growth of energy consumption and the tendency to site
power lines and pipelines along the same route, the close proximity of power lines
and buried metallic pipelines has become more and more frequent. Therefore, there
has been and still is a growing concern about possible hazards resulting from the
influence of power lines on metallic pipelines.
Underground pipelines that run parallel to or in close proximity to power lines are
subjected to induced voltages caused by the time-varying magnetic fields produced
by the power line currents. The induced electro-motive force causes currents
circulation in the pipeline and voltages between the pipeline and surrounding earth.
This paper analyzes the induced voltage on the oil pipelines buried in parallel with
overhead power lines due to inductive coupling. Design Matlab M-file program by
the author are used to calculate the pipeline induced voltage and current. Also this
paper compares features of two mitigation methods: insulating joints and earthing.
An existing pipeline is modelled using the specialized Matlab software incorporating
these two mitigation methods in order to compare the performance, also compare
the cost of using different two earthing electrodes. Results of this case study may
be used as guidelines for designing the mitigation schemes for new pipelines.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
32
Corrosion threats and in services planning and mitigations Alaa Ahmed Abdelaziz
GAPCO Petroleum Co., Egypt
Abstract
While corrosion processes form an interesting basis for scientific studies which are
frequently undertaken as exercises in chemistry, and particularly electrochemistry,
by far the greatest interest in, and concern for corrosion stems from its practical
effects and how they may be avoided. Various estimates have been made of the
annual economic loss resulting from corrosion. There is no general agreement as to
just what should be included in calculating this loss. Owners and users of plant
(„Duty Holders‟ within this report) have the option tomanage the integrity of their
plant and plan inspection from assessments of the main causes risksof failure.
They need to be able to demonstrate that the risk assessment andinspection
planning processes are being implemented in an effective and appropriatemanner.
The aim of this assessment is to assist Duty Holders and regulators identify
bestpractice for plant integrity management by risk based inspection (RBI). In
terms of plant integrity, key information is generated from the design,
operationalexperience and inspection records, and knowledge of the deterioration
mechanismsand the rate at which deterioration will proceed. This knowledge
enables current andfuture fitness-for-service to be assessed. Inspections can then
be planned atappropriate intervals using inspection methods that are able to detect
the type and level of deterioration anticipated.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
33
Investigation of Cathodic Delamination by Using Different Types of
Organic Coating on Steel Substrate
Nagi. Alsahabi. Issa Ali
Benghazi University Mechanical Dept
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
Organic coatings barrier are frequently applied to prevent corrosion of steel
structures immersed in sea or fresh water by preventing aggressive species from
getting into direct contact with the steel. To protect the steel from corrosion, the
coating must maintain adequate adhesion to the steel during environmental
exposure. Inadequate adhesion will promote failure of the coating system and
subsequent exposure of the bare steel to the aggressive environment, causing
corrosion. For this reason mechanisms of adhesion and de-adhesion have been
subject to numerous studies. Organic coatings represent one of the most effective
methods to control metallic corrosion especially in aggressive environments.
This paper investigates the mechanism of cathodic delamination of a simple coated
with Juton painting, Pachin painting, Almadina painting, comparison with Epoxy
painting sample. This work was divided into three main experiments; the first
investigated the effect of surface of painted steel by measuring the area of
delamination. The second experiment investigated the effect of painted steel on
weight loss behaviour.
The third experiment investigated the effect of painted steel on the Pull-off adhesion
test. Corrosion testing was carried out by the immersion in 3.5% Na Cl solution. The
sample, which was painted by Juton, had an enhanced performance, due to less
area of delamination obtained than the other samples tested. Comparing this result
with those from the Sigma yield point and pull off adhesion test, it was also found
that the sample coated with Juton gave less weight loss than the others
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
34
On-stream Inspection techniques to evaluate integrity of plants
Carlo Blasi, Giovanna Gabetta
Eni DOT, San Donato Milanese, /Italy
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract
On stream inspection techniques are useful to evaluate plant components integrity
since they do not require shutting down the plant and allow the containment of
costs without impacting on safety. Such techniques are also important for the
management of older plants, where integrity must be assessed following
regulations, but lack of production shall be kept to a minimum.
Eni is working to implement the use and the efficacy of such techniques for
application in the Mediterranean area. In the present paper the non-intrusive
inspection of Low Pressure Flare Drums installed in offshore platforms is
described. The described inspection technique requires more than one phase,
namely:
Data Collection
Study of damage mechanisms
Non- intrusive Inspection
Analysis of results
Implementation of an inspection plan
In the data collection phase, moreover, where historical data are missing or not
complete, a non-intrusive measurement technique is proposed, designed in the
frame of a research activity in cooperation with VeneziaTecnologie. The system,
called INPRINT, allows the measurement of mechanical properties of metallic
components via the inverse analysis of a micro-indentation mark. The technique
was applied to a spool extracted from an oil pipeline and could appreciate a
variation of mechanical strength along the pipeline wall.
A more extensive application of the technique to components in field is now
foreseen.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
35
Cases Study for Corrosion in Heat Affected Zone of Carbon Steel
Mazen Mahmoud Mohamed
M.SC. in Corrosion Engineering, Faculity of Engineeirng, Cairo University
Section Head in Corrosion Engineering Dept., Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company
(GUPCO)
Abstract
Corrosion in heat-affected zone (HAZ) is considered as one of main reasons for
industrial facilities failures in petroleum oil production fields; where most of failure
cases are referred to severe reduction in wall thickness of area adjust to girth-welds
of the industrial facilities like to pipework systems and pipelines. Corrosion in HAZ
of stainless steel has a common mechanism called sensitization and it depends on
depletion of chromium in granules of stainless steel alloys; while HAZ corrosion in
carbon steel can be described by preferential weld corrosion mechanism. The
recent work is an analysis for different practical cases that have severe reduction in
wall thickness of carbon steel piping and pipelines. This analysis is done to
determine how much the corrosion in HAZ is existed; and that to determine the
majority of corrosion in HAZ in case of carbon steel.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
36
Corrosion Failure Analysis in Thermal Power Plants and
Petroleum Industries
I.M. Ghayad, S. M. Mohamed, N.N. Girgis
Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI),
P.O.Box:87; Helwan, Cairo, Egypt, [email protected]
Abstract
This article presents some corrosion failure cases, which have big concern to
petroleum, thermal power plants and other industries. Failure cases were collected
from international failure analysis journals. The article concentrates on the corrosion
failure of heat exchangers, pipelines carrying petroleum oil or natural gas, and
turbine blades. Examples of failure cases, which have been addressed, are:
Investigation of turbine blade failure in a thermal power plant
Breakdown of heat exchangers due to erosion corrosion and fretting caused
by inappropriate operating conditions
Failure analysis of stress corrosion cracking in heat exchanger tubes during
start-up operation
Failure analysis of a copper tube in a finned heat exchanger
The generation of corrosion under insulation and stress corrosion cracking
due to sulphide stress cracking in an austenitic stainless steel hydrocarbon
gas pipeline
Stress corrosion failure of an X52 grade gas pipeline
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
37
Fatigue Failure of 316 Stainless Steel welded tubes
Khalifa Abouswa
Libyan Petroleum Institute P.O. Box 6431 Tripoli / Libya Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Failures of small piping connections (2 inch and small) continue to occur frequently
at refinery, petrochemical and gas plants. Fatigue can occur in any location where
cyclic stresses of sufficient magnitude are functioning. The probability of fatigue
failure at a weld is a function of many considerations: type of weld profile, material,
weld size, wall thickness, heat treatment, grinding after welding, etc.
Seam weld can be considered as one of the most vulnerable areas to fatigue failure
where weld defects such as under cut, misalignment, surface imperfection,
corrosion might be found at the weld and will act as a stress raiser.
The 2 inch branch welded to 5 inch process flow line condensate feed stream to
stabilizer column in gas plant showed circumferential cracking at weld seams after
several years in service.
The operating temperature of the process flow line is 21 to 27°C, the operating
pressure is 33 to 37 barg and no chloride in the stream.
Visual examination showed circumferential crack initiated near the circumferential
weld and propagated through parent metal.
Detailed investigations include visual observation, hardness measurement,
microscopic and metallographic examination of the fracture surface showed that the
circumferential fatigue crack was initiated at drastic change in thickness, poor weld
profile on branch connections at the heat affected area and propagate (grow) with
time during operation particularly when it is under stresses.
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirms the finding that the fracture
morphology was transgranular and the crack was single non -branching. The tube
material was specified as low carbon 316L austenitic stainless steel and the
microstructure is not sensitized.
Key words: seam weld, transgranular cracks, fatigue crack, sensitisation, and
cyclic stresses.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
38
Failure analysis of a ball valve in 12”crude oil offshore Pipeline
Corresponding author & paper presented by Medhat A. Hegazi, Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company (GUPCO)
E-mail: [email protected] Paper Authors:
Medhat A. Hegazi*, Sherif M. Anwar*, Rawia M. Hammouda** and Mohamed A. Taha**
* Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company (GUPCO), ** Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University
Abstract On routine inspection of an unmanned offshore crude oil producing platform, a
failure was observed in one carbon steel ball valve in a 12” crude oil pipeline. The
failure occurred in the valve body, where the 1.5 inch bleed plug (fitting) was found
sheared off the body, which could lead to oil leak resulting probably in fire and
environmental hazard.
Failure analysis procedures were designed to investigate the root cause. The
procedures included visual inspection, analysis of the operating conditions including
oil pressure, and metallurgical investigation, dimensions measurements, ultrasonic
testing, chemical analysis, microscopical investigation (optical and SEM), testing
mechanical properties. This was made on the whole valve including valve body,
seat, bleed plug and the ball.
It was proved that the failure was not related to any obvious personal factor neither
any abnormal operating condition was recorded, thus mechanical reasons were
excluded. The internal visual inspection showed that there was a gap formed
between the ball and the seat, due to the decrease in seat thickness as confirmed
by ultrasonic test. This indicated that the service fluid flowed between the ball and
seat, resulting in corrosion occurring in the seat. The reason was detected by the
chemical analysis where the seat was found to be carbon steel, instead of being
superduplex stainless steel as specified. Chemical analysis of the corrosion
products indicated that the main corrosion mechanisms are CO2 corrosion and
corrosion under deposits. It also probable that over-stressing the bleed fitting due to
uncontrolled manual tightening might lead to thread damage.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
39
The influence of temperature on the performance of morpholine methylene phosphonic acid (MMPA) as scale inhibitor in oil field
water Abubaker Elayatt, Elfitouri Ahmied Mohamed, The University of Sirte, Libya
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Scale deposition can occur in any place where a significant temperature differential
occurs, such as in well tubular, in pipelines and heat exchangers, it can seriously
degrade performance, it can also cause problems at point where significant amount
accumulate in separators. It is therefore not a local problem, but may occur
anywhere within the production process.
Laboratory experiments of both static jar and dynamic test has been carried out for
sample of well (Q-25) Waha oil field, and to identify the efficiency of the scale
inhibitor (MMPA) in eliminating the scale of calcium carbonate CaCO3 at different
temperatures (40, 60, 80 and 95°C) and scale inhibitor injection rates (3, 5, 7, 10,
and 20 ppm).
From the results, the scale inhibition (MMPA) in various temperature (40, 60, 80
and 95oC), it is concluded that the 7ppm and 10ppm are the good inhibition and
economically cost and the best inhibition at all temperatures was clear at
concentration of 20 ppm.
KEYWORD: Morpholine methylene phosphonic acid, Scale formation, scale
Inhibitors, oil field water, Inhibitor efficiency.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection Technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
ORAL URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
40
STRESS CORROSION CRACKING OF 316 STAINLESS STEEL
PLATES OF HEAT EXCHANGER
Saad. A. Khodi, H. Abdel-Aleem
Central Metallurgical R&D Institute, Manufacturing Technology Dept., Helwan, Cairo, Egypt. E-mail:[email protected]
Abstract
In this investigation, an attempted has been made to unravel the exact reasons for
premature failure of cooler plates made of 316 stainless steel used to cooling down
the temperature of process water in heat exchanger. The stainless steel plates
were subjected to visual examination, non-destructive tests, chemical analysis,
microstructure observation and hardness tests. Based on the results obtained in
this investigation, the stainless steel plates were failed by stress corrosion cracking.
The chemical compositions of the steel plates are in conformity with the required
specification. The presence of chloride ions from cleaning solution or probably from
water, in addition to accumulated residual stresses from pressurized water, heavy
deformation at protuberance shape and over tightening of cooler plates are the
main causes for stress corrosion cracking failure.
Keywords: Plate heat exchanger, failure, stainless steel 316, stress crack corrosion.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
LIST OF POSTERS 14 -17/12/2015 POSTER SESSION –I (From1-25)
[1] Corrosion Behaviour of Copper in LiBr Solutions
O.R.M. Khalifa, Sh.E Abd Elhamid, A.E El Meleigy, M.F Shehata, and A. A. El Warraky
[2] Role Of Material Selection in Preventing Corrosion Related Failures of Firefighting Piping System in Process Industries
Ahmed Eissa
[3] Role of Li+ on the Pitting Corrosion Of Copper In Libr Solutions
Abeer Esmat El Meleigy, Mohamed Farouk Shehata, Shaimaa Esmat Abd Elhamid, Ali Abdel Fattah El Warraky
[4] Electrochemical and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of -Al Bronze in Sulfide-Polluted Salt Water: Effect of Environmentally-Friendly Additives
E.A. Ashour, L.A. Khorshed, G.I. Youssef, H.M. Zakria and T. A. Khalifa
[5] Hydration Characteristics of Boiler Scales Blended Cement Pastes
B.A. Elsabagh, M. A.Tantawy , M. E. I. Saraya and T. M. El-Sokkary
[6] Green Tea Extract As Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel and Brass in Acidic Medium
Nazly Hassan and Hala El-Adawy
[7] Influence of Chromate Ions On Corrosion Processes of Magnesium Alloy
A. Foly Galal and Mohamed.M. El-Rabiei
[8] Utilization of Cut Oil Based Mud in the Production of Blended Portland Cement
A. Foly Galal, E.El-Shimy and H. H. Assal
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
[9] Deposition, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Tungstaten -Based Coating Treatments Over ZE41 Mg-Zn-Rare-Earth Alloy
W.A.Ghanem , Abdel Salam Hamdy , Enas M. Attia and Hoda M. Hussien
[10] The Influence of Metal Oxides on the Activity of the Platinum Towards the Oxidation of Methanol in Acidic Solution
R.M. Abdel Hameed, R.S. Amin, K.M. El-Khatib, Amani E. Fetohi
[11] The Effect of Structure Parameters on the Corrosion Inhibition Effect of Some Heterocyclic Nitrogen Organic Compounds
M. A. Bedair
[12] Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum Alloy (A5754) in Sulfuric Acid Solutions and Effect of Halides Ions and Some Inorganic Inhibitors
S. S. Abd El-Rehim, H. H. Hassan, M. A. Deyab, A. Abd El Moneim
[13] Noble Organic Corrosion Inhibitors For Carbon Steel Used in Petroleum Equipment
M. M. Mukhtar - A.S.Fouda- M.Fayad- A.Desoky
[14] Wall Shear Stress for the Prediction of the Corrosion Rate During the Crude Oil Transportation Using the RC Geometry
M.en C. María de Lourdes Elizalde Aguilar., M. en C. Jesús Daniel Robles Salas
Dra. Esther Torres Santillán
[15] The Role of the Anions on the Inhibition of the Acidic Corrosion of Aluminum by Lupine Extract
B.A.Abd-El-Naby, O.A.Abdullatef, H.M. El-Kshlan, E. Khamis and M.A.Abd-El-Fatah
[16] The Elsholtzia Communis: A Green Corrosion Inhibitor For Mild Steel 0.5 M H2SO4 Solution
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Ramananda Singh Mayanglambam, Pebam Sanjeeta Devi
[17] Preparation and Characterization of Pt–CeO2/C And Pt–TiO2/C Electrocatalysts With Improved Electrocatalytic Activity for Methanol Oxidation
R.M. Abdel Hameed, R.S. Amin, K.M. El-Khatib , Amani E. Fetohi
[18] Lawsonia Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor for Tin in Sodium Chloride Solutions
Salah Eid, M. Abdallah, A. Y. El-Etre, E. M. Kamar
[19] Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking of Magnesium Alloy (AZ91)
S. Mamdouh, S. El raghy, H. Abd El azeem, I. Ghayad and W. Metwally
[20] Extracts of Mint and Tea as Green Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution
M. A. Bedair, M.S. Metwally, S. A. Soliman, A. M. Al-Sabagh, A. M. Salem and T. A. Mohamed
[21] Gravimetric and Electrochemical Evaluation of Three Nonionic Dithiol Surfactants as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in 1 m HCl Solution
Samy M. Shaban, , Salah M. Tawfik and Ali A. Abd-Elaal
[22] Studying the Corrosion Inhibition of New Synthesized Cationic Surfactants on the Mild Steel in 1M HCl
Samy M. Shaban
[23] Synthesis and Investigations on Improved Anticorrosive Polyurethane Coating Formulations
Tamer Ezzat Youssef
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
[24] Influence of Oil Well Drilling Waste on the Engineering Characteristics of Clay Bricks
Medhat S. El-Mahllawy* and Tarek A. Osman
[25] Corrosion Behavior of Reinforcing Steel in Slag Based Geopolymer Cement Immersed in Ammonium Sulfate Solution.
Tarek A.Osman and Waleed Huseen sufe
[26] Alkali Carbonate Aggregate Reaction in Concrete and Technology Overcome It's Risk
H. El Didamony, H.A. El Sayed, T.M. El-Sokkary and A. A. Abd EL- raoof
[27] Corrosion protection of aluminum by coating with polypyrrole nano-composite film
Abou-Elhagag A. Hermas, Mahmoud A. Hussein and Bahaa M. Abu-Zied
[28] Effect of Different Austmpering Treatments on Corrosion Behavior of ADI
A.A. Dawod, A.A. Nofal, M.A. Shoeib, A.A. Hussein and M.M. Ibrahim
[29] Evaluation of the corrosion inhibition efficiency of citric acid toward mild and tinplate steel in aqueous Solution
Ahmed Khalifa Rateb, H.B. Hassan, M.A. Abdel Rahim and M.W. Khalil
[30] Microstructure evolution of Thermal Barrier Coating System with Al2O3 Inter-Layer under Thermal Cycling
N. El Mahallawy, M. Shoeib and H. A. AbdelDaim
[31] Corrosion behaviour in Egyptian oil field: Valve metallurgical failure investigation
Medhat A. Hegazi
[32] Study of electrical and physical performance of non- ceramic insulator using deposit density technique
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
L.S. Nasrat, I.A. Ibrahim, S.M. EL-khodry and A.M. El Aziz
[33] Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mitigation of Sulfide Attach on Leaded Bronze Surface
A. M. El-Shamy, Mohamed M. Megahed, Amal M. Abd Elkarim and Atef Kalmouch
[34] New surfactants as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel pipelines under severe environments
A.M. Al-Sabagh, M.A. Migahed, Mohamed A. Abbas, E.S. Gad and H. M. Abd EL-Bary
[35] Synthesis, characterization and anticorrosion potentials of chitosan-g-PEG assembled on silver nanoparticles
Hassan H. H. Hefni, E.M.S. Azzam, Emad A. Badr, M. H. M. Hussein and Salah M. Tawfik
[36] Anti-corrosive asphaltic material for metallic surface protection
Said A. Abed
[37] Factors Affecting the Corrosion Behavior of Reinforcing Steel
S.M.Abd El Haleem, E.E.Abd El Aal, S.Abd El Wanees and A. Diab
[38] Biodegradable Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Acidic Medium
Ismail Aiad, Samy M. Shaban, Mohamed M. El-Sukkary
[39] Investigation of the adsorption of Sodium Caprylate as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in sulfuric acid
Saad Ghareba, Sasha Omanovic
[40] Corrosion protection of 316L stainless steel by inorganic anions and Ni nanoparticles in mixed acid mixture
Reham H. Tammam*, Amany M. Fekry
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies
14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
[41] Synthesis of New Cationic Surfactants and Evaluation of their Effect as Corrosion Inhibitors and Antimicrobial Agents for Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) in Oil Fields
M. A. Migahed, M. M. Khattab, I. Aiad, , A. M. Al-Sabagh
[42] EQCM based in-situ Corrosion monitoring of nano-nickel modified electrodes for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline medium
Ahmed B. Soliman, Hesham S. Abdel-Samad, M. A. Ahmed, Sayed S. Abdel-Rahim, and Hamdy H. Hassan
[43] Evaluation of morpholine methylene phosphonic acid (MMPA) as scale inhibitor in oil field water
Elfitouri Ahmied Mohamed, Abubaker Elayatt
[44] Eco-friendly Ionic Liquid Chitosan as corrosion inhibitor for X-65 tubing
M.A. Migahed, S.M. Elsaed, A.M .Al-Sabagh , E.A. Khamis , E.G .Zaki
[45] Mitigation of Brass Corrosion by Methyl α -Cyanoacrylate (MACA) Coating: Applied On a Cup from Dhamar Museum, Yemen
A. M. El-Shamy, Mohamed M. Megahed, K. M. Zohdy and Amal M. Abd Elkarim
POSTER ABSTRACTS
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 1 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Corrosion Behaviour of Copper in LiBr Solutions
O.R.M. Khalifa a, Sh.E Abd Elhamid b, A.E El Meleigy b, M.F Shehata b, and
A. A. El Warraky b
a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Girls for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt
b Department of Electrochemistry and Corrosion, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt,
Abstract
The electrochemical behaviour of copper in concentrated solutions of LiBr (up to
9M) was investigated. Results showed that up to 5x10-1M passivity was more
evident and pitting corrosion took place. At 7x10-1M LiBr, some evidence of limited
passivity was seen which is followed by pitting corrosion. At more anodic potential
(≈ 900mV) general dissolution takes place. As the concentration of LiBr increased
from 1 to 9M, the dissolution start to appear with pitting which changed with higher
rate to general depending on the concentration.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 2 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Role of material selection in preventing corrosion related failures
of firefighting piping system in process industries
Ahmed Eissa
Engineering for the Petroleum and Process Industries (ENPPI), Cairo/Egypt
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Although different materials of construction (MOC) are used for firefighting water
systems depending on the type of water available, firefighting system design and
operation mode, yet Carbon steel (C.S) piping and valving materials have been the
most commonly used materials for fire water systems in hydrocarbon and chemical
process industries (CPI).
This paper will explore various materials of construction including nonmetallic
materials available for Wet/Dry firefighting system from material and corrosion
point of view with focus on corrosion mechanisms and microbial attack reported for
C.S material used for surface water wet fire systems in CPI also, the paper will also
discuss the effect of material upgrading as a remedy to mitigate corrosion related
failure along with other available mitigation techniques and recommended practice
for plant operators to ensure fitness for purpose, trouble free operation and reliable
firefighting piping systems.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 3 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Role of Li+ on the pitting corrosion of copper in LiBr solutions
ABEER ESMAT EL MELEIGY, MOHAMED FAROUK SHEHATA, SHAIMAA
ESMAT ABD ELHAMID, ALI ABDEL FATTAH EL WARRAKY,
National Research Center
Physical Chemistry Dept., Cairo, Egypt,
Abstract
The pitting corrosion of copper in both LiBr and NaBr solutions has been studied using
potentiodynamic measurements and surface analysis techniques. It was found that
pitting of Cu was evident only after the formation of a protective film of CuO and/or
Cu(OH)2, depending on the bromide content. In case of NaBr the hysteresis loop of
pitting corrosion started to appear at 3.1·10-2 M while in case of LiBr it started at
7.4·10-2 M bromide content. These results, together with the current – time trend and
the surface analysis, confirm the role of Li+ on the passivation and pitting attack on
copper metal.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 4 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Electrochemical and stress corrosion cracking behavior of -Al
bronze in sulfide-polluted salt water: Effect of environmentally-
friendly additives
E.A. Ashour,1 L.A. Khorshed,1 G.I. Youssef,1 H.M. Zakria2 and T. A. Khalifa2
1Electrochemistry laboratory, Physical chemistry Department, National Research
Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
2Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha
University, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of α -Al bronze alloy (Cu7Al) was
investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution in the absence and in the presence of different
concentrations of Na2S under open circuit potentials using the constant slow strain
rate technique. Also, the addition of different concentrations of cysteine (cys), and
alanine (ala) to the test solution, as corrosion inhibitors, was studied. Increasing the
sulfide ions in polluted salt water resulted in a reduction in the maximum stress
(max) and an increase in the susceptibility of α -Al bronze towards SCC. The
addition of alanine and cysteine to the test electrolyte increased the time to failure
by changing the mode of failure from brittle transgranular cracking to ductile failure.
Electrochemical tests were performed to assist the interpretation of the SCC data.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to investigate the
mechanism of corrosion inhibition. The results
support film rupture and anodic dissolution at slip steps as the operating
mechanism of the SCC process. Therefore, cys and ala can be considered as a
potential environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors for the SCC of α -Al bronze in
3.5% NaCl solution containing sulfide ion.
Keywords: bronze, sulfide, corrosion, SCC, inhibitor, amino acids
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 5 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Hydration Characteristics of Boiler Scales Blended Cement Pastes
B. A. Elsabaghc, M. A.Tantawy a, M. E. I. Saraya and b T. M. El-Sokkaryc
a Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
b Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
c Housing and Building National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
The aim of this investigation is to study the utilization of boiler scales waste as a
blending material in comparison with limestone filler in the preparation of filled
cement. The boiler scales sample (as-received) used in the present study was
directly collected from the boilers of a local sugar factory and is mainly composed of
aragonite mineral (CaCO3) whereas limestone is mainly composed of calcite
mineral as confirmed by the XRD analysis. The crystal size range calculated from
XRD analysis of boiler scales and limestone fillers indicate that the fineness of
boiler scales and limestone fillers is nearly the same.
The hydration characteristics of hydrated OPC and filled cement pastes containing
5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% boiler scales or limestone fillers were evaluated by measuring
the combined water content, bulk density and compressive strength up to 90 days.
The phase composition and microstructure of some selected samples were
analyzed by XRD, DSC and FTIR techniques. It was observed that the metastable
aragonite mineral enhances the hydration of C3S and forms CSH whereas the
calcite mineral which reacts mainly with C3A to form calcium carboaluminate
hydrates which contain higher amount of water than CSH. Hence, the combined
water content of boiler scales filled cement pastes decreases, the bulk density as
well as the compressive strength increases compared to limestone cement pastes
at all ages of hydration. Accordingly, it may be concluded that the boiler scales filler
improves the physico-chemical properties of cement pastes more than the
limestone and can be used as afiller in the preparation of blended cement instead
of disposal to open landfills.
Keywords:boiler scales, limestone, filler, cement paste, hydration, XRD, DSC, TIR.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 6 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Green tea extract as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel and brass in
acidic medium
Nazly Hassan1 and Hala El-Adawy2
1Composites and Nano Structured Dept., New materials and advanced Technology
Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg Elarab,
Alexandria, Egypt.
E.mail: [email protected]
2Medical biotechnology Dept., Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, City of
Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg Elarab, Alexandria, Egypt.
E. mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The use of corrosion inhibitor is an important method of protecting metallic materials against deterioration due
to corrosion in various media. Although many synthetic compounds showed good anticorrosive properties, most
of them are highly toxic to both human being and environment. Therefore, the trend of studying the effect of
naturally occurring products as corrosion inhibitors is started to emerge. These green corrosion inhibitors have
the advantages of being inexpensive, easily available, eco-friendly, and biodegradable. In this study, the effects
of aqueaous green tea extract as organic green inhibitor on the corrosion of mild steel and brass erew
investigated in 1 M HCl solution by means of weight loss method, polarization technique and electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy. The green tea extract was subjected to HPLC anaylsis and the main active
constituents were found to be 75% polyphenols: catechins (catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin
gallate and epigallocatechin gallate) and proanthocyanins (prodelphinidin). The effects of different inhibitor
concentrations at different temperatures were examined. It has been found that the inhibition efficiency
increases with increasing the temperature and the concentration of the extract. Calculated results of both
kinetic and thermodynamic parameters indicated chemical adsorption of the inhibitor extracts on the metallic
surface. The results obtained from employed techniques are in good agreement with each other.
Keywords: Green tea extract, corrosion inhibition, weight loss, polarization, electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 7 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Influence of chromate Ions on Corrosion Processes of Magnesium
alloy
*A. Foly Galal and **Mohamed.M. El-rabiei
*Housing and Biulding National Research Center
**Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University – Fayoum, Egypt
Abstract
The electrochemical behaviors of Mg-Al-Zn alloy were investigated in aqueous
solutions of pH 6, 7 and 8. The effect of chromate ion in aqueous solution of pH 6
also studied. Conventional electrochemical techniques such as open-circuit
potential measurements, polarization methods and electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy (EIS) were used. The results have shown that the rate of corrosion in
acidic solution is relatively high compared to that in neutral or basic solutions. The
addition of chromate ion in aqueous solution increase the passivity of Mg alloy
Keywords: Alloy, corrosion, chromate, impedance, magnesium, Polarization.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 8 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Utilization of Cut Oil Based Mud in the Production of Blended
Portland Cement
A. Foly Galal, E.El-Shimy and H. H. Assal
Housing and Building National Research Center, P. O. Box 1770, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Estimating solid wastes and composition are typically the first task in any local
management study. This work is aimed to study the effect of the addition of several
proportions of ignited waste shale produced from oil industry (drilling) to ordinary
Portland cement clinker for the production of blended cement. The water/ solid
ratios of the blended pastes were used corresponding to their water of consistency.
Curing of blended pastes was done under water. The change of phases was
performed using X- ray diffraction analysis. In general, the test results indicate that
a significant improvement in the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of
ordinary Portland cement is achieved due to oil shale waste treatment
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 9 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Deposition, Characterization and Electrochemical properties of
Tungstaten -Based Coating Treatments Over ZE41 Mg-Zn-Rare-
Earth Alloy
W.A.Ghanem a, Abdel Salam Hamdy a, Enas M. Attia b and Hoda M. Hussien a.
a Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, P.O. Box: 87, Helwan, 11421 Cairo,
Egypt.
b Faculty of Science, Al_Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Rare-earth ZE41 alloy possesses unique mechanical properties. However, the
sharp potential difference between the rare-earth phases (cathode) inside the Mg
matrix (anode) results in building up micro-electrochemical cells and enhancing
galvanic corrosion. In chloride solution, the galvanic corrosion propagates and
enhances intergranular corrosion around the rare-earth phases. At the end, the
rare-earth phase can be debonding from the matrix leaving holes. The optimum
conditions for obtaining protective W coatings of improved corrosion resistance for
ZE41 alloy were determined. A simple one step surface treatment in 4 g/l tungstate
coating solution for short time was found promising to improve the localized
corrosion resistance.
Keywords: Advanced materials, Tungstate, ZE41 Mg-Zn-rare earth alloy, Clean
Protective Coating and Corrosion.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 10 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
The influence of metal oxides on the activity of the platinum
towards the oxidation of methanol in acidic solution
R.M. Abdel Hameeda, R.S. Aminb,*, K.M. El-Khatibb, Amani E. Fetohib
a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
bChemical Engineering Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Abstract
Pt−CeO2/C, Pt−TiO2/C and Pt−ZrO2/C electrocatalysts were prepared by chemical
reduction of hexachloroplatinic acid using ethylene glycol as a reducing agent at
metal oxide/C powders with the aid of intermittent microwave irradiation. Crystalline
structure, surface morphology and Pt particle size were investigated by X-ray
diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Pt crystal lattice was
expanded when TiO2 was added to Pt/C. The incorporation of different metal oxides
increased the dispersion degree of Pt nanoparticles and reduced their diameter to
2.50 and 2.33 nm when TiO2 and ZrO2 were introduced to Pt/C. The electrocatalytic
activity of various electrocatalysts was examined towards methanol oxidation in
H2SO4 solution using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy. The lowest onset potential of methanol oxidation was
observed at Pt−ZrO2/C. The oxidation intermediates were easily oxidized at
Pt−TiO2/C as inferred from its high steady state oxidation current density value after
operation for long time. Lower charge transfer resistance values were measured at
all prepared Pt-metal oxide/C electrocatalysts in relation to that at Pt/C to infer the
improved electron transfer rate during the oxidation process. Among the studied
composites, Pt−ZrO2/C was selected to be a candidate electrocatalyst for better
electrochemical performance in direct methanol fuel cells.
Keywords: Methanol; fuel cells; zirconium oxide; cerium oxide; titanium oxide; acid
medium.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 11 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
The Effect Of Structure Parameters On The Corrosion Inhibition
Effect Of Some Heterocyclic Nitrogen Organic Compounds
M. A. Bedair (a)
(a) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Men’s Campus), Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
Email: [email protected] , [email protected]
Abstract
The corrosion inhibition effect of pyridine, quinolone, acridine and their n-hexadecyl
derivatives were studied by quantum chemical methods. The density functional
theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311G+ (d,p) basis set level, ab initio calculations
using the HF/6-311G+ (d,p) and semi-empirical PM6 methods were performed to
investigate the correlation between its molecular structure and the corresponding
corrosion inhibition efficiency (%IE). Inspection of the calculated parameters and
corrosion inhibition efficiencies were made to observe any clear links, which might
exist between them. Possible correlations between experimental inhibition
efficiencies and parameters such as dipole moment (DM), highest occupied (EHOMO)
and lowest unoccupied (ELUMO) molecular orbitals and the differences between
them, HOMO–LUMO gap (ΔE), as well as some structural characteristics were
investigated. Computational studies have been used to find the most stable
adsorption sites for these compounds. This information help to gain further insight
about corrosion system, such as the most likely point of attack for corrosion on iron
(1 1 1), the most stable site for adsorption and the binding energy of the adsorbed
layer
Key words: Corrosion inhibition; Quantum chemical calculation; DFT; Molecular
dynamic simulation
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 12 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy (A5754) in sulfuric acid
solutions and effect of halides ions and some inorganic inhibitors
S. S. Abd El-Rehim1, H. H. Hassan1, M. A. Deyab2*, A. Abd El Moneim1
1 Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Egypt
2* Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +201006137150; fax: + 202 22747433
E-mail address: [email protected]
Abstract
The corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy (A5754) in sulfuric acid solutions and
effect of halides ions and some inorganic inhibitor were investigated using
electrochemical techniques. The data reveal that increasing sulfuric acid
concentration, solution temperature and scan rate, enhances the corrosion rate of
aluminum alloy (A5754). Addition of Cl-, Br- or I- enhances the active dissolution of
aluminum alloy (A5754) and tends to breakdown the passive film and induces
pitting attack. The aggressiveness of the halide ions to words the corrosion process
of aluminum alloy (A5754) decrease in the order Cl- > Br- > I-. The effect of MoO2-
as an inorganic inhibitor on the pitting corrosion of aluminum alloy (A5754) in (0.1M
NaCl + 0.3M H2SO4 ) solution has also been studied.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 13 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Noble organic Corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel used in
petroleum equipment
M. M. Mukhtar - A.S.Fouda- M.Fayad- A.Desoky
Department of inspectio, Balaeim Petroleum Co, Nile Delta Field (NDF) , Egypt
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
The corrosion behaviour of carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution in the absence and
presence of 4-(2-Cyano-7- hydroxy-4-methylene-hepta-2,5-dienoylamino)-benzoic
acid (a), 4-[2-Cyano-3-(4-methoxy -phenyl)-acryloylamino]-benzoicacid.(b), 4-(2-
Cyano-3-phenyl acryloylamino)-benzoic acid (c) ,4-[3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-cyano-
acryloylamino]-benzoic acid(d), was investigated using weight loss,
potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and
electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques. The inhibitive action of
the investigated compounds was discussed in terms of blocking the electrode
surface by adsorption of the molecules through the active centers contained in their
structures. The adsorption of these derivatives on carbon steel surface is consistent
with Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the rate of
corrosion in the absence and presence of these compounds were also studied.
Physical adsorption mechanism is proposed from the calculated thermodynamic
parameters for all investigated compounds.
Key words: carbon steel, corrosion
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 14 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Wall Shear Stress for the prediction of the Corrosion Rate during
the crude oil transportation using the RC Geometry
M.en C. María de Lourdes Elizalde Aguilar., M. en C. Jesús Daniel Robles Salas
Dra. Esther Torres Santillán,
M. en C. María de Lourdes Elizalde Aguilar, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería
Mecánica y Eléctrica ESIME-Zacatenco, México Distrito Federal
Abstract
There are different variables that can increase the corrosion speed during the crude
oil transportation; one of the most important parameters that is believed is the
speed in which the crude oil is transported.
The corrosion rate study is presented in this research considering room
temperature in a pipeline of carbon steel taking different speeds which include
laminate flow up to the development of high turbulence and, using the cylindrical
rotating geometry (RC) for observing a physical simulation of the conditions
developed by the fluid on the internal wall of the pipeline.
It is important to reiterate that an adequate simulation of fluid flow using RC may
contribute to further research to reproduce in the laboratory conditions of different
field of interest and modeling different variables involved.
The corrosion velocity was obtained through electrochemical techniques and as a
result a predictive model of the corrosion rate was proposed.
The predictive model for the system at room temperature is proposed as a function
of the wall shear stress (τω) were Rcorr = 0.1409 Tω 0.3229 and the rotational speed
(ω) Rcorr = 4.27 X10- 3 ω 0.5489.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 15 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
The Role of the Anions on the Inhibition of
the Acidic Corrosion of Aluminum by Lupine Extract
B.A.Abd-El-Naby**, O.A.Abdullatef*, H.M. El-Kshlan****, E. Khamis*** and
M.A.Abd-El-Fatah****
** Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Alexandria University
P.O.Box 426, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
***City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, New Borg El-
Arab City, P.O. Box: 21934 Alexandria, Egypt
**** Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
* Pharos University, Faculty of Pharmacy (Corresponding author)
KanalElmahmodia Street, Smoha, Alexandria, Egypt
Tel: 002033877032/033; 0201226594955
Fax: 002033877149
E-mail address: [email protected]
Abstract
The corrosion behavior of aluminum in 0.1 MHCl, 0.1 M HClO4 and 0.05 M H2SO4
solutions was studied using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy techniques. The results showed that the rate of corrosion
of aluminum was arranged in the order: HCl> HClO4 > H2SO4. Lupine extract is
effective green inhibitor for the corrosion of aluminum in acidic solutions. The
inhibition efficiency of the extract obtained from impedance and polarization
measurements was in a good agreement and was found to increase with increasing
concentration of the extract. The obtained results showed that, the lupine extract is
effective in the order HClO4>HCl> H2SO4. Theoretical fitting of the corrosion data to
the Kinetic-Thermodynamic model was tested to show the nature of adsorption.
Keywords: Corrosion, acidic, aluminum, lupine, impedance.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 16 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
The Elsholtzia communis: A green corrosion inhibitor for mild
steel 0.5 M H2SO4 Solution
Ramananda Singh Mayanglambam*, Pebam Sanjeeta Devi
Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi (India)
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
In the present study, an attempt was made to use extract from the Elsholtzia
communis for control of metallic corrosion. The extract of Elsholtzia communis in
aqueous 0.5 M H2SO4 was systematically investigated to ascertain its inhibitory
effect on corrosion of mild steel and its mechanism of the inhibition by weight loss
method, potentiodynamics polarisation technique and electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy (EIS). The inhibition efficiency of Elsholtzia communis on corrosion of
mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution increases on increasing in its concentration at
room temperature. The mechanism of inhibition is due to adsorption of the extract
on metal surface. The nature of adsorption of the extract on mild steel surface was
in conformity with Langmuir isotherm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study
confirmed that the inhibition of corrosion of mild steel is through adsorption of the
extract molecules on surface of metal.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 17 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Preparation and characterization of Pt–CeO2/C and Pt–TiO2/C
electrocatalysts with improved electrocatalytic activity for
methanol oxidation
R.M. Abdel Hameeda, R.S. Aminb,*, K.M. El-Khatibb , Amani E. Fetohib
aChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
bChemical Engineering Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Abstract
Pt−TiO2/C and Pt−CeO2/C electrocatalysts were synthesized by solid state reaction
of TiO2/C and CeO2/C powders using intermittent microwave heating, followed by
chemical reduction of platinum ions using mixed reducing agents of ethylene glycol
and sodium borohydride. The crystal structure, surface morphology and chemical
composition of prepared electrocatalysts were investigated using X-ray diffraction
(XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray
analysis (EDX). The phase angle values of different Pt diffraction planes in
Pt−TiO2/C and Pt−CeO2/C were shifted in the positive direction relative to those in
Pt/C. Pt particles with diameter of 3.06 and 2.78 nm were formed in Pt−TiO2/C and
Pt−CeO2/C, respectively. The electrochemical performance of prepared
electrocatalysts was examined using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Pt−CeO2/C showed an enhanced
oxidation current density when compared to Pt/C. Long time oxidation test at
Pt−TiO2/C and Pt−CeO2/C revealed their improved stability. Lower charge transfer
resistance values were estimated at Pt-metal oxide/C electrocatalysts as a result of
increased electric conductivity of TiO2 and CeO2.
Key words: Methanol; fuel cells; zirconium oxide; cerium oxide; titanium oxide; acid
medium.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 18 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Lawsonia extract as corrosion inhibitor for tin in sodium chloride
solutions
Salah Eid, M. Abdallah, A. Y. El-Etre, E. M. Kamar
Salah Eid, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha,
Egypt
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
The corrosion behavior of tin electrode in 0.6 M NaCl solution as well as the effect
of addition aqueous extract of lawsonia were investigated using potentiodynamic
techniques. It was found that the inhibition efficiency increases as the concentration
of extract is increased. The inhibitive action of the extract was interpreted in view of
adsorption of the extract components at the tin surface. The results showed that
such adsorption follows Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The negative value of free
energy of adsorption suggests a spontaneous process. Moreover, the addition of
lawsonia extract increases the resistance of tin toward pitting corrosion.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 19 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of magnesium alloy
(AZ91)
S. Mamdouh a,*, S. El raghy b, H. Abd El azeem b, I. Ghayad a and W. Metwally a
a Corrosion control and surface protection laboratory, CMRDI, Cairo, Egypt.
b Mining, Petroleum and Metallurgy Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo
university, Cairo, Egypt.
E-mail address : [email protected]
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are lightweight materials having attractive applications in
automobile and aerospace industries; yet its main drawback that limits their use is
their poor corrosion resistance. This investigation is dealing with corrosion and
stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of magnesium alloy- AZ91, under
different heat treatment conditions; in the as cast, solid solution (T4) and artificial
aging (T6) and in different environments, i.e. 3.5%NaCl ( marine environment) and
3.5%Na2SO4 ( industrial environment). General corrosion rate was studied using
haydrogen evolution test due to the negative difference effect phenomenon (NDE)
related to magnesium alloys. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique
(EIS) was used for surface characterization of the alloy. Different electrochemical
techniques e.g. open circuit potential, potentiodynamic and cyclic polarization were
carried out to indentify the corrosion behavior of the alloy. Stress corrosion cracking
(SCC) behavior was also studied using slow strain rate test (SSRT) to evaluate the
mechanically-assisted corrosion performance of the alloy under different heat
treatment and environmental conditions. Results were analyzed based on the
presence of microstructural cathodic precipitates and aggression of the testing
environments.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 20 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Extracts of Mint and Tea as Green Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild
Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution
M. A. Bedair (a,*), M.S. Metwally (a), S. A. Soliman (a), A. M. Al-Sabagh (b), A.
M. Salem (a), and T. A. Mohamed (c)
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Men’s Campus), Al-Azhar University,
Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
(b) Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
(c) Central Laboratories of Health, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution by the extracts of
Stems of Mint (SM), Leaves Mint (LM), Caffeine (CE), and Tea extract (TEX) has
been studied as cheap and eco-friendly inhibitors using weight loss,
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization
techniques. Inhibition was found to increase with increasing concentration of the
extract. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of mild steel in 1.0 M
HCl with addition of extracts was also studied. The inhibition was assumed to occur
via adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the metal surface. The adsorption of the
molecules of the extract on the mild steel surface obeyed the Langmuir adsorption
isotherm. The results obtained showed that the extracts of Mint (stems, leaves) and
Tea (Caffeine, TEX) are mixed type inhibitors and could serve as an effective
inhibitor of the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid media.
Key words: Corrosion inhibition; eco-friendly inhibitors, potentiodynamic
polarization, weight loss.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 21 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Gravimetric and Electrochemical Evaluation of Three Nonionic
Dithiol Surfactants as Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in 1 m
HCl solution
Samy M. Shaban, , Salah M. Tawfik Ali A. Abd-Elaal*
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
Corresponding author: (Ali A. Abd-Elaal). E-mail: [email protected]
Tel.: +20 1226324796; fax: +20 222747433
Abstract
Three nonionic dithiol surfactants were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for mild
steel in 1 M HCl at different temperatures 25, 40 and 55 oC. Three different
techniques were used for evaluation; weight loss method at the three different
temperatures and the electrochemical methods at 25oC. From the obtained results,
three nonionic dithiol surfactants have good inhibition efficiency and significantly
increase by increasing the concentration. Increasing temperatures show two
different trends; at low concentration, the efficiencies decrease, while at high
concentration the efficiencies increase for the three surfactants. From the
electrochemical polarization data, the prepared thiol surfactant behave as mixed-
type of inhibitors for carbon steel in 1M HCl. Double-layer capacitances obtained
from electrochemical impedance of synthesized surfactant decrease comparing to
the blank one when they be added due to the adsorption process on the metal steel
surface. The Villamil adsorption isotherm was found to be the more fitted model
describing the adsorption process.
Keywords:
nonionic thiol surfactants; Carbon steel; Weight loss; activation energy; Arrhenius
equation; Villamil isotherm.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 22 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Studying The Corrosion Inhibition of New synthesized Cationic
Surfactants on the mild Steel in 1M HCl
Samy M. Shaban,
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
New three cationic surfactants were prepared and their chemical structure were
confirmed using different spectroscopic techniques. The corrosion inhibition of the
three cationic surfactants based on was evaluated using three different techniques,
weight loss, polarization and impedance. Surface coverage from weight loss at
three different temperatures was used to fit different adsorption isotherm for
obtaining more insight on the mechanism of adsorption on steel surface. The best
adsorption isotherm was vilamil isotherm. The prepared inhibitors showed high
inhibition efficiency for carbon steel in 1.0 M HCl and the inhibition efficiency
increase with increasing the temperature. The prepared surfactants act as mixed
type inhibitors.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 23 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Synthesis and Investigations on Improved
Anticorrosive Polyurethane Coating Formulations
Tamer Ezzat Youssef*
Chemical industries research division, National Research Centre (NRC), 12622
Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
The interest in polyurethane (PU) materials has been continuously growing both in
academia and in industry due to their widely applications in our daily life.
In this work, the incorporation of Zinc metal in PU matrix was carried out through
“one-pot reaction” to different loading levels (0.1% to 1.0% by weight). The resulted
Zn/PU coating systems applied to steel substrate (SS). The steel panels, which are
standardized, are made of normal carbon steel (St37) and blast cleaned to a
designation SA3 according to ISO8501-1.
The Zn/PU composites have been structurally characterized by means of their
structural properties through Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier
transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy
dispersive X-ray (EDAX), respectively. Examination of the corrosion resistance was
performed by a number of experiments in order to cover the efficiency of our anti-
corrosive coating systems. Autolab potentiostat was used in performing all the
electrochemical tests. They have significantly positively shifted Ecorr
of -55 mV,
confirming an effective corrosion protection by the coating. Also Icorr
is also found to
be decreased to 286 nA for the composite coated SS at 330 h. The Ecorr
did not
change much over a long immersion time, indicating that, the effect of Zinc filler
characteristics on chemical stability of the composite coatings in a corrosive
environment over a long immersion time. Therefore, the resulted Zn/PU coating
systems are attractive coating material in-line production with improved
anticorrosive coating properties and low capital cost.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 24 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Influence of Oil Well Drilling Waste on the
Engineering Characteristics of Clay Bricks
Medhat S. El-Mahllawy* and Tarek A. Osman
Raw Building Materials Technology and Processing Research Institute
Housing and Building National Research Center, Egypt
P. O. Box 1770, Cairo - E.mail*: [email protected]
Abstract
Huge quantities of oil-based mud waste (as a slurry material) were produced during oil well
drilling operations in Egypt. These quantities are environmental hazards and usually
disposed in open pits that constructed during drilling operations. These pits, approximately
50 years old, resemble an extreme environmental and health hazards integrated with fire and
dangerous sinking risks. Consequently, the main objective of this paper is to explore the
influence of oil well drilling waste, basically oil based mud waste, on the engineering
characteristics of the manufactured environmentally friendly, sufficient performing red clay
building brick. For this purpose, the compositions of these materials as well as physico-
mechanical characteristics of fired briquettes were investigated. In order to obtain
comparable results, ratios of the waste were gradually added (0, 10, 20 and 30% by mass)
as a substitute to the clay raw material. Standard test methods were used to determine the
principle physico-mechanical properties of the briquettes fired at different fringing
temperatures (800o, 850o & 900oC). Also, average values of these properties were presented
as a function of firing temperatures and waste additions. The laboratory results demonstrate
that the water absorption, bulk density, efflorescence and compressive strength of the fired
briquettes are met the acceptable engineering Egyptian Standard No. 204-2005 for clay
masonry units used for load and non-load bearing walls construction. The reuse of this waste
material in the building industry will contribute to the protection of the environment through
great advantages in waste minimization and beneficial income to the community through the
utilization process in building industry.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 25 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Corrosion behavior of reinforcing steel in slag based geopolymer cement
immersed in ammonium sulfate solution
Tarek A.Osman and Waleed Huseen sufe
Housing and building research center. Egypt, Dokki
Abstract
Ammonia is one of the elements substantially in each of the remnants of waste
water, industrial or service or some units within building industrial waste.
Ammonium sulfate concentration and effect of time are studied in compared with
OPC according to mechanical properties of above condition. Effect of ammonium
sulfate concentration explained the electrochemical behavior of reinforcing steel.
This point completed by studied the effect of curing time. The above studied
confirmed by using FTIR. This study represents the harmful effect of ammonium
sulfate solution especially at highly concentration. Also, Sulfate ions increases the
dense structure but this effect are neglect in presence of ammonium solution and
Corrosion increases with increasing of ammonium sulfate concentration. Effect of
curing time represents decreasing in corrosion resistance. The above result
matched with FTIR determination.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 26 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Alkali carbonate aggregate reaction in concrete and technology
overcome its risk
H. El Didamony* H.A. El Sayed** T.M. El-Sokkary** A. A. Abd EL- raoof**
* Professor Zagazig University
** Housing and Building National Research Center Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
Aggregates usually form about 75 percent of concrete therefore; it is expected that they play a great
effect on concrete properties. Compared to alkali – silica reaction (ASR), there are more and more
cases of deterioration of concrete due to alkali-carbonate reaction (ACR).The current study is
focused on furnishing additional information regarding the evaluation of crushed dolostone (50% low
content dolomite and high content dolomite 90%) properties in terms of their influence on the
concrete properties in both fresh and hardened state and effects of, Ordinary Portland Cement
(OPC) on expansion when admixed as a mortar with low content dolomite (50% Dolomite ) and high
content dolomite (90% Dolomite) aggregates due to the ACR were investigated. A variety of tests
have been performed to characterize the properties of the crushed aggregates including chemical
compositions, mineralogical and physical properties and its performance in concrete mixtures. The
experimental work included the effect of parameters relevant to the mix design on the properties of
the final products. The concrete was prepared using 10 and 25-mm nominal maximum size
aggregates locally available in Egypt. A total of 4 concrete mixtures with different water-to-cement
ratio, aggregate-to-cement ratio have been employed in this investigation. Over 200 cubes were cast
and tested for concrete compressive strength. Test results were presented in terms of the concrete
compressive strength versus different properties. It is concluded that careful attention should be
given to the mineralogical characteristics before using this type of aggregate. Considering the
compressive strength as a basic property, test results indicated that concrete up to 420 kg/cm2 could
be easily achieved with mineral dolomite consisting of (45.73% CaCO3, 54.27% MgCO3)
aggregates. And results obtained indicated that mortar contained Low dolomite is more prone to
alkali experienced expansion due to ACR than high dolomite. It was found that OPC mortar had
lower resistance to the ACR.
Keywords: Aggregates, Concrete, Alkali-carbonate reaction, Ordinary Portland cement,
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 27 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Corrosion protection of aluminum by coating with polypyrrole nano-
composite film
Abou-Elhagag A. Hermas, Mahmoud A. Hussein, Bahaa M. Abu-Zied
Chemistry department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Abstract
Efforts have being continuously made to improve existing materials and to develop
new ones which are stronger, lighter, and more resistant to aggressive
environments. Polypyrrole (PPy) films can be used as an alternative to the
traditional method of chromate coating, as protection against the corrosion of
metals [1, 2]. The electrochemical synthesis of adherent and homogenous PPy
films on Al and Al alloys were successfully achieved, by Mert et al [3], from oxalic
acid medium. In this work electrodeposition of polypyrrole-single carbon nanotubes (PPy-
sCNT) and polypyrrole-nickel lanthanum nano particles (PANI-NiLa) composites have been
formed on aluminum by cyclic voltammetry from aqueous solution of oxalic acid and in
presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Presence of sCNT and NiLa nanoparticles in the
electrolyte increased the electrodeposition rate of the PPy, the NiLa nanoparticles
increased largely the deposition at the first cycles. But, presence of the dissolved PVA in
the electrolyte decreased the electrodeposition of the polymer. SEM images indicated
immerging of the the nanoparticles materiales in the polymer layer forming composities.
The TGA and DTA analysis indicated that PVA and NiLa nanoparticles decreased the
thermal stability of PPy while the sCNT increased the stability. The corrosion test in 0.5 M
H2SO4 and 0.1 M NaCl solutions indicated Good improvements in the protection role of the
PPy coating by prsence of the nanoparticles particularly NiLa nano-particles. Most likely,
the NiLa nanoparticles increased the barrier effect of the polymer layer, and they catalyzed
the oxygen reduction reaction and thus enhance the aluminum oxide formation.
References
1- A.A. Hermas, M. Nakayama, K. Ogura, Electrochim. Acta, 50 (2005) 3640–3647
2- W.J. Hamer, L. Koene, J.H.W. de Wit, Mater. Corros. 55 (2004) 653.
3- B.D. Mert, R.Solmaz, G.Kardas, B.Yazıcı, Progress in Organic Coatings, in press,
doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2011.08.006.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 28 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Effect of Different Austmpering Treatments on Corrosion Behavior
of ADI
A.A. Dawod(1), A.A. Nofal(1), M.A. Shoeib(1), A.A. Hussein(2) , M.M. Ibrahim(2) .
(1) Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, Helwan, Egypt.
(2) Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Abstract
In this study, the effect of different austempering treatments on microstructure and
corrosion characteristics of ductile iron was studied by using different ways. Three
ways to produce ADI have been studied, where austempring is carried out with
conventional austempering heat treatment, two step austempering, and intercritical
austempering and compared with corrosion behavior of ductile cast iron which is
considerable as received condition. Conventional austempering is carried out at two
different temperatures (275ᵒC and 375ᵒC). Polarization test in 3.5% NaCl Solution
was conducted to explore how austempering heat treatments influenced the
corrosion behavior of ductile cast Iron. The corrosion measurements revealed that
the order of irons used in this study according to corrosion resistance from highest
to lowest is two-step ADI, ADI austempered at 375ᵒC, ADI austempered at 275ᵒC,
Intercritical ADI (IADI), ductile iron (DI).
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 29 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Evaluation of the corrosion inhibition efficiency of citric acid
toward mild and tinplate steel in aqueous Solution
Ahmed Khalifa Rateb, H.B. Hassan, M.A. Abdel Rahim, M.W. Khalil,
Ahmed Khalifa Rateb, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Cairo
university, Giza/Egypt
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
In the present study the effect of addition of citric acid on the corrosion inhibition
behaviour of mild steel and tinplate steel in a mixture of Na2SO4 + H2SO4 was
carried out. The effect of changing both the concentration of citric acid inhibitor and
the electrolyte temperature on the performance of the corrosion inhibition process
was investigated. Measurements were performed using potentiodynamic
polarization cathodic Tafel lines. The obtained experimental data were found to
follow Langmuir and Fruendlich isotherms. Moreover, estimation of the activation
energy and some thermodynamic parameters in the presence and absence of the
inhibitor were carried out. Some quantum mechanical calculations are carried out to
indicate the charge distribution on the inhibitor molecule and its mode of adsorption
on the metal surface.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 30 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Microstructure evolution of Thermal Barrier Coating System with
Al2O3 Inter-Layer under Thermal Cycling
N. El Mahallawy*, M. Shoeib **, H. A. AbdelDaim*.
*Design and Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Ain Shams University, Abasia, Cairo, Egypt.
** Central Metallurgical Research Center, ElTebbin, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
Corresponding author: Prof. Nahed El Mahallawy, [email protected],
tel.; +2 0122- 78 28 240; fax +202 2758 1041
Abstract
Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) systems are economically demanded for efficient and
environmental friendly gas turbine engines which work under the most severe conditions of
temperature and mechanical loading. Commercial TBC system includes a ceramic top coat
(TC), a bond coat (BC) and a thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer formed on the substrate. In
the present study, an inter-layer α-Al2O3 layer was deposited by Slurry - Dip Coating and Sol
Gel - Dip Coating on the surface of APS-CoNiCrAlY Bond Coat, which was deposited on Ni-
Based superalloy substrate. The YSZ ceramic Top Coat was deposited on the top of Al2O3
layer by APS. The new TBC system was tested under thermal cycling and compared with
the standard TBC system. The samples microstructure including the cracks generated within
the TC and the TGO growth were investigated by optical microscopy, Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) equipped by Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray Diffraction
(XRD). The inter-layer acts as diffusion barrier for oxygen which protects the BC from
severe oxidation, hence prolonging the TBC life.
Keywords: Thermal barrier Coating; Al2O3 intermediate layer; Sol gel; thermal grown oxide
layer; Thermal cycling behavior.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 31 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Corrosion behaviour in Egyptian oil field:
Valve metallurgical failure investigation
Medhat A. Hegazi, GUPCO, Ain Shams University
E-mail: [email protected]
Medhat Hegazi, Gupco, Ain Shams University / Sherif Anwar, Gupco /
Mohamed Taha, Ain Shams University / Rawya Hamouda, Ain Shams Univeristy
Abstract
On routine inspection of an unmanned offshore crude oil producing platform, a
failed 12” ball valve was found; its body bleed fitting was sheared off. Investigations,
covering the ruptured section of the valve body, the ruptured seat section, the
damaged bleed fitting and the ball, were done. It was proven through complete
metallurgical failure analysis that the failure was not related to any obvious personal
factor and no abnormal operating conditions were recorded where pressure records
on the 12” pipeline indicated that the operating pressure was in steady state.
Chemical analysis confirmed that the construction material of the ball and the seat
was the reason behind the failure as it was chemically attacked and corroded.
Composition of the corrosion products indicated that the main corrosion
mechanisms are CO2 corrosion and corrosion under deposits. Furthermore,
overstressing the bleed fitting due to uncontrolled manual tightening has led to
thread damage.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 32 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Study of electrical and physical performance of non- ceramic
insulator using deposit density technique
L.S. Nasrat1, I.A. Ibrahim2, S.M. EL-khodry3 and A.M. El Aziz4
1Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley
University, Aswan, Egypt
2 Arab Contractor Company (Osman Ahmed Osman), Cairo, Egypt
3Electrical Power and Machines Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt
4Department of physical chemistry, National Research Center, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
4German University in Cairo, Materials Science Department, 11835 New Cairo,
Egypt
Abstract
This work presents a study of flashover voltage and surface electrical resistance of
outdoor polyester and composite insulator under coastal condition. In order to
improve the electrical and physical proprieties in addition to maximize surface flash
over voltage, cylindrical polyester composite samples have been prepared after
incorporated with different concentration of inorganic filler e.g. Alumina tri-hydrate
(ATH), 30, 40 and 50 wt%. The electrical performance of the materials have
evaluated by the equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD). It was observed that
higher fillers wt% additives reflect better electrical performance.
Materials micro scan indicates better distribution of the internal molecules with the
addition of fillers as well as the tendency to agglomerate increased with increasing
filler content.
Furthermore, the salt deposition, salt spray test, (ASTM B117-11) have been
studied to investigate the salt deposition and thus measuring the electrical
resistance. Significant decrease in the electrical resistance was obtained with
increasing salt deposition.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 33 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mitigation of Sulfide Attach on
Leaded Bronze Surface
A. M. El-Shamy*1, Mohamed M. Megahed2, Amal M. Abd Elkarim1 and Atef
Kalmouch3
1Physical Chemistry Department, Electrochemistry and Corrosion Lab., National
Research Centre, El-Bohouth St. 33, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
2Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum University, Egypt
3Peptide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth St. 33,
Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt, e-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The corrosion inhibition efficiency of leaded bronze was evaluated in unpolluted and
sulfide polluted 3.5% NaCl. The Sodium (Z)-4-Oxo-4-p-Tolyl-2-Butenoate (SOTB)
has been used as environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor. It is well known that
the best commercial corrosion inhibitor for copper and copper alloys is
benzotriazole, but in the same time it also known that it is carcinogenic compound.
The replacing of toxic materials by green chemicals is considered very good goal.
The corrosion inhibitor is perfectly studied by electrochemical methods to monitor
the corrosion inhibition of leaded bronze. The results showed that this inhibitor act
as cathodic and anodic inhibitor for the surface of bronze in both chloride and
sulfide polluted medium. The bronze electrodes were subjected to surface
characterization by scanning electron microscope SEM at the highly effective dose,
which achieved at 200 ppm from the used inhibitor in both chloride and sulfide
media. The mode of action of corrosion inhibitor is also considered to prove the
probable mechanism. It is found that the inhibition efficiency and the persistence of
protective film are depends on the inhibitor concentration in both chloride and
sulfide media.
Key Words: Corrosion; corrosion inhibition; leaded bronze; (SOTB); sulfide attack;
mechanisms.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 34 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
New surfactants as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel pipelines
under severe environments
A.M. Al-Sabagh1, M.A. Migahed1, Mohamed A. Abbas1, E.S. Gad2* and H. M.
Abd EL-Bary2
1Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Three novel surfactants were synthesized from N,N'-(azanediylbis(ethane-2,1-
diyl))dioleamide namely (OE100, OER100 and OEAr100). Their chemical structures
were confirmed using FTIR, 1HNMR and elemental analysis. Also the surface active
properties for the synthesized compounds were calculated. The inhibition effects of
(OE100, OER100 and OEAr100) on the corrosion susceptibility of grade API X70
steel pipeline in deep oil wells formation water under CO2 and H2S environments
were studied by electrochemical techniques and quantum chemical calculations.
Polarization curves showed that by increasing the inhibitor concentration the
corrosion current density was decreased until 500 ppm, and the prepared
surfactants acted as mixed type inhibitors. Data obtained from EIS technique were
analyzed to model the corrosion inhibition process through equivalent circuit (EC).
Quantum chemical calculations based on ab initio method were performed on
OE100, OER100 and OEAr100. Adsorption of the inhibitor obeys the Langmuir
isotherm. Finally, the nature of the formed protective film was analysed by SEM and
EDX techniques.
Keywords: Surfactants, corrosion inhibitors, deep oil wells formation water, X- 70
tubing steel, potentiodynamic polarization, EIS, SEM, EDX.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 35 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Synthesis, characterization and anticorrosion potentials of
chitosan-g-PEG assembled on silver nanoparticles
Hassan H. H. Hefni, E.M.S. Azzam, Emad A. Badr*, M. H. M. Hussein, Salah M.
Tawfik
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute/ Nasr City/ Cairo/ Egypt.
Email: [email protected], Tel. 002-01063931833.
Abstract
Chitosan (Ch) grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) (Ch-g-PEG) were synthesized
using PEG with molecular weights 2000 g/mol. The synthesized Ch-g-PEG was
characterized using GPC, FTIR, 1HNMR, and XRD techniques. Ch-g-PEG self-
assembled on silver nanoparticles (Ch-g-PEG/AgNPs) was synthesized and
characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and
energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX). The synthesized Ch-g-PEG and its
nanostructure with the prepared silver nanoparticles were examined as non-toxic
corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution using potentiodynamic
polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The
results show that the inhibition efficiency obtained by Ch-g-PEG self-assembled on
silver nanoparticles is greater than that obtained by Ch-g-PEG only.
Potentiodynamic polarization results reveal that the synthesized compound could
be classified as mixed-type corrosion inhibitors with predominant control of the
cathodic reaction. The results of EIS indicate that the both charge transfer
resistance and inhibition efficiency tend to increase by increasing the inhibitor
concentration.
Keywords:
Chitosan; Poly(ethylene glycol); silver nanoparticles; carbon steel; corrosion
inhibition; electrochemical
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 36 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Anti-corrosive asphaltic material for metallic surface protection
Said A. Abed
General administration of chemical and research laboratories, [Assiut Oil
Refining Company (ASORC)], Assiut, Egypt.
Corresponding author: Tel.: +20 1007521038.
E-mail address : [email protected]
Abstract
Soft asphalt not commonly used in coating for its long curing time in spite of it has
adhesion properties and low cost while, Long oil alkyd resin (LOAR) is
predominantly used, yet it is a weak material. This paper aims to produce modified
asphaltic coating for metallic surface overcoming the disadvantages of asphalt and
LOAR. To achieve this aim, LOAR was mixed with asphalt of penetration grade
60/70 in ranges of 3 to 12% (w/w). The prepared coatings were characterized
mechanically and physically and evaluated for corrosion resistance. The results
concluded that the prepared coating produces an effective coating material. The
data obtained from the study reveals that the blend of long oil alkyd resin and
asphalt cement result in better blend coating properties compared to virgin asphalt
and LOAR used separately. The microstructure of the coating blend was studied
using SEM and the components present were found to be compatible. Chemical
testing indicated that the coating blends offered good coating resistance when
exposed to a salt-spray environment for500 h, and mechanical testing indicated
very good properties with respect to adhesion, flexibility, gloss and scratch
hardness. The resin blended well with the asphalt cement, resulting in a material
that has high resistance to moisture and good adhesion properties with respect to
steel substrate materials. This indicates that the coatings ideally suited for
application to steel structures that are to be immersed in water, or buried in the
earth. The incorporation of long oil alkyd resin improved the asphalt cement drying
time, gloss, scratch hardness and chemical and corrosion resistance.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 37 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Factors Affecting the Corrosion Behavior of Reinforcing Steel
S.M.Abd El Haleem, E.E.Abd El Aal, S.Abd El Wanees and A. Diab
Faculty of Science – Zagazig University, Zagazig – Egypt
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Potential-time curves are obtained for an Egyptian reinforcing steel in naturally
aerated Ca(OH)2 solutions, simulating the concrete pore solution, in absence and
presence of chloride and sulphate anions as corrosive agents. In aggressive ions
free Ca(OH)2 solution, the steady state potential is approached from negative value
indicating oxide film healing and thickening. Chloride and sulphate anions cause
oxide film destruction and initiation of visible pits. The rates of oxide film thickening
in Ca(OH)2 solution and oxide film destruction by the aggressive anions follow a
direct logarithmic law as evident from the linear relationships between the open
circuit potential and the logarithm of immersion time. Chromate, phosphate, nitrite,
tungstate and molybdate ions inhibit the pitting corrosion of the steel. In presence of
a constant inhibitors concentration, the inhibition efficiency of pitting inhibition
increases in the order: (weak) chromate < nitrite < tungstate < molybdate (strong).
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 38 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Biodegradable Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Acidic
Medium
Ismail Aiad, Samy M. Shaban, Mohamed M. El-Sukkary
Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, EPRI, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract Three cationic surfactants based on Schiff base were laboratory prepared. These
compounds were tested as corrosion inhibitors and biocide for the sulfate reducing
bacteria, (SRB). Three techniques were used for the corrosion inhibition evaluation,
namely; weight loss, polarization and electrochemical impedance. The corrosive
media was the 1.0 M HCl. The concentrations of tested inhibitor were around their
CMC. The serial dilution method was used to evaluate the inhibiting effect of these
compounds on SRB growth. The results showed that the prepared compounds
have good biodegradability, they completely degradable before 28 days. they also
have high antimicrobial activities against SRB, as well as they have higher
efficiency as corrosion inhibitors for carbon mild steel in 1.0 M HCl, this efficiency
increases by increasing the tested solution temperature, as well as the
hydrophobicity of the inhibitor.
Keywords: Weight loss, Potentiodynamic polarization, Impedance, Acid solution,
Adsorption isotherm.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 39 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Investigation of the adsorption of Sodium Caprylate as a
Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in sulfuric acid
Saad Ghareba(1)*
, Sasha Omanovic(2)
.
(1) Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Al-Mergib University, Alkhums Libya
* Corresponding author ([email protected])
(2) Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B2
Abstract
The interaction of a sodium salt of octanoic acid, sodium caprylate (SC), with a
carbon steel (CS) surface was investigated over a wide pH and temperature range,
using a range of experimental techniques. The aim of the research was to
investigate the possibility of using SC as a corrosion inhibitor, and to determine the
mechanism of its corrosion inhibition.
It was shown that SC acts as a good CS general corrosion inhibitor, yielding a
maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency of 97% at pH 2. This high inhibition
efficiency is maintained even at higher temperatures. It was determined that SC
inhibits both partial corrosion reactions, and can thus be considered to be a mixed-
type inhibitor. The adsorption of SC on the CS surface at low pH was described by
the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It was found that this process is spontaneous,
irreversible and driven by the entropy gain. The CS surface morphology was
studied by SEM and it was demonstrated that SC is a very effective general
corrosion inhibitor of CS at low pH values. This also was confirmed by contact
angle measurements which showed that the CS surface became more hydrophobic
when the SC was added to the solution.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 40 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Corrosion protection of 316L stainless steel by inorganic anions and Ni
nanoparticles in mixed acid mixture Reham H. Tammam*, Amany M. Fekry
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza-12613, Egypt
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The electrochemical behavior of 316L stainless steel alloy was investigated using open
circuit potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization
measurements and surface examination via scanning electron microscope technique in
phosphoric and sulphuric acid solution mixtures with different percentages. The effect of
additives (fluoride and iodide) on the corrosion and hydrogen evolution of the tested alloy in
acid mixture were also studied. It was found that the corrosion rate decreases in the acid
mixture solution containing iodide than fluoride ion. However, electrodeposition of nickel
nanoparticles (NiPs) protects well the alloy surface more than added anions either iodide or
fluoride in the mixed acid mixture. The efficiency increases according to the following
order: NiPs>I->F
->blank mixed acid mixture.
Keywords: 316L stainless steel; phosphoric acid; sulphuric acid; EIS, SEM and nickel
nanoparticles.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 41 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Synthesis of New Cationic Surfactants and Evaluation of their Effect as Corrosion Inhibitors and Antimicrobial Agents for
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) in Oil Fields
M. A. Migaheda, M. M. Khattabb, I. Aiada, , A. M. Al-Sabagha
a Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
b Qarun Petroleum Company (QPC), Cairo, Egypt
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract:
Two cationic surfactants namely; 1-dodecyl-1-methyl-2-(phenethylimino)pyrrolidin-
1-ium bromide (I) and , 1-dodecyl-2-((4-hydroxyphenyl)imino)-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-
ium bromide (II) were synthesized , characterized and evaluated as corrosion
inhibitors for X- 65 type tubing steel in deep oil wells formation water and as
antimicrobial agents against sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). Potentiodynamic
polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were
used to evaluate these compounds as corrosion inhibitors, while the serial dilution
method was used to evaluate their inhibition effect on sulfate reducing bacteria
growth. The results showed that the selected surfactants have good antimicrobial
activities against the SRB as well as they have acceptable efficiency as corrosion
inhibitors for tubing steel in deep oil wells formation water.
Key words: Cationic surfactants, carbon steel, Corrosion inhibitors, SRB. Oil wells
formation water.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 42 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
EQCM based in-situ Corrosion monitoring of nano-nickel modified electrodes for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline medium
Ahmed B. Soliman, Hesham S. Abdel-Samad, M. A. Ahmed, Sayed S. Abdel-Rahim, and
Hamdy H. Hassan
Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Email: [email protected]
Abstract As a result of the high catalytic response of nano nickel for the oxidation of small
alcohol molecules, it is considered a perfect substituent for the low-abundant group
metal. Despite the wide studies performed on the nano nickel based
electrocatalysts yet its corrosion studies are rare. For this reason the
electrochemical behaviour of the nano dispersed Ni modified graphite electrode,
obtained by potentiostatic electrodeposition from Ni (II) aqueous solution is carried
out in 0.5M NaOH with and without 1M ethanol. This is the typical electrolyte used
in the direct alkaline ethanol fuel cell (DAEFC). The electro-catalytic response
optimization is obtained through the control of the electrodeposition parameters
using voltammetric techniques, where the maximum obtained stable response is
162mA/cm -1. The morphology of the electrodeposited nano nickel is examined by
Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Regarding the in-situ
corrosion monitoring, an in-situ mass change profile of the deposited nano Ni
electrocatalyst were done using a hyphenated combined electrochemical Quartz
Crystal Microbalance with cyclic voltammetry (EQCM-CV) showing a decrease of
15% in the electro-catalytic response accompanied with a 2.6 µg/cm -1 decrease in
the active phase mass moving from 1st to 5th operating cycles showing a high
stability of the prepared electrocatalyst. This high stability may be attributed to the
regenerative nature of the Ni nano electrocatalyst as discussed in details in this
work.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 43 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Evaluation of morpholine methylene phosphonic acid (MMPA) as scale inhibitor in oil field water
Elfitouri Ahmied Mohamed, Abubaker Elayatt, The University of Sirte, Libya Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Scale formation in gas and oil wells is a common and persistent problem during
production, treatment, transportation, and disposal of co-produced salt water;
inhibition of this scale formation is a priority. An important industrial use of
phosphonates is in cooling waters, desalination systems, and in oil fields to inhibit
scale formation.
The Dynamic test has been carried out using dynamic scale rig test to determine
the efficiency of scale inhibitor (MMPA) at injection rates of (3, 5, 7, 10, and 20ppm)
The experiments shows that the scale inhibitor (MMPA) is effective in preventing
formation of calcium carbonate CaCO3 scale, where it has achieved efficiency from
94.83% to 98.20% at concentration of scale inhibitor of 10ppm.
It has been noticed that the rate of change in pressure with respect to the time is
constant, and this proves that the scale inhibitor (MMPA) achieved a very good
efficiency as it managed to prevent formation of calcium carbonate CaCO3 scale
through a time period with respect to the injection of both the scale inhibitor and
sample (scaling solution). The scale inhibitor (MMPA) achieved a very good
efficiency at injection rates of 10ppm.
Keywords: morpholine methylene phosphonic acid, Scale formation, scale
Inhibitors, oil field water, Inhibitor efficiency.
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 44 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Eco-friendly Ionic Liquid Chitosan as corrosion inhibitor for X-65 tubing
M.A. Migahed, S.M. Elsaed, A.M .Al-Sabagh , E.A. Khamis , E.G .Zaki*
Egyptian petroleum research institute, Nasr city 11727, Cairo,Egypt.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Ionic liquids ( ILs) attracted great attention as green corrosion inhibitors for steel in
aggressive environments. The present work synthesizes new quaternized N-alkyl
chitosan. The chemical structure of the prepared polymeric ionic liquid was
investigated using FTIR analysis. The corrosion inhibitive effect of the prepared
polymeric ionic liquid on steel corrosion in acid solution was studied using different
electrochemical techniques. Potentiodynamic polarization data revealed that the
prepared ionic liquid reduces both dissolution and hydrogen evolution corrosion
reactions. Impedance technique shows one capacitive loop that indicated the
charge-transfer process of the steel corrosion.The quantum chemistry calculations
were carried out to study the molecular geometry and electronic structure of
obtained derivatives. The energy gap between the highest occupied molecular
orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital has been calculated using the
theoretical computations to reflect the chemical reactivity and kinetic stability of
compounds.
Keywords: corrosion inhibition, Polarization, EIS, Acid medium, adsorption,
quantum chemistry
4th International Conference on Corrosion Mitigation and Surface Protection technologies 14-17 December, 2015, Seagull Hotel - Hurghada, Egypt
Egyptian Corrosion Society (ECS) Email: [email protected]
POSTER 45 URLs: www.egy-corr.org www.egycorr.net
Mitigation of Brass Corrosion by Methyl α -Cyanoacrylate (MACA) Coating: Applied On a Cup from Dhamar Museum, Yemen
A. M. El-Shamy1,*, Mohamed M. Megahed2, K. M. Zohdy3 and Amal M.
Abd Elkarim1
1Physical Chemistry Department, Electrochemistry and Corrosion Lab., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, 12622
2Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum University, Egypt 3Higher Technological Institute 10th of Ramadan City, Egypt
*E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract In this paper the brass cup was subjected to XRF analysis to fabricate an electrode
has approximately the same elemental analysis. The electrochemical techniques
have been studied for the fabricated brass electrode in 3.5% NaCl solutions. The
brass electrode was immersed in mixture from MACA and absolute alcohol for 30
min and then the solvent is evaporated in room temperature before carrying out the
electrochemical measurements. The inhibition efficiency has been estimated in
absence and in the presence of thin film of methyl α-cyanoacrylate (MACA) as an
applied corrosion inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency is directly proportional to the
number of layers of MACA. The corrosion inhibition process is attributed with the
formation of thin film on the metal surface from the corrosion inhibitor.
Potentiodynamic polarization and EIS curves indicated that MACA act as excellent
corrosion inhibitor for brass in salt water with efficiency of about 95.3% and 96.6%
at 1% and 2% respectively. Due to the narrow difference 1.3% between the 1% and
2% percentages, we recommend to treat the cup under study with 1% MACA after
chemical cleaning method. The surface was subjected to optical microscope, SEM,
EDS and XRD.
Keywords: Impedance; Corrosion and electrochemical property; Corrosion inhibitor