ABSTRACT FOR THE 3 BRAWIJAYA DENTISTRY

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences Vol.17 Supp 7, October 2021 (eISSN 2636-9346)

Proceedings of the 3rd ICBD 08-10 Oct 2021

ABSTRACT FOR THE 3rd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE BRAWIJAYA DENTISTRY

Emerging Technologies and Research in Medicine in a New Normal

Held at the Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia

On October 8th-10th, 2021

Proceedings of the 3rd ICBD 08-10 Oct 2021i


Editorial Information

Scientific Committee/Abstract EditorsDiwya Nugrahini Hapsari, drg., Sp. ProsDr. Ranny Rahmawati, drg., Sp. PerioDr. Yuli Nugraeni, drg., Sp. KGNenny Prasetyaningrum, drg., M.KedEndah Damaryanti, drg., Sp. OrtAstika Swastirani, drg., M.SiMerlya Balbeid, drg., M.MRSRachmavidyanti, drg., Sp. KGAcing Habibie Mude, drg., Ph.D., Sp. ProsKarima Qurnia Mansjur, drg., Ph.D.Eri Hendra Jubhari, drg., M.Kes., Sp.Pros (K)Rosnah NawangSiti Zulaikha RazaliJuraina Yusoff

Proceedings of the 3rd ICBD 08-10 Oct 2021 ii


TABLE OF CONTENTS Title PageRESEARCH ARTICLES

Correlation of Early Childhood Caries Prevalence with Feeding Pattern and Mother’s Behaviour in Maintaining Chil-dren’s Oral Hygiene

1

Correlation of Hepatocytes Number and Alt Ast Levels in Immunosuppressed Model with Oral Candidiasis Given Hy-perbaric Oxygen

2

The Correlation between Skull Type and Facial Type in Balinese Orthodontic Patients 3

Qualitative Study of SOCA (Student Oral Case Analysis) as Assessment Instruments in Dental Students 4

An Overview Level of Anxiety Among Dentists Towards COVID-19 Transmission Risk in Samarinda 5

Biphasic Effects of Genistein on Vascular Endothelial Cells in the Ovariectomized Rats 6

Self Assessment of Dental Care Needs by Student’s Parent of SDN Pandanwangi 1 as A Preliminary Study 7

Parent Education Program Through Dental Health Education (DHE) Video For Mental Disabilities Children 8

Potential of Bioactive Compounds of Papaya Seed in Inhibiting MMP-9 Activity: In Silico Study 9

Tofu Wastewater Toxicity Test as Nutraceutical on Wistar Rat’s (Rattus Norvegicus) Kidney 10

Increasing The Compressive Strenght of Self Cured Acrylic with Addition of Nanohydroxyapatite from Bovine Bone as A Basic Material for Dental Models in Prosthodontics Clinical Skills Learning

11

The Effect of Aloe Vera L Extract For Reducing Candida Albicans Colonies in Removable Orthodontic Appliances 12

Effect of Additional Hydroxyapatite Bone Powder of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) on The Hardness of Heat Cured Acrylic Resin

13

The Effectivity of Nanotransfersome Gel of Citrus aurantifolia Swingle Peel Extract on The Healing Process of Labial Rats

14

Improving Oral Health Knowledge of “Little Dentist” by Using Online Platform on Covid-19 Pandemic Era on Elemen-tary School Students in Malang

15

The Effect of Eggshell Powder on Osteoblast in Alveolar Bone Defect Healing 16

Toxicity Test of Kelakai Leaves Extract (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm) Bedd) to BHK-21 Fibroblast Cells In Vitro 17

The Relationship Between Society’s Knowledge with Dental Anxiety and Expectations Towards Dental Services During COVID-19 Pandemic Era

18

Correlation between Dentists’ Knowledge and Management of Dental Patients Toward COVID-19 Pandemic in Badung Regency, Bali

19

The Effect of Mauli Banana Stem Gel (Musa acuminata) on Biofilm Mass of Streptococcus mutans 20

The Causes of Dental Caries 20 Effect of Acemannan Paste on TNF-α Expression in Periapical Tissues Inducted by Enterococcus faecalis

21

Effect of Natrium Fluoride to Nickel Ion Released and Surface Structure of Cuniti Wire in Chlorhexidine 22

Averrhoa Bilimbi L Extract Solution As A Tooth Extrinsic Stain Remover 23

Bleaching Effect of Oxalic Acid Averrhoa bilimbi.L to Enamel Roughness in Vivo 24

Antibacterial Effect of Rambutan-Honey Pharmaceutical Grade to Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus 25

The Effect of Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) Leave Extract on Rat Collagen Density Post Tooth Extraction 26

The Effect of Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Leaf Extract Gel on Blood Vessel Number in Rat Post Teeth Extraction 27

Effect of Peanut Shell Extract (Arachis hypogaea L.) on Osteoclasts in Alveolar Bone of Wistar Rats induced by Aggre-gatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

28

Relationship between Skeletal Factors and Overbite Depth in The Mixed Dentition 29

The Effect of Nanotransfersome of Citrus Peel Extract (Citrus Aurantifolia Swingle) Towards TGF-β Expression by Mac-rophage in Wound Healing of White Rat’s Labial Mucosa

30

The Effectiveness of Dental Health Education to Kindergarten’ Students Parents Using Social Media Whatsapp at TK Tanassa Al-Arafah Malang

31

The Effect of Hydroxyapatite of Skipjack Fish Bone (Katsuwonus pelamis) Addition on The Surface Hardness of Self-Cured Acrylic Resins in Temporary Crowns

32

Proceedings of the 3rd ICBD 08-10 Oct 2021iii


TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page

Tofu Wastewater Toxicity Test for Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Gastric as Nutraceutical 33

Comparison of Vascular Amounts in The Healing Process of Wistar Rat Bones After Implantation of Tooth Graft with 20, 40, and 60 Mesh Sizes

34

Synthesis of Nanoliposomes Papaya Seed Extract and Characterization Using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) 35

Effect of Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) Soaking on Hardness of Nanofiller Composite Resin Surface 36

Gel (Physalis angulata L) with Triamcinolone Acetonide on PECAM-1 Expression and Wound closure in Healing of Traumaticus Ulcer on Mucosal Labial White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

37

The Difference Between Administration of Triamcinolone Acetonide with Physalis angulata Fruit Extract Gel to The Number of Macrophages and Cellular Expression of Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) in Labial Mucous Traumatic Ulcers Wound Healing of White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

38

The Correlation between the Severity Degree of Gingivitis Measured by Modified Gingival Index (MGI) with Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Volume

39

The Efficacy Test of Western-Bee (Apis mellifera) Honey Solution Against Porphyromonas gingivalis Bacteria Based on In Vitro by The Use of Agar Dilution Method

40

REVIEW ARTICLES

The Relationship between Glycaemic Control in Diabetes and the Severity of Periodontitis 41

Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Stimulation on Osteogenesis of Orthodontic Tooth Movement 42

Diagnosis of Dental Caries Using Saliva 43

Cinnamaldehyde as Ultrasonic Coolant for Reducing Bacterial Aerosol & Enhancing Chronic Periodontitis Healing 44

Correlation between Periodontal Diseases and COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 45

Chlorogenic Acids from Coffea canephora for Post Tooth Extraction : A Systematic Review 46

The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Salivary Contents 47

The Role of Toothbrush Counseling using ATP (Audio, Tactile, Performance) Method in Decreasing Plaque Index in Visual Impairment Children : A Literature Review

48

Effect Of Pediatric’s Syrup Drugs On The Erosion of Desiduous Teeth 49

Literature Review about The Role of Clinical Education Toward Achievement of Oral Radiology Competency of Pro-fessional Student

50

CASE REPORT

Diagnosis Challenge of Trigeminal Herpes Zoster Presenting Prodromal Odontalgia: A Case Report 51

Rehabilitation of Subtotal Maxillectomy Patient with Obturator 52

Irritation Fibroma on Labial Mucosa Caused by Ill-Fitting Immediate Denture 53

Management of Anxiety as Recurrent Intraoral Herpes Predisposing Factor in Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome Patient 54

Esthetic Smile Rehabilitation of Partial Edentulous Maxillary Teeth 55

Diagnostic Challenge of Oral Lesions in Post COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report 56

Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia on the Buccal Mucosa: A Case Report 57

Treatment Challenges of Necrotizing Ulcerative Stomatitis in Immunodeficiency Patient: A Case Report 58

Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst Associated with Unerupted Maxillary Central Incicives: Case Report 59

Retrieval of Mandibular Third Molar Displacement in Pterygomandibular Space : A Case Report 60

Management of Blandin-Nuhn Mucoceles in Rural Area: A Serial Cases Report 61

Direct Implant After Tooth Replantation Failure 62

Esthetic Splinting as a Therapy for Emergency Case in Patient with Periodontitis 63

Management of Oral Lichen Planus in Anemic Patient with Psychological Stress 64

Case of Recurrent Intraoral Herpes in Patient with Chronic Gastritis: Management and Clinical Approach 65

Preparing Dental Implant by Socket Preservation in a Chronic Periodontitis Patient: A Case Report 66

Oral Medicine Specialist In Lichenoid Drug Reaction due to Dental Restoration 67


Proceedings of the 3rd ICBD 08-10 Oct 2021 1

Correlation of Early Childhood Caries Prevalence with Feeding Pattern and Mother’s Behaviour in Maintaining Children’s Oral HygieneLuh Wayan Ayu Rahaswanti1*, Putri Rejeki2, Mia Ayustina Prasetya1, Ni Kadek Andry Novita Wijaya1

1 Department of Pediatric Dentistry2 Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Medical Faculty, Udayana University

* Corresponding author’s email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is one of the main oral problem in children worldwide. In 2016, The World Health Organization reported that the prevalence of ECC in Indonesian children aged 3 to 5 years old was 90% with caries index (dmft) value higher than 6. It means that Indonesian children were categorized as high risk toward ECC. Several factors have been reported to be risk factors for ECC as well. The aim of this study is to inves-tigate the correlation of ECC prevalence with feeding pattern and mother’s behaviour in maintaining children’s oral hygiene. Methods: This is a cross sectional study and conducted on 87 mother-toddler pairs in Klungkung regency of Bali, Indonesia. The questionnaires were collected through remote interviews while intraoral assessment was done through examining the self-taken pictures of the children by respondents. Chi-square analysis were used to determine the correlation among variables. Results: The result shows that there is a significant correlation between ECC prev-alence with feeding pattern (p value < 0.05) and mother’s behaviour in maintaining children’s oral hygiene (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that feeding patterns and mother’s behaviour in maintaining children’s oral hygiene have correlation with the presence of ECC.

Keywords: ECC, Children, Feeding patterns, Behaviour, Oral hygiene

RESEARCH ARTICLES



Correlation of Hepatocytes Number and Alt Ast Levels in Immunosuppressed Model with Oral Candidiasis Given Hyperbaric Oxygen Agni Febrina Pargaputri*, Dwi Andriani, Mardiyanto Riski Hartono

Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Liver is an organ composed mostly of hepatocytes. The use of immunosuppressive drugs excessively can cause damage to hepatocytes. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are two enzymes most associated with liver cell damage. Injury to hepatocytes could result in an increase of these enzymes in blood circulation. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of hepatocytes number and ALT AST levels in immunosuppressed rats with oral candidiasis after hyperbaric oxygen treatment. Methods: Fifteen male wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups: G1 (healthy group), G2 (immunosuppressed rats with oral candidiasis), and G3 (immunosuppressed rats with oral candidiasis treated with hyperbaric oxygen). The immunosuppressed condi-tion was made by giving dexamethasone 0.5 mg/day and tetracycline 1 %/day orally for 14 days. Candida albicans 0,1 cc was applied on the dorsum tongue of rats using a sterile cotton bud, given once every two days. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment 2,4 ATA was given for 5 days continuously. Liver and blood samples were collected for counting hepatocytes and serum ALT AST levels. Data were statistically analyzed by Pearson’s correlation test. Results: Sta-tistically significant difference in the number of hepatocytes (p< 0.05) was observed between G1 and G2, G2 and G3, but not between G1 and G3. Regarding ALT and AST levels, there was no significant difference between each group (p>0,05). The correlation test showed there was no significant correlation between hepatocytes number with ALT and AST levels (p>0,05). Conclusion: The decrease of hepatocytes number in immunosuppressed rats with oral candidiasis was not accompanied by changes in the function of the livers by examining the ALT and AST levels.

Keywords: ALT AST, Hepatocytes, Immunosuppressed, Oral candidiasis, Hyperbaric oxygen



The Correlation between Skull Type and Facial Type in Balinese Orthodontic Patients Putu Ika Anggaraeni1*, I Gusti Kade Ira Purbasari2, Louise Cinthia Hutomo1, Annisa Ayu Rachmayani1

1 Department of Orthodontics, Program Study of Dentistry, Medical Faculty Udayana University, Jimbaran, Indonesia2 Department of Prosthodontics, Program Study of Dentistry, Medical Faculty Udayana University, Jimbaran, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Extra oral examination has become one of the standard procedures in determining diagnosis and or-thodontic treatment plan. The examination includes skull index and facial index examinations, and classify them according to Martin and Saller Classification. Skull and facial type has a lot of different varieties which affect by race, gender, age, genetic, and environment factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation of skull type with facial type in Balinese Orthodontic patients. Methods: This is a cross sectional study and conducted on 33 Balinese orthodontic patients aged 18-25 years old in Udayana University Hospital, Bali, Indonesia. The sampling technique was purposive sampling and chi-square analysis were used to determine the correlation among variables. Results: The result shows that the most frequent skull type is brachycephalic (39.4% or 13 patients), while the most frequent facial type is hyperleptoprosopic (78.8% or 26 patients). The Fisher Exact test shows that there is no significant correlation between skull type and facial type in balinese orthodontic patients (p value > 0.05). Conclusions: The conclusion of this study is that skull type does not affect facial type in balinese orthodontic patients.

Keywords: Skull type, Facial type, Balinese



Qualitative Study of SOCA (Student Oral Case Analysis) as Assessment Instruments in Dental StudentsNyka Dwi Febria1*, Yomanda Dea Damara2

1 Departement of Medical Education, Program Study of Dentistry, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta 2 Program Study of Dentistry, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Education and learning are two terms that have different contexts in the same scope. Each learning method that has been implemented requires an evaluation that is used as a benchmark for the success of a learning method. Aligning the tutorial with PBL (Problem Based Learning) and CBL (Case Based Learning) methods is evalu-ated in the form of SOCA (Student Oral Case Analysis). SOCA is one of the oral exams that began to be applied to students in the 2017 class year at the Dental Study Program at the University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. The aim of this study was to determine the implementation of SOCA, the benefits of SOCA and the perceived impact of SOCA. Method: This research is a qualitative study using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method. Data collection in this study was carried out through online interviews with six informants. The informants in this study were selected through a purposive sampling technique. Results: This study to indicate that the examiner has an effect on the objectivity of the assessment, the SOCA exam scenario is good and easy to understand, some informants say the time provided is still lacking. SOCA implementation refers to scenario PBL (Problem Base Learning) and CBL (Case Base Learning). This scenario was discussed in tutorial learning. So that is easier for student to get passed in SOCA exam. The benefits of SOCA include increasing the ability to analyze cases, SOCA can be used as learning evaluation materials, and stimulate active learning. Conclusion: SOCA has positive and negative impacts. The nega-tive impact felt, among others, causes fear and focus on other lessons is reduced.

Keywords: Evaluation, SOCA, Examination



An Overview Level of Anxiety Among Dentists Towards COVID-19 Transmission Risk in SamarindaNasya Febrina Putri1*, Cicih Bhakti Purnamasari2, Dewi Arsih Sulistiani3

1 Program Study of Dentistry, Medical Faculty Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia 2 Department of Medical and Dental Education, Medical Faculty Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia 3 Department of Oral Biology, Medical Faculty Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Dental practice has a level of susceptibility towards the spread of COVID-19 due to inhalation risk of aerosols or droplets resulting from procedures using ultrasonic scalers, high-speed handpiece, and three-way syringe. The transmission affects the psychological responses of dentists because of the risk of cross-infection due to contact with blood and saliva. Besides being anxious about the spread of the virus, dentists have to work in unusual con-ditions, making the service much more tiring and triggering psychological problems. This study aimed to identified level of anxiety among dentists towards COVID-19 transmission risk in Samarinda. Methods: This sample was deter-mined by purposive sampling according to inclusion criteria and 69 dentists have participated in this study. The data were collected by google form using Zung-Self Rating Anxiety Scale. The collected data served with a cross-table to present distribution and frequency. Results: The result showed highest incidences in early adults with 50 (72,5%) dentists, women with 53 (76,8%) dentists, and already married with 57 (82,6%) dentists. Conclusion: The conclusion showed they were having mild (91,3%) and moderate (8,7%) anxiety.

Keywords: COVID-19, Anxiety, Dental Practice, Dentist



Biphasic Effects of Genistein on Vascular Endothelial Cells in the Ovariectomized RatsNur Permatasari1*, Nurdiana2

1 Faculty of Dentistry, Departement of Oral Biology,Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia2 Faculty of Medicine, Departement of Pharmacology, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Genistein is a plant-derived estrogen-like that has multiple effects, including its ability to ameliorate endothelial dysfunction in ovariectomized rats. However, genistein can also inhibit tyrosine protein kinases resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis. Our objective was to study the effects of genistein on the amounts and function of en-dothelial cells of ovariectomized rats. Methods: Twenty female mature Wistar rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy. Four groups of ovariectomized rats were formed, three groups treated with genistein doses of 0.1 (low), 0.5 (moder-ate), and 1 mg/kg body weight (high), respectively orally daily four weeks after ovariectomy, and the ovariectomized rats without treatment represented are a positive control group. Five female rats without ovariectomy and genistein supplementation were the normal groups. The endothelial cell number was measured using hematoxylin-eosin stain-ing, and endothelial cell function was evaluated through the vasodilatory level in endothelium-intact isolated rat aortic rings. The data were analyzed using an LSD posthoc test with a significant difference at p<0.05. Results: The endothelial cell number and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation of ovariectomized rats supplemented with genistein in low and moderate doses increased significantly compared with the positive control group, but it was still significantly different from the normal group. In contrast, both variables in the group treated with genistein in high doses have no significant difference (from ovariectomized rats. Conclusion: The study shows that genistein has a biphasic response to ovariectomized rat endothelial cells, in number also its function.

Keywords: Genistein, Endothelial cells, Ovariectomy



Self Assessment of Dental Care Needs by Student’s Parent of SDN Pandanwangi 1 as A Preliminary Study Sinta Candra Wardani1*, Ariyati Retno Pratiwi2, Azimah Nurin Nafilah3, Sakinah Azzahra Adam3, Anifa Rohmawati3, Sabrina Anissizi3

1 Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia2 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia3 Dentistry Education Program , Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Dental and oral health is one of the factors that can be determine a person’s quality of life. Based on Riskesdas, DMF-T index in elementary school students in Malang City is high. Dental and oral health in children play a role in speech development, which is important for communication and socializing. Thus, it is important for every parent to know dental and oral condition of their child to determine the dental need. Objective of this prelim-inary study is to record parent’s assessment of dental care needs, it can be used to determine dental and oral health community campaign or individual intervention at SDN Pandanwangi 1. Method: Respondents were 105 parents of grade 2 students at SDN Pandanwangi 1. The questionnaire consisted of two components. The first is a test to see their basic knowledge about dental health in children. Consists of 10 questions and given a score of 0-100. Then they were asked to check the condition of their child’s teeth and fill it into second questionnaire to see their assessment of dental and oral health status and dental need in their child. Results: The results for parental knowledge majority are fair, with range 50-70. Meanwhile, the results of the assessment were fairly low result. The Spearman test result is 0.077, so there is no significant correlation between the level of knowledge and the results of assessment. Conclu-sion: It shows that student’s parents are still need counseling on how to check and assess decayed teeth, also about the importance of early treatment caries.

Keywords: Dental Health Survey, DMF Indexes, Self Assessment



Parent Education Program Through Dental Health Education (DHE) Video for Mental Disabilities Children Renie Kumala Dewi1*, Beta Widya Oktiani2, Haluanry Doane Santoso3, Ika Kusuma Wardani4

1 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia2 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia3 Department of Prostodontia, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia4 Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Mental disablities children experienced a delayed mental development. The clinical problems in the oral cavity of mental disablilities children are periodontal disease and dental caries. The implementation of dental health education can increase the awareness of the people living in wetlands. Mental disablilities children have low intelligence levels. Therefore, the making of interactive animated videos with Makaton modification as education media is important to maintain oral health as a self-care during the Covid pandemic. The role of parents is very im-portant in the treatment of their children’s teeth by providing examples and motivation in maintaining oral health. Methods: A quasi-experiment with pretest and posttest without control design. Samples were obtained through a simple random sampling. Total of 38 parents filled the questionnaire as a pretest, then were asked to watch a Dental Health Education (DHE) animation video for moderate mental disabilities children living in wetlands on the preven-tion of dental caries during the Covid pandemic. The samples were asked to fill the same questionnaire after 20 days. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon statistical test. Results: The pretest showed the parent education score of 39.5% for medium, 36.8% for excellent, and 23.7% for poor. The posttest showed a score of 44.7% for excellent, 29.5% for medium, and 15.8% for poor. The result of the Wilcoxon test showed p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Con-clusion: There is an effect of parent education program through Dental Health Education (DHE) video for mental disabilities children during the Covid pandemic live in wetland.

Keywords: Parent education program, Animation video, Dental health education, Mental disabilities children



Potential of Bioactive Compounds of Papaya Seed in Inhibiting MMP-9 Activity: In Silico Study Ratih Pusporini*

Departemen of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation that occurs in the periodontal tissue, which damages the sup-porting teeth. Moreover, periodontitis can worsen the metabolic control of diabetes. At the same time, the prolifer-ation activity of fibroblasts in diabetic patients decreases, the activity of collagenase and MMP-9 increases, and the healing time is prolonged. This study aim to test the potential of bioactive compounds of papaya seed through virtual screening in inhibiting MMP-9 activity. Methods: Samples were prepared for bioactive compounds consisting of sal-icylic acid, ferulic acid, resveratrol, vanillic acid, mandelic acid, caffeic acid, methoxyphenylacetic acid. Prediction of drug-like molecules in papaya seeds bioactive compounds was carried out according to the Lipinski Rule of Five. Furthermore, the simulation of the binding of the papaya seed bioactive compound with the target protein was car-ried out using the blind docking method. Then, the interactions formed from the molecular docking simulation are continued with chemical bond interaction analysis and molecular visualization. Results: All compounds contained in papaya seeds can act as drug-like molecules because they meet more than two Lipinski rules. These compounds are predicted to reach intracellular target proteins by crossing cell membranes and triggering specific activities when forming molecular complexes with target proteins. Conclusion: Papaya seed bioactive compounds that were deter-mined through in silico study have potential to inhibit MMP-9 activity in diabetic periodontitis by binding to the active site with weak bond interactions such as hydrogen, Van der Waals, pi, and alkyl.

Keywords: Papaya Seeds, Bioactive, MMP-9, Periodontitis, Diabetes



Tofu Wastewater Toxicity Test as Nutraceutical on Wistar Rat’s (Rattus norvegicus) KidneyTrining Widodorini1*, Naurah Rana Khansa Salsabila2

1 Department of Preventive Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The production of tofu produces tofu liquid as a wastewater containing isoflavones. Isoflavones can be used as nutraceuticals. The excretion of nutraceuticals in the body mainly occurs in the kidneys, so it is necessary to know their safety for consumption. This study is to determine the safety of tofu wastewater as nutraceutical for the kidney of Wistar Rat (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This study used a sample of 48 Wistar Rats divided into 6 groups: control group (K), dose 1 which given 6ml/KgBW group (D1), dose 2 which given 12ml/KgBW group (D2), dose 3 which given 18ml/KgBW group (D3), satellite dose 1 group (S1), and satellite dose 3 group (S3). Tofu wastewater was given out for 28 days and an additional 14 days without treatment in the satellite group. Kidney histopathological was observed using a microscope with a magnification of 400x. Results: The Kruskall-wallis test showed there was a significant differences in renal histopathological damage in each groups (p=0,025). The Mann-Whitney test showed there was significant differences in the dose 1 (D1) group, dose 2 (D2) group, dose 3 (D3) group, satellite dose 1 (S1) group, and satellite dose 3 (S3) group toward the control group (K). Conclusion: Tofu wastewater with multilevel doses can cause toxic effect in the form of kidney histopathological damage, however there is a healing process or reversible effect in the satellite group.

Keywords: Toxicity test, Tofu wasteover, Kidney histopathology



Increasing The Compressive Strenght of Self Cured Acrylic with Addition of Nanohydroxyapatite from Bovine Bone as A Basic Material for Dental Models in Prosthodontics Clinical Skills Learning Citra Insany Irgananda1*, Fatima1, David Setya Hutama Putra2

1 Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The sharpening of bridge denture preparation skills must be obtained during the pre-clinical period of dental education, supported by the development of adequate learning media. One of the developments is using dental models made from self-cured acrylic. However, the value of the mechanical properties of self cured acrylic is still smaller than that of tooth enamel, so it is necessary to add certain materials to improve the characteristics. One of the materials that can be added is nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone. It is very beneficial especially when it functions as a filler in the polymer matrix because it can increase the compressive strength of a material. Objec-tives: To determine the compressive strength of self-cured acrylic cylinder with the addition of nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone. Methods: This study used an observational analytic approach with a post test only control group design. This study involved self cured acrylic as the control group, and self cured acrylic with the addition of 2%, 5%, and 8% nanohidroxyapatite as the treatment group. The data obtained was analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. Results: Based the test, it is obtained p <0.005 that means there is a the difference between the control group and the treatment group. The higher mean number of compressive strength is in the sample with addition of 8% nanohi-droxyapatite (94.85 MPa). Conclusion: There was an increase in the compressive strength of self cured acrylic with addition of nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as basic material for dental models in prosthodontics clinical skills learning.

Keywords: Compressive Strength, Self Cured Acrylic, Nanohydroxyapatite, Bovine Bone



The Effect of Aloe Vera L Extract for Reducing Candida Albicans Colonies in Removable Orthodontic AppliancesEndah Damaryanti1*, Mochamad Zainal Adim2

1 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang, Indonesia

* Corresponding author’s email:[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The use of removable orthodontic appliances which poorly maintained, especially in the acrylic base components, will increase the number of Candida albicans colonies. To maintain an acrylic base of removable or-thodontic appliances we can soak it in herbal substance such as Aloe vera extract. This extract contains of Tanin, Saponin and antifungal. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Aloe vera extract on the number of Candida albicans colonies on Acrylic Base of Removable Orthodontic Appliances. Methods:This research used 24 samples divided into 5 groups, consisting of 2 control groups: 0.2% aquadest and chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% and 3 treatment groups: Aloe vera extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%. The final result is cal-culated the number of Candida albicans colonies using a colony counter. Results: Oneway ANOVA test showed that there were significant differences between the treatment group and the control group as a whole (p <0.05). The results of the Pearson correlation test showed a value of -0.902 indicating that the higher concentration of Aloe vera extract, the lower number of Candida albicans colonies. The results of the Regression test showed a value of 0.814 indicating the effect of the concentration of Aloe vera extract on the number of colonies of Candida albicans was 81.4%. Conclusion: Aloe extract is effective in reducing Candida albicans colonies on the acrylic base of removable orthodontic appliances.

Keywords: Aloe vera extract, Candida albicans, acrylic base, Removable orthodontic appliance



Effect of Additional Hydroxyapatite Bone Powder of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) on The Hardness of Heat Cured Acrylic ResinDiwya Nugrahini Hapsari1*, Sinta Candra Wardani1, Ryana Kusuma Hapsari2

1 Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang, Indonesia2 Undergraduate Dentistry Study Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Loss of teeth for a long time without replacement of teeth will cause changes in the arrangement of teeth and can distrub in speech, mastication, and aesthetic functions. One of the ways to handle this case is the use of dentures. Dentures are generally made of heat cured polymethyl-methacrylate (PMAA) acrylic resin which has a disadvantage of low hardness. This can affect the mechanical properties of heat cure acrylic resin, namely hardness. There must be a way to overcome the low hardness of acrylic resin by adding reinforcing agents to its composition. The material used is hydroxyapatite of skipjack tuna bones. This research is aimed to determine the hardness of heat cured acrylic resin when added hydroxyapatite synthesized from skipjack tuna bones. Methods: The research meth-od used posttest only group design, that was conducted using 27 samples of 60x15x2.5 mm3 heat cured acrylic resin plates. The samples were divided into 3 groups, namely groups with the addition of 0%, 2%, and 5% hydroxyapa-tite each of the polymer’s weight.The hardness of all samples was measured using a micro-Vickers hardness tester. Results: The results showed the average hardness of acrylic resin without addition was 19.57 HV, with the addition of 2% was 22.85 HV and the addition of 5% was 27.07 HV. Based on the results of the analysis, the results of the one-way Anova test showed a significance value of p<0.05. Conclusion: There is an increasing of hardness of heat cured acrylic resin by adding hydroxyapatite powder of skipjack tuna.

Keywords: Heat cured acrylic resin, Hardness, Hydroxyapatite, Skipjack tuna



The Effectivity of Nanotransfersome Gel of Citrus aurantifolia Swingle Peel Extract on The Healing Process of Labial RatsNenny Prasetyaningrum1*, Diena Fuadiyah1, Khusnul Munika L2, Qaulan Hadits Tsaqila3

1 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia.2 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia3 Dentistry Education Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Ulcer is a common oral lesion, characterized by the excavation of mucosal epithelial tissue and caus-ing pain.Citrus aurantifolia Swingle peel extract contains flavonoids as an anti-inflammatory in the wound healing process. The elasticity of the nanotransfersome increases flexibility across mucous membranes. This study aimed to determine the effect of topical Citrus aurantifolia Swingle peel extract nanotransfersome gel on macrophages in labial ulcers of rats. Methods: Preparation nanotransfersome gel of Citrus aurantifolia Swingle peel extract by sonication method. Randomized Post Test Only Control Group with time series on days 3 and 7 (32 rats), with the division: group K (control), P1 (given nanotransfersome gel of Citrus aurantifolia Swingle peel extract), P2 (given Citrus auran-tifolia Swingle peel extract), and P3 (given herbal medicine with aloe vera gel standard). Applications on mucosal wounds are carried out in the morning and evening. Macrophage cell count with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining with 400x magnification/ five fields of view. Results: The results of the Independent T-Test, One Way ANOVA, and Post Hoc Tukey test showed a significant difference in the number of macrophage cells between each group (p<0.05) and the results of the Pearson test showed a positive correlation on the third day and a negative correlation on the seventh day (p<0.05). Conclusion: Citrus aurantifolia Swingle peel extract nanotransfersome gel topically has an effect on macrophages on the healing process of labial ulcers.

Keywords: Ulcer, Healing Process, Nanotransfersome Gel, Citrus aurantifolia Swingle Peel, Macrophages



Improving Oral Health Knowledge of “Little Dentist” by Using Online Platform on Covid-19 Pandemic Era on Elementary School Students in MalangMerlya Balbeid1*, Dyah Nawang Palupi P1, Renita Rahma Chairu Nisa2

1 Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang 653142 Dentistry Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang 65314


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The cause of dental and oral disease at children is a lack of knowledge in maintaining health. Preven-tive efforts to decrease incidence are by counseling or health education. Oral health education for children aged 11-12 years can increase knowledge. Especially in continuing health program called “little dentist’ programme. Oral Health Education during the Covid-19 pandemic can be held via online. The aim of this study was to know the difference knowledge level before and after with audio visual technique used platform zoom meeting for “little dentist” in elementary school in Malang. Methods: This study used the pre experimental method with One group pre-test-posttest design. The sample in this study were 30 student as little dentist. The sampling technique is performed with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were collected by using the results of pre-test and post-test as many as five multiple choice questions via Google form. Results: Most of the little dentist had knowledge at a moderate level at the pre-test score of 56.7%. The results of the post-test scores after the intervention showed that the little dentist’s knowledge was at a high level of 53.3%. Subsequent analysis uses the Wilcoxon test to determine the difference in the value of knowledge and obtained a value of p = 0.00 (p < 0.05), there was a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test scores obtained before and after being given intervention through zoom. Conclusion: There is a signif-ficant difference in the level of knowledge before and after oral health education with online audio visual technique little dentists in elementary school student in Malang.

Keywords: Improving Oral Health Knowledge, Online platform, Knowledge level, Little dentist, Elementary School students



The Effect of Eggshell Powder on Osteoblast in Alveolar Bone Defect Healing Diena Fuadiyah1*, Retty Ratnawati2, Sari Kurniawati3, Rudhanton Sidharta4, Viranda Sutanti3, Astika Swastirani5, Raissa Giovanni6, Jesica Christi6, Yulia Pertiwi6, Indira Indah Farahdiba6, Lyvia Christie6

1 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya2 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia3 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia4 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia5 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia6 Program Study of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Bone defect is one of the most common problems encountered in the alveolar bone. Osteoblast is an important component in the bone healing process. Osteoblast cell plays an important role in bone matrix synthesis and bone matrix mineralization. Synthetic hydroxyapatite is biocompatible, osteoconductive and able to merge with bone well. The eggshell has a high calcium carbonate so that it can be used as a source of hydroxyapatite synthesis. Methods: Laboratory experimental with in vivo true experimental design and Randomized Post Test Only Controlled Group Design method on male Wistar rat. The samples were divided as the Negative Control (C-) group (the group that was not given bone defect nor eggshell powder), the Experimental 1 (E1) group (the group that was given bone defect but not given eggshell powder), and the Experimental 2 (E2) group (the group that was given bone defect and eggshell powder). The eggshell powder was given in 42 days. On the 43th day, the rats were euthanized. The histological preparations from the mandibular bone of male Wistar rats were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain-ing. The observation and calculation of the number of osteoblasts were done under microscope with 1000x mag-nification. Results: The ANOVA test result showed a significant increase of the number of osteoblast cell in the E2 group (p<0,05). The Post-Hoc test results shows a significant difference between E1 and E2 group. Conclusion: The administration of chicken eggshell powder can affect the number of osteoblast cell in the mandibular bone healing of male Wistar rat.

Keywords: Osteoblast, Hydroxyapatite, Alveolar Bone Defect



Toxicity Test of Kelakai Leaves Extract (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm) Bedd) to BHK-21 Fibroblast Cells In VitroFarida1*, I Wayan Arya Krishnawan Firdaus2, Maharani Laillyza Apriasari3

1 Dentistry Faculty Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin2 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Lambung Mangkurat3 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Lambung Mangkurat


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Kelakai is a plant often found in South Kalimantan. Kelakai leaves are often consumed as vegetables and are believed to be able to treat various diseases. Kelakai leaves also have antibacterial properties against patho-genic bacteria in the oral cavity. Kelakai leaf extract contains several compounds, such as flavonoids, phenols, tan-nins, and steroids, so that the extract can be an effective mouthwash. Kelakai leaf extract as a mouthwash must be safe for oral tissues whose safety can be known through IC50 value of toxicity test kelakai leaves extract to the BHK-21 fibroblast cells in vitro. Method: This study was true laboratory experimental with a posttest-only with control group design; consisting of 11 groups with 2 control groups, cell control and media control, and 9 treatment groups of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%. This study used the MTT assay method in the form of color absorbance value, and the calculation for the percentage of cell viability was conducted. Results: The results of the study show that viability with the concentration of 10-30% was less than 60%, and the concentration of 40-90% was more than 60%, and the IC50 value was 15.196%. Conclusion: Kelakai leaves extract with the concentration of 10-30% has a toxicity effect, while the concentration of 40-90% does not. Based on the IC50 value, kelakai leaves extract does not have a toxicity effect against BHK-21 fibroblast cells.

Keywords: Kelakai leaf, BHK-21 fibroblast cell, Toxicity



The Relationship Between Society’s Knowledge with Dental Anxiety and Expectations Towards Dental Services During COVID-19 Pandemic EraAnggiona Dwi Nawang Sasi1, Isabela Anjani1, Yuanita Lely Rachmawati2*

1 Dentistry Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Department of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The ease of COVID-19 transmission through droplets from infected individuals can cause dental anx-iety due to the high risk of its exposure during dental visits. High level of health knowledge about a pandemic can help people to reduce the dental anxiety. Society have expectations towards everything related to dental treat-ment and health protocols that are applied especially during the pandemic. Methods: This research was conducted through an online survey with a snowballing sampling technique, and distributed via social media. This survey con-sists of three questionnaires to assess knowledge about COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to asses one’s dental anxiety and expectations towards dental services during pandemic era. Results: 530 respondents have participated in this study. The results showed that the average score of respondents’ knowledge was 9.41, and dominated by high level of knowledge (71.1%). The average score of respondents’ dental anxiety was 12.89, and dominated by no anxiety (72.3%). The average score of resepondents’ expectations was 45.25, and dominated by high level of expectations (97.7%). The results of the Spearman correlation test between the total knowledge score and the total dental anxi-ety score showed significant results (rs=-0.104, p<0.05), the total knowledge score and the total expectations score also showed significant results (rs=0.257, p<0.01). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between society’s knowledge with dental anxiety and expectations towards dental services during COVID-19 pandemic era.

Keywords: COVID-19, Dental anxiety, Dental services, Expectations, Knowledge



Correlation between Dentists’ Knowledge and Management of Dental Patients Toward COVID-19 Pandemic in Badung Regen-cy, BaliNi Putu Kristiana Pratiwi1*, Mia Ayustina Prasetya2, Eka Pramudita Ramadhany3

1 School of Dentistry, Medical Faculty, Udayana University2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Medical Faculty, Udayana University3 Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Medical Faculty, Udayana University


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an epidemic that is currently advancing rapidly in the world. The coronavirus transmission can be through several routes such as droplets, airborne, indirect contacts, fecal-oral, maternal, and aerosols. Dentist is considered as a high risk occupation regarding the corona virus transmission be-cause most of in office dental procedures will generate aerosols, droplets, and airborne contamination. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the dentists’ level of knowledge and management of dental patients toward COVID-19 pandemic at their private practices in Badung Regency, Bali. Methods: This study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional analytic design through online questionnaires on 94 respondents. The chi-square test was conducted to analyze the data. Results: The result of this study is 52% (49 out of 94) respondents have a good level of knowledge and 66% (62 out of 94) respondents conduct good patient management. The chi-square analysis shows that there is a significant correlation between the dentist’ level of knowledge with the dental patient management (p value = 0.000). Conclusion: The dentists’ level of knowledge is affecting the patient management during COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords: COVID-19, dentist, knowledge, patient management



The Effect of Mauli Banana Stem Gel (Musa acuminata) on Biofilm Mass of Streptococcus mutans The Causes of Dental CariesAkhmad Farhansyah Ibrahim1*, Amy Nindia Carabelly2, Deby Kania Tri Putri3, Lia Yulia Budiarti4, Maharani Laillyza Apriasari5

1 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, South Borneo2 Departement of Oral Pathology Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, South Borneo3 Departement of Biomedic Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, South Borneo4 Departement of Oral Medicine Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, South Borneo5 Departement of Microbiology Medical School of Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, South Borneo


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia reaches 88.8%, and the province of South Kalimantan ranks second with rate of 86.9%. Streptococcus mutans is the main etiologic causing dental caries, because it can form biofilms. Streptococcus mutans form biofilms by producing glucosyltransferase enzymes and matrix extracel-lular polymeric substances. Mauli banana is typical plant of South Kalimantan. Mauli banana stems are proven to have antibacterial and antifungal properties, but it is not yet known have antibiofilm properties. Methods: Antibiofilm potential was assessed based on percentage of remaining biofilm mass and percentage reduction in biofilm mass. This study used 10 groups, group 1 was given 0.2% chlorhexidine gel, group 2 wasn’t given treatment, group 3 was the media control, and group 4-10 was given Mauli banana stem gel with concentration of 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, 62.5% and 75%. All groups were incubated 18 hours, then stained with crystal violet and observed using microplate reader. Results: The Mann-Whitney showed significant difference in all treatment groups. Conclu-sion: MBSG is an antibiofilm against the biofilm of S.mutans.

Keywords: Biofilm, Crystal violet, Mauli banana stem gel, S.mutans



Effect of Acemannan Paste on TNF-α Expression in Periapical Tissues Inducted by Enterococcus faecalisYuli Nugraeni1*, Nenny Prasetyaningrum2, Regitha Dwi Bestari3

1 Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya2 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya3 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pulpitis Irreversible is a root canal inflammation that can be caused by Enterococcus faecalis. Root canal treatment can be done to eradicate pulp necrosis but in some cases bacteria may still persist. Immune respons-es that may happen during inflammation is the increasing expression of sitokin inflammation especially TNF-α. The acemannan as a bioactive polysaccharide component of Aloe Vera was known to be used in herbal medicine. It also can be used as anti inflammatory and anti-bacterial. Methods: This study used a sample of 22 Rattus norvegicus that had been induced by Enterococcus faecalis in the apical canal for 21 days. The research group was divided into six groups consisting of two control groups and 4 groups, each of which had the acemannan paste of 1 and 7 days, and also had the MTA of 1 and 7 days. After 1st and 7th day of paste application, the object was being sacrificed then made into a preparat and adding immunohistochemical staining afterwards, TNF-α was counted in every 5 field of views method using microscope. The data obtained was performed using a one-way ANOVA. Results: Based on the one-way ANOVA, obtained p <0.005 showed the difference of TNF-α numbers between the control group and the acemannan group has significantly different results, and the most degradation number of TNF-α occurs in the acemannan group. Conclusion: There was a significantly decreasing number of TNF-α after being given acemannan paste in Rattus norvegicus.

Keywords: Pulpitis Irreversible, Enterococcus faecalis, Acemannan, Endodontic Treatment



Effect of Natrium Fluoride to Nickel Ion Released and Surface Structure of Cuniti Wire in ChlorhexidineChatty Chatty1, Erliera Sufarnap2*, Kholidina Imanda Harahap3, Erick Rionaldi Porbadi Pane1

1 Undergraduate student, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia2 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia3 Department of Dental Material and Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera,

Indonesia

* Corresponding author email :[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) were reported as substances that could alter the tita-nium layer and would affect the corrosion resistance of CuNiTi. It was caused Nickel and other ions released and changed to its surface structure. Nickel is classified as a chemical carcinogen. This study was conducted to examine the NaF effect of corrosion of CuNiTi archwire in CHX mouthwashes (Nickel ion release and the surface structure analysis). Methods: 90 samples of CuNiTi archwires were divided into 3 groups according to its immersion solution. Group 1, artificial saliva (Saliva; control group); Group 2, Saliva and 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash (Saliva-CHX); Group 3, Saliva, 0.05% NaF, and 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash (Saliva-CHX NaF). The group further divided into 3 subgroups corresponding to the time of the archwire immersed, i.e., 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Samples analysed with atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Re-sults: The highest amount of nickel ion release was in Saliva-CHX NaF group compared to Saliva-CHX group for each time observation. The data obtained were analysed statistically by using Kruskal Wallis test to compare the amount of nickel release in week 2, 4 and 6. Nickel ions released were significantly different between mouthwashes solutions in all groups (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: The CuNiTi orthodontic wire is further susceptible to corrosion when NaF is included to CHX mouthwashes. The amount of nickel ion release of the study was within the safe limit.

Keywords: Nickel, Ion release, CuNiTi archwire, Chlorhexidine, Natrium fluoride



Averrhoa bilimbi L Extract Solution As A Tooth Extrinsic Stain RemoverKhusnul Munika Listari1*, Rudhanton2 , Yuli Nugraeni3 , Syafira Salsabila4

1 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya2 Department of Periodontology,, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya3 Departement Of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya4 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya

* Corresponding author email : [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Dental stains are pigmented deposits that can be a predisposing factor for periodontal disease and caused aesthetic problems. Chromogens from foods and beverages such as coffee can adhere to the tooth surface trough the pellicle and form deposits called extrinsic stains. Averrhoa Bilimbi L contains oxalic acid which has the potential to remove extrinsic stains of teeth trough oxidation mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Averrhoa Bilimbi L extract solution on extrinsic teeth stain removal. Methods: This study used a sample 24 of post extraction premolar teeth with extrinsic stains. The research group was divided into 4 groups consisting of control group (immersion in artificial saliva), T1 group (immersion in Averrhoa Bilimbi L extract solution 50%),T2 group (immersion in Averrhoa Bilimbi L extract solution 75%) and T3 group (immersion in Averrhoa Bilimbi L extract solution 100%) for 28 hours. Adobe Photoshop CC 2018 used to evaluate the difference color intensity (ΔE) in CieLAB system before and after the treatment. Results: Based on ANOVA test, obtained p < 0.05, showed there’s a significant difference within groups. Based on Post Hoc Post test obtained that the highest (ΔE) difference was in the T3 Group (Averrhoa Bilimbi L extract solution 100%). Pearson correlation analysis showed there is a positive correlation between concentration and colour intensity. Conclusion: Averrhoa Bilimbi L extract solution effective on extrinsic stain removal.

Keywords: TExtrinsic stain, Averrhoa Bilimbi L extract, Oxalic acid, Difference color intensity (ΔE)



Bleaching Effect of Oxalic Acid Averrhoa bilimbi.L to Enamel Roughness in VivoAsih Rahaju1*, Daswara Djajasasmita2, Euis Reni Yuslianti3, Fikri Alatas4

1 Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia2 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia3 Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi,

Indonesia4 Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Food and drink consumption causes tooth discoloration, used of whitening agent could improving tooth brightness but had side effect. Teeth whitening using chemicals can cause side effects on the hard tissue of the teeth and soft tissue. Averrhoe bilimbil.L was chosen as an alternative material for natural teeth whitening because the oxalic acid content can whiten teeth. The aim of this study was to determine effect of cucumber tree gel (Averrhoe bilimbil.L) as a tooth whitening agent on enamel roughness in vivo. Methods: This study was experimental laboratory with 27 rabbits divided into 3 groups: 50% Averrhoe bilimbil.L gel, 40% oxalic acid gel, negative control group. Previous rabbit incisors were coated with transparent varnish in the specied area. Exposure to the use of bleaching material were carried out for 4 hours within 14 days. Enamel roughness analyzed by Surface Roughness Tester. Data were analyzed statistically (ANOVA and LSD test, P<0.05). Results: There was a significant increase in the value of enamel roughness after treatment with Averrhoe bilimbil.L gel(p=0.027). LSD-test showed no significant differences between Averrhoe bilimbil.L and negative control (p=0.104). Conclusion: Averrhoe bilimbil.L have potential act as tooth whitening agent with minimal sideeffect to enamel roughness in vivo.

Keywords: Averrhoe bilimbil.L, bleaching, roughness



Antibacterial Effect of Rambutan-Honey Pharmaceutical Grade to Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureusEuis Reni Yuslianti1*, Boy M.Bachtiar2, Afifah B.Sutjiatmo3

1 Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia

2 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia3 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Rambutan-honey pharmaceutical grade (RHPG) is one of ingredients that have been used as a topical application for oral wound healing. Rambutan honey have been known contain rutin flavonoid compound, H2O2, glucose, and acid pH which causes its antibacterial activities. Microorganisms commonly found in the oral cavity such as Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus can be pathogenic if the wound environment is compro-mised. The aim of this study was to determine antibacterial effect of RHPG to Streptococcus mutans and Staphylo-coccus aureus bacterial growth. Methods: This study used a sample of rambutan-honey pharmaceutical grade divid-ed into 6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50%, and 100% concentrations. Each concentration tested with cup diffusion test on S. mutans and S. aureus and incubated for 18-24 hours. Antibacterial effect with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Data were analyzed statistically (ANOVA and Duncan test, P<0.05). Results: RHPG (6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50%, and 100% concentrations) has very strong antibacterial effect to S. mutans (p=0.000) with 23.22mm, 27.44mm, 29.89mm, 34.47mm, 37.23mm MIC respectively but has not antibacterial effect to S. aureus in whole concentration. Duncan test showed RHPG 50% concentration have optimum concentration as antibacterial. Conclusion: There was antibacterial effect of RHPG to Streptococcus mutans but did not have antibacterial activity against S. aureus.

Keywords: Antibacterial, Honey, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus



The Effect of Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) Leave Extract on Rat Collagen Density Post Tooth ExtractionNenny Prasetyaningrum1*, Aisyah Ardani Ramadhanti2

1 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Tooth extraction treatment causes damage to the mucosa and surrounding tissue. The body will repair the tissue after tooth extraction by forming collagen fibers. Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) leaves contain flavonoids that can help the formation of collagen fibers. This study was to determine the effect of giving tempuyung leaf extract on collagen formation after tooth extraction in rats. Methods: Male rats were extracted from the lower-left incisor, then divided into a control group without extract, and the treatment group was given tempuyung leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight orally once a day. The control group and the treatment group were decapitated on the 7th and 14th days after tooth extraction. Histological samples were stained with Masson’s Trichrome and observed using a digital microscope with a magnification of 40x. Results: The Mann-Whitney test showed that the collagen density in the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group on the 7th and 14th days after the extraction. Conclusion: Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) leaf extract effectively increased collagen density in the wound healing process after tooth extraction of rats.

Keywords: Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis) leaf, collagen fibers, tooth extraction



The Effect of Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Leaf Extract Gel on Blood Vessel Number in Rat Post Teeth ExtractionLukman Hakim Hidayat1*, Miftakhul Cahyati1, Agil Fajar Ramadon2

1 Department of Oral Disease, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Angiogenesis plays a role in wound healing to supply oxygen and nutrients to the wound area. Cher-ry leaf extract (Muntingia calabura L.) contains flavonoid compounds that can trigger angiogenesis and help in wound healing. The study aimed to explore the effect of giving ethanol extract gel of cherry leaves on the number of blood vessels in the socket of rats after tooth extraction. Methods: 24 male rats with maxillary incisors extracted were divided into six groups, consisting of three control groups without extract and the other three groups given a cherry leaf extract gel 50%. The gel was administered twice a day on the post-extraction rat tooth sockets. The tooth socket tissue sampling was carried out in the control and treatment groups on the third, fifth, and seventh days after extraction, respectively. The number of blood vessels was calculated from the histological preparations of the tooth sockets stained with Hemaxtocylin-Eosin. Results: The unpaired t-test showed a significant difference between the treatment and control groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Kersen leaf ethanol extract gel can stimulate the formation of blood vessels in the rat tooth socket after extraction.

Keywords: Kersen leaf extract gel (Muntingia calabura L.), tooth extraction, blood vessels



Effect of Peanut Shell Extract (Arachis hypogaea L.) on Osteoclasts in Alveolar Bone of Wistar Rats induced by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansDiena Fuadiyah1*, Ilyas Kurniawan2

1 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth that causes alveolar bone resorption. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) is one factor that plays a role in the incidence of periodon-titis. Peanut shell (Arachis hypogaea L.) contains flavonoids such as luteolin, which affect an anti-inflammatory agent. This study aims to determine the effect of peanut shell extract on the number of osteoclasts in the alveolar bone of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by Aa bacteria. Methods: The research group consisted of 5 groups, and the negative control group was not given any treatment, while the positive control group and the treatment group were induced with Aa bacteria concentration of ±1x108 cells/ml for three weeks. The treatment group was further divided into three groups, and each group was also given ethanol extract of peanut shells orally at doses of 50 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW, and 200 mg/kg BW. Osteoclast cells in alveolar bone were counted from histological preparations of Hematoxylin-Eosin in rat mandible. Results: ANOVA analysis showed that the number of osteoclasts in the alveolar bone in the treatment group was significantly less (p<0.05) than the positive control group. Conclusion: Peanut shell ethanol extract significantly affected rat alveolar bone osteoclast cells induced by Aa bacteria.

Keywords: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), periodontitis, peanut shell extract, osteoclast



Relationship between Skeletal Factors and Overbite Depth in The Mixed DentitionSari Kurniawati1*, Tsauri Qiami Laely2

1 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Deep bite is a condition that indicates an excess of overbite. Overbite has a normal value of 1/3 of the clinical crown of the lower incisors covered by the upper incisors. The increasing prevalence of deep bite in the mixed dentition are due to the change of deciduous teeth into permanent teeth. Deep bite case that is not resolved immediately can cause more severe malocclusion problems in the permanent dentition, such as soft tissue trauma, tooth wear, damaged periodontal tissues, tooth loss and mobility, and abnormalities in TMJ. This research focus is determining the relationship between skeletal factors and overbite depth in the mixed dentition using Steiner analy-sis. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design with an analytical approach. The research sample used a study model and lateral cephalometric radiograph of patients at Rumah Sakit Universitas Brawijaya, Department of Orthodontics. The sample exclusion criteria were damaged sample, sample showing an open bite image, and cepha-lometric radiograph with severe craniofacial damage. There were 57 samples. Measurement of overbite is done using calipers. Cephalometric measurements were performed using Steiner analysis of the skeletal angle of SNA, SNB, and SNGoGn. Results: The data analysis used descriptive statistics and the Spearman correlation test with confidence level up to 95%. The Spearman test angle is carried out by connecting the skeletal angle to the overbite depth. The re-sults were: SNA (r= -0,116 p=0,391), SNB (r=-0,154 p=0,253), and SNGoGn (r=0,034 p=0,802). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between skeletal factors and overbite depth in the mixed dentition.

Keywords: Overbite, Deep bite, Skeletal Factors



The Effect of Nanotransfersome of Citrus Peel Extract (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) Towards TGF-β Expression by Macrophage in Wound Healing of White Rat’s Labial MucosaNenny Prasetyaningrum1*, Alda Firgita Islami2

1 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) is an important growth factor in the wound healing process. The flavonoid substance in citrus peel is believed could induce TGF-β. In making substance based on natural ingre-dients, nanoparticles can be formed to increase their bioavailability. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nanotransfersome of Citrus Peel Extract (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) Towards TGF-β Expression by macrophage in Wound Healing of White Rat’s Labial Mucosa. Methods: The experimental study in vivo had been carried out with the thermal induction of white rat’s labial mucosa which were divided into four groups. Then each group was induced on the 3rd and 7th day. The groups consist of : negative control group (K), positive control group with triam-cinolone acetonide 0,1% (K+7), extract group (PA), nanotransfersome group (PB). Observation of TGF-β expression was carried out by immunohistochemistry staining process and light microscopy with magnification of 1000x. Re-sults: The data analysis using the one way ANOVA showed the highest average number of TGF-β expressions in the nanotransfersome group. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that nanotransfersome of Citrus Peel Extract (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) could be affected in increasing the number of TGF-β expression during wound healing in white rat’s labial mucosa.

Keywords: TGF-β, Nanotransfersome of citrus peel extract, Traumatic ulcer



The Effectiveness of Dental Health Education to Kindergarten’ Students Parents Using Social Media Whatsapp at TK Tanassa Al-Arafah MalangDyah Nawang Palupi Pratamawari1*, Elzi Luthfi Hakim2

1 Department of Preventive Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The Indonesian people that have dental and oral health issues are increased from 23% in 2007 to 25,9 % in 2013 according to the RISKESDAS data. One of the reasons for someone having dental and oral health issues is their lack of teeth and oral education. This research aims to analyse the effectiveness of education through social media (Whatsapp) on kindergarten students’ parent’s knowledge about dental and oral health. Method: The method that used in this research is giving education about dental and oral health through social media whatsapp to the parents of Tanassa Al-Arafah Kindergarten student. Parent’s knowledge of dental and oral health is measured with questionnaire. There are 44 respondents from the parents of TK Tanassa Al-Arafah students. Results: The results of the questionnaires were analyzed using Wilcoxon Matched Pairs non-parametric test to see the significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores. The Statistic Test results shows that there is an increase in parents dental and oral health knowledge level after being given the education, There is 97,7% (43 respondents) from the sample that have the good category for the value post-test and the remaining 2.3% (1 respondents) is having enough category for the value post-test. Conclusion: From the result, it can be concluded that there has been an increasing of the dental and oral knowledge that can be looked from the rise in the questionnaire pre-test and post-test average scores, before and after the parents were given the dental and oral education. The advice of this study is to do a further research about the other factors that affect the level of knowledge, such as the environment, social and economic factor from the parents.

Keywords: Education through social media whatsapp, Parents level of dental and oral health knowledge, Effective-ness



Effect of Hydroxyapatite of Skipjack Fish Bone (Katsuwonus pelamis) Addition on The Surface Hardness of Self-Cured Acrylic Resins in Temporary CrownsDiwya Nugrahini Hapsari1*, Ivoji Ghina Kamilia2

1 Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Every material must have resistance when applied pressure. One of the mechanical properties is sur-face hardness, which is a very important mechanical property because it affects the duration of use of a material. The use of a temporary crown is needed to protect the teeth after preparation before insertion of a permanent crown. The material often used to make temporary crowns is self-cured acrylic resins. However, self-cured acrylic resins have the disadvantage of being monomer residues and suboptimal hardness in thin areas. Hydroxyapatite produced by the precipitation method is one of the materials with good biocompatibility and has been tested as a reinforcing material. High hydroxyapatite content, economic value and processing which is not yet maximal in skipjack fish bones are a concern that needs to be developed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of addition of hydroxy-apatite of skipjack fish bones on the surface hardness of self-cured acrylic resin. Methods: This type of research is an experimental laboratory with Post-test-only control group design involving 2 groups, namely the experimental group with the addition of hydroxyapatite concentrations of 2% and 5% and the control group. The sample used was a 9x8x2 mm self-cured acrylic resin plate with a total of 27 samples with 9 samples for each group. Samples were tested with a microhardness vickers tester. Results: the treated group showed greater surface hardness than the con-trol group. the greater the concentration of hydroxyapatite used in acrylic self-cured resin powder produces a greater surface hardness value. Conclusion: hydroxyapatite of skipjack fish bone (Katsuwonus pelamis) has succeeded in increasing the surface hardness of self-cured acrylic resins in temporary crowns.

Keywords: Self-cured acrylic resins, hydroxyapatite of skipjack fish, surface hardness



Tofu Wastewater Toxicity Test for Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Gastric as NutraceuticalDyah Nawang Palupi Pratamawari1*, Novia Ayu Kusumaningrum2



ABSTRACT

Introduction: Tofu wastewater is one of the results from the tofu making process. The isoflavone in tofu has poten-tial in the health sector as a nutraceutical. Oral nutraceutical delivery requires safety considerations of the digestive tract, one of which is the gastric organ. Method: This study uses true experimental in vivo. Samples were Wistar rat, divided into 6 groups: control group (K), dose 1 (6ml/kgW; D1), dose 2 (12 ml/kgW; D2), dose 3 (18 ml/kgW; D3), satellite dose 1 (6ml/kg ; S1) and satellite dose 3 (18 ml/kgW; S3). Tofu wastewater was given for 28 days plus 14 days without treatment for the satellite group. The number of neutrophil cells in the lamina propria and gastric mucosal damage were observed using a digital microscope with 100x and 400x magnification. Result: One-way ANOVA showed that there were no differences in the number of neutrophil cells between different groups (p>0.05). Kruskal-Wallis showed significant differences in rat gastric mucosal damage (p<0.05). Mann-Whitney showed signif-icant differences in the control group with the dose 2, dose 3, satellite dose 1 and 3 groups, likewise the comparison between the dose 1 with the dose 2 and 3 groups. Conclusion: Tofu wastewater does not give a difference in the number of neutrophil cells in lamina propria, but it gives toxic effects of gastric damage and does not show improve-ment to the destruction.

Keywords: Toxicity test, Tofu wastewater, Gastric, Wistar rat



Comparison of Vascular Amounts in The Healing Process of Wistar Rat Bones After Implantation of Tooth Graft with 20, 40, and 60 Mesh SizesMalianawati Fauzia1*, Okky Satria Brilliando2



ABSTRACT

Introduction: The process of bone recovery after tooth extraction requires the right method to overcome alveolar bone loss using bone graft implantation. Indicators of Success of Blood Vessels as transportation of nutrients and ox-ygen in the process of healing bones. Bone-derived tooth graft is one of the bone graft material containing hydroxy-apatite which is able to influence the process of forming new blood vessels. One of the ideal bone graft selection factors is graft particle size. The purpose of this study was to study the number of blood vessels in the bone healing process of Wistar rats after implantation of 20, 40, and 60 Mesh tooth graft. Methods:This research was carried out with a one shot case study. Random sample selection, as many as 27 Wistar mice made a spine in the right femur. Samples were divided into three groups: Treatment Group 1 (P1): defects filled with 20 Mesh tooth graft, Treatment Group (P2): defects filled with 40 Mesh tooth graft, and Treatment Group 3 (P3): defects filled with 60 Mesh tooth graft. After 14 days the mice were sacrificed then the samples were made histological preparations for the calcula-tion of blood counts. Results: Homogeneity and normality tests show that the data are homogeneous and normally distributed. One Way ANOVA test to compare each group (α = 0.05) and the results obtained indicate a significance value of 0,000. Conclusion: Based on this study it can be concluded that there are differences in the amount of blood in each group that has different particle sizes.

Keywords: Bone graft, Hydroxyapatite, Blood vessels, Tooth graft, Graft particle size



Synthesis of Nanoliposomes Papaya Seed Extract and Characterization Using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) Viranda Sutanti1*, Veru.Andyka2



ABSTRACT

Introduction: Papaya is a plant that is quite widely cultivated in Indonesia and is known as a medicinal plant that can cure various diseases. Waste of papaya seeds is still not widely used in the community, whereas papaya seeds are rich in benefits, which is one of the nutritional properties as an antibacterial. Papaya seeds are known to contain active compounds in the form of triterpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids. Papaya seed extract is reported to be antibacterial and its activity inhibits the growth of several bacteria such as E.coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus. To optimize the benefits of the papaya seed content, papaya seed extract can be converted into nanoparticles using the nanoliposome method. Methods: This study uses true experiment with the post test only control group design method, namely the experimental laboratory method by observing or measuring after treatment. The dependent variable in this study was nanoliposome papaya seed extract. The method used for synthesis is a combination of Mozafari Method and sonication nanoliposome method then characterization using Particle Size An-alyzer (PSA) to determine the size and potential zeta value. Results: papaya seed extract can be synthesized ranging from 244.3 nm to 466.3 nm and potential unstable zeta values after characterization testing by using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Conclusion: papaya seed extract can be synthesized using nanoliposome method with a combina-tion of Mozafari Method and sonication method that produces unfavorable nanoliposome preparations.

Keywords: Synthesis of Nanoliposome Papaya Seed Extract, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA)



Effect of Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) Soaking on Hardness of Nanofiller Composite Resin SurfaceYuli Nugraeni1*, Yemima Novita Dalima Yunus2

1 Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Composite resin is a kind of tooth-colored restorative material that can be used for anterior and pos-terior teeth. Composite resins have several classifications including nanofiller composite resins which have good hardness, but acidic drinks such as lime (Citrus aurantifolia) can cause a decrease in the surface hardness of nanofill-er composite resins. This study aims to determine the effect of immersion of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) on the surface hardness of nanofiller composite resins. Methods: The number of samples in the study were 24 samples with a di-ameter of 5 mm and a height of 4 mm. Samples were divided into 2 groups: the control group immersed in distilled water and the treatment group immersed in lime (Citrus aurantifolia) which was carried out in an incubator at 370C to adjust to the normal temperature of the human body with 3 different time durations namely 3 days, 7 days and 11 days. After immersion, the sample is tested with Vickers Hardness Tester. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova test and Post Hoc Tukey. From the One Way Anova test it was concluded that there were significant results in the treatment and control groups. Results: The results of the Post Hoc Tukey test did not show significant results on day 3 and day 7, but there was a significant result on day 11. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is significant surface hardness result of nanofiller composite resin on the immersion of lime (Citrus aurantifolia).

Keywords: Nanofiller composites resin, Hardness surface, Lime (Citrus aurantifolia)



Gel (Physalis angulata L) with Triamcinolone Acetonide on PECAM-1 Expression and Wound closure in Healing of Traumaticus Ulcer on Mucosal Labial White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)Nur Permatasari1*, Dwi Ervina Febrianti2



ABSTRACT

Introduction: PECAM-1 (Platelet Endothelial Adhesion Molecule-1) is a cell adhesion molecule and mediator of interaction, both between leukocytes and endothelial as well as endothelial and endothelial. PECAM-1 plays an important role in the process of wound healing angiogenesis. PECAM-1 antibodies characterize the neoangiogenic response of wounds in rats performed by immunostaining PECAM-1 endothelial cell markers in wounds during the healing process. Ciplukan fruit extract gel containing lupeol active compounds can increase wound closure pro-motion by inducing granulation tissue and increasing re-epithelialization, β-sitosterol has an effect on angiogenesis by influencing endothelial cells. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were differences in the administration of ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Gel Gel extract with triamcinolone acetonide on PECAM-1 ex-pression and wound closure in wound healing of white rat mucous traumatic ulcer traumatic ulcer. Methods: The method used was true experimental randomized posttest only control group design in vivo, this study was divided into 9 groups with 3 time series, namely the 2nd, 6th and 12th days of the control group, Physalis and Triamcinolone after the formation of traumatic ulcers. The next stage is the removal of traumatic ulcer tissue, HE and IHK staining, then PECAM-1 expression is observed using a light microscope equipped with a digital camera and wound closure is observed daily and documented. Results: The results of the independent t-test showed significant differences in the physalis and triamcinolone groups on the 2nd, 6th and 12th days. Correlation test results in the physalis group showed that the longer the treatment could increase PECAM-1 expression and wound closure, the triamcinolone group the longer the treatment could reduce PECAM-1 expression. Conclusion: There are differences in the adminis-tration of ciplukan fruit extract gel with triamcinolone acetonide on the expression of PECAM-1 and wound closure in the healing process of traumatic mucosal traumatic ulcer wounds of white rats.

Keywords: Traumatic Ulcer, PECAM-1, Wound Closure, Morel Berry Fruit Extract (Physalis angulata L), Triamcino-lone acetonide



The Difference Between Administration of Triamcinolone Acetonide with Physalis angulata Fruit Extract Gel to The Number of Macrophages and Cellular Expression of Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β) in Labial Mucous Traumatic Ulcers Wound Healing of White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)Nur Permatasari1*, Ratih Pusporini1, Awang Shinta Intaniantya2



ABSTRACT

Introduction: Macrophage is a phagocytic mononuclear cell that releases IL-1β, a proinflammatory cytokine that is released as a host defense response to injury. Physalis angulata fruit extract gel contains active compounds which one is lupeol, has anti-inflammatory ability by inhibiting the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. Objective: To determine the comparison of the administration of Triamcinolone acetonide with Physalis angulata fruit extract gel to the number of macrophages and cellular expression of IL-1β in labial mucous traumatic ulcers wound healing of white rats. Methods: This study was divided into 9 groups with 3 time series (days -2, -6 and -12), and divided into 3 treatment groups (control, physalis angulata fruit extract gel, triamcinolone acetonide), which were induced by trau-matic ulcers. The preparation and staining use HE and IHC. Observation of preparations using a digital microscope. Macrophage and IL-1β counts are calculated using OLYVIA and ImageJ. Results: Data analysis using independent t-test, showed significant differences in the cellular expression of IL-1β between physalis and triamcinolone groups on days 2, 6 and 12. Pearson correlation test showed that the longer treatment in 3 time series (2nd, 6th and 12th) that was carried out could reduce the number of macrophages and IL-1β and the relationship between the number of macrophages and IL-1β in all groups. Conclusion: There is a difference between the administration of triamcino-lone acetonide with physalis angulata fruit extract gel to the cellular expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) in labial mucous traumatic ulcers wound healing of white rats (Rattus norvegicus).

Keywords: Traumatic ulcer, Macrophage, Interleukin-1 Beta, Physalis angulata fruit extract gel, Triamcinolone ace-tonide



The Correlation between the Severity Degree of Gingivitis Measured by Modified Gingival Index (MGI) with Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) VolumeNeny Roeswahjuni1*, Risya Rahmadani2

1 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Gingivitis is one of the periodontium disorders which is characterized by an increase of Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF). GCF can be used as alternative diagnostic media to detect the severity of inflammation occurs. One of various index that can be used to assess the severity degree of gingivitis with minimal instrument is Modified Gingival Index (MGI). The aim of this study to determine the correlation between severity degree of gingivitis measured by MGI with GCF volume. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted to 24 respondents were examined and equally divided into four groups based on their MGI scores, normal periodontium group, mild gingivitis group, moderate gingivitis group, and severe gingivitis group. GCF samples were collected by inserting pa-perpoint no. 25 into gingival sulcus for 30 seconds. These paperpoints were placed in eppendorf tubes with 250μL of Phosphate Buffer Saline. Mass measurements were taken on each eppendorf tube used analytical balance then mass being converted to volume with a physical formula to determine the GCF volume absorbed. Results: Mean of GCF volume recorded in normal group, mild gingivitis group, moderate gingivitis group, and severe gingivitis group were: 0.2591μL, 0.4205μL, 0.6495μL, 0.8963μL respectively. Spearman test results showed a significance value <0,05. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is a relation between the severity degree of gingivitis with volume of GCF and the increase in GCF volume occurs along with the increase in gingivitis severity.

Keywords: Gingivitis, Gingival Crevicular volume, Modified Gingival Indeks



Efficacy Test of Western-Bee (Apis mellifera) Honey Solution Against Porphyromonas gingivalis Bacteria Based on In Vitro by The Use of Agar Dilution MethodRudhanton1*, Adika Dwisatya Ramadhani2

1 Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Chronic Periodontitis is simply defined as an infectious disease which affects inflammation in tooth-sup-porting tissues, progressive attachment loss and bone loss. Honey can be an antibacterial agent. It is due to the facts that honey has high sugar content, relatively acidic pH, and low protein content. Thus, honey can limit the avail-able water quantity to inhibit bacterial growth. This research is to determine the ability of the western-bee honey solution in handling the Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria with agar dilution method. Methods: This research was conducted using laboratory experimental approach, the posttest only control group design which based on in vitro study. The concentrations of the solution used are 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The dependent variable in this study is the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis colony after being administered some western-bee (Apis mellifera) honey solution in varied concentrations. The assessment was based on the thickness of the bacterial colony growth. Results: Based on Kruskal-Wallis test, the result showed that there were significant differences in colony growth between the control and treatment group. The Spearman correlation test resulted that the increasing of solution concentration will decrease the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria colony. Conclusion: Based on this research, it can be concluded that the use of western-bee (Apis mellifera) honey solution against Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria is effective.

Keywords: Chronic Periodontitis, Western-Bee (Apis mellifera) Honey Solution, Porphyromonas Gingivalis Bacteria, Agar Dilution



The Relationship between Glycaemic Control in Diabetes and the Severity of Periodontitis Nuzulul Hikmah1,2*, Djoko Wahono Soeatmadji3, Aulanni’am Aulanni’am4, Mohammad Saifur Rohman5, Nur Permatasari6

1 Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Department of Biomedic, Dentistry Faculty of Jember University, Jember, Indonesia3 Division of Endocrinology Metabolic Disease and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,

Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia5 Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia6 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder, which has been increasingly prevalent worldwide. Diabetes is related to increasing the risk of periodontitis determined by glycaemic index control. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) analysis indicates the hemoglobin rate in the blood has been glycated (chemically bonded with glucose) and deter-mines blood glucose levels over the previous three months. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between glycaemic control in diabetes and the severity of periodontitis. Literature searches were performed using Pubmed with the keyword “HbA1c and periodontitis” and published between 2012 to June 2021. The data from the articles were selected and summarized in tables and a narrative review. A total of 20 articles have been selected based on the relevant topics. Patient with higher HbA1c levels was associated with the severity periodontal diseases determined by several parameters. The parameters were clinical attachment loss (CAL), pocket depth (PD), bleed-ing on probing (BOP), oral hygiene index (OHI), community periodontal index (CPI), periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), periodontal screening index (PSI), the periodontal pathogen colonized, tooth mobility, and the number of missing teeth. The higher level of HbA1c, indicated poorly controlled diabetes, associated with the increase of periodontitis severity.

Keywords: Biomarkers, Dental caries, Diagnosis, Saliva

REVIEW ARTICLES



Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Stimulation on Osteogenesis of Orthodontic Tooth MovementHafiedz Maulana1,2*, Yuyun Yueniwati3, Diana Lyrawati4, Nur Permatasari5, Mohamad Hidayat6

1 Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Department of Biomedic, Dentistry Faculty of Jember University, Jember, Indonesia3 Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia4 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia5 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia6 Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

The prevalence of malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment in Indonesia is relatively very high. Ortho-dontic treatment that transmits mechanical forces to the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone cells can stimulate the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone remodeling. While this time, orthodontic treatment requires a long time, resulting in several adverse effects and discomfort. For this reason, a method that can accelerate orthodontic treatment is needed which aims to increase stability after active orthodontic treatment, to reduce the potential for relapse, and to accelerate retention time. Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) stimulation is one of the methods that have this goal. The aim of this study was to study the stimulation mechanism of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) in the osteogenesis process of orthodontic tooth movement. Alveolar bone remodeling played an essential role in orthodontic tooth movement, is an active and dynamic process. The dynamic process depends on a balance between resorption and bone formation (osteogenesis). PEMF stimulation is a nonsurgical method that can promote osteogenesis through activation of Wnt signaling. Several studies showed that this method could accelerate retention time and orthodontic treatment. PEMF stimulation stimulated osteogenesis through activation of Wnt signaling in orthodontic tooth movement.

Keywords: Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF), osteogenesis, orthodontic tooth movement



Diagnosis of Dental Caries Using Saliva Dian Yosi Arinawati1*, Hasna Shafiya Ardania2

1 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, 55183 Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2 School of Dentistry, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, 55183 Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Saliva is oral biofluid that contain a lot of markers which can use to detect some disease, either systemic or oral diseases. The purpose of this review is to find out salivary biomarkers which can be detected in dental caries. Bio-markers for caries diagnosis in this review can be classified by the number of the specific bacteria for dental caries, innate host defense protein and peptides; and functional properties of saliva. Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Lactobacilli were found to be increased in individuals who have caries compared to control. In ad-dition to the number of bacteria, innate host defense proteins and peptides in saliva used as biomarkers for dental caries, includes agglutinins, amylases, lysozymes, lactoferrin, and glycoproteins. The functional properties of saliva also can be used as markers in caries, with parameter include flow rate, pH, buffer capacity, sugar clearance rate of saliva. It can be concluded that saliva is a non-invasive media which has variety of biomarkers that can be used as a diagnosis of dental caries.

Keywords: Biomarkers, Dental caries, Diagnosis, Saliva



Cinnamaldehyde as Ultrasonic Coolant for Reducing Bacterial Aerosol & Enhancing Chronic Periodontitis HealingDevi Amelia Ayu*, Aleina Indira, Syafira Salsabila

Dentist Professional Education, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Chronic Periodontitis is mainly caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis, with scaling root planing as its first-line treatment. It requires coolant for several purposes but increases the chances of bacterial aerosol production and cross-contamination. Cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon’s bark shows beneficial properties, as an anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial in periodontal pocket. Also, it could reduce the bacterial colony-forming unit (CFU) in dental aerosol. This review was conducted by collecting studies through 2011 - 2021 from databases including “Google Scholar”, “PubMed”, “SpringerLink”, and “ScienceDirect”. Cinnamaldehyde has an anti-bacterial effect by damaging the bac-terial cell permeability and membrane integrity. Besides, Cinnamaldehyde also shows an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cytokines in chronic periodontitis such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) -6, nuclear factor-κappab (NF-kB). Cinnamaldehyde promotes the maturation and differentiation of osteoblast by enhancing the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx2), osteocalcin (OCN), and colla-gen 1 alpha 1 (col1a1). Discussion: “Red complex” pathogens in chronic periodontitis produces pro-inflammato-ry cytokines and periodontal destruction. Bacteria produced lipopolysaccharide induced polymorphonuclear and Monocytes migrations, which secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) therefore upregulate receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappab (RANKL), leads to periodontal destruction. Cinnamaldehyde reduces IL-6 and TNF-α, which plays a role in tissue destruction, fibroblast apoptosis, and bone resorption. Cinnamaldehyde also inhibits NF-kB transcriptional activity, effective in inhibiting osteoclast formation. Cinnamaldehyde enhances runx2, ocn, and col1a1 production, leads to osteoblast differentiation and maturation in bone regeneration. Using Cin-namaldehyde as an ultrasonic scalers coolant shows decreasing score of CFU in dental aerosol due to its anti-bacte-rial effect. Cinnamaldehyde as ultrasonic scalers coolant has the potential to reduce bacteria aerosol contamination and enhance chronic periodontitis healing.

Keywords: Cinnamaldehyde, Chronic Periodontitis, Periodontal Healing, Dental Aerosol, Ultrasonic Coolant



Correlation between Periodontal Diseases and COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Dhihram Tenrisau1 , Mondastri Korib Sudaryo2* , Erni Marlina3 , Nur Rahmah Hasanuddin4 , Syafarudin Nur1

1 Epidemiology Master Program, Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 2 Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 3 Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 4 Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar


ABSTRACT

Several findings correlated Covid-19 with oral health status, including periodontal diseases. The disease has mainly been related to the incidence of comorbidities in Covid-19 patients. Periodontal diseases such as chronic peri-odontitis potentially contribute to the severity and mortality. This systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to overview studies of the relationship between periodontal disease and the severity of Covid-19 (hospitalization). There were nine studies, analyzed in this systematic review (nine reviews and three meta-analyses). The quality assessment of studies was using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the pooling effect of meta-analysis were using random-effects model. The NOS scores were Satisfied (5-6 stars) for seven studies, meanwhile Good (7 stars) for two studies. The estimated OR was 2.68 (P = 0.006). The heterogeneity (I 2 ) was 61%, showed moderate heterogeneity. Covid-19 and severity depended on the host and viral factors that influence the immune response. The surge of cyto-kines (especially IL-6) was found as an imperative role in the Covid-19 and periodontal diseases. Finally, periodontal diseases were found positively contributed to the severity of Covid-19. Periodontal diseases were found associated with the severity and mortality of Covid-19. However, further studies are a necessity to generalize in other popula-tions of Covid-19 patients.

Keywords: Periodontitis, COVID-19, Immune, Meta-Analysis, Periodontal Diseases



Chlorogenic Acids from Coffea canephora for Post Tooth Extraction : A Systematic ReviewFatimatuzzahroh Maftuch1*, Dewi Atikasari1, Linda Risalatul Muyasaroh1, Devita Nur Rachmah1, Novi Khila Firani2,3,4

1 Study Program of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University2 Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University3 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University4 Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University


ABSTRACT

Following World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, most of the dental clinics significantly reduced their activities during pandemic COVID-19. The elective dental treatments were postponed with mainly emergency and urgent care remaining, such as tooth extraction. Topical medicine that can help to rapidly heal the wound after tooth extraction is necessary to minimalize dental visit. Recently, alternative medicine has gained popularity due to its herbal properties with no adverse effects. Amongs them, green coffee bean extract is receiving greater attention due to its antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammation activity. Thus, in this study explain that the role of Chlorogenic Acid (CGA) from green coffee bean extract (Coffea canephora) as topical medicine for post tooth extraction. This is a systematic review from Medline (PubMed) and Google Scholar databases, from 2011 until 2021. Green robusta coffee beans extract phytochemical screening showed high amounts of alkaloid, flavonoid, and chlorogenic acids (CGA), which can increase the amount of osteoblast, fibroblast, and inflammatory cells which had potential effect to promote post tooth extraction wound healing. Antioxidant from CGA have the ability to decrease the amount of free radical (ROS) production. CGA from green coffee robusta is recommended as topical medicine for post tooth extraction treatment.

Keywords: Chlorogenic Acid (CGA), Wound Healing, Robusta Green Coffee Beans, Extract, Tooth Extraction



The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Salivary ContentsNovi Khila Firani1,2,3*

1 Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Biochemistry-Biomolecular Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia3 Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

In diabetes mellitus there is an increase in blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia, which can cause several com-plications. Saliva is a body fluid that contains a variety of compounds produced by the salivary glands. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus is thought to affect salivary production. This study aims to determine the impact of diabetes mellitus on salivary contents. We collected articles from databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar from 2014 to 2021. We found that there were salivary glands abnormalities that cause changes in the salivary contents. In saliva diabetic patients contain high levels of glucose, protein, alpha-2-macroglobulin, aspros-in, TGFβ-1, TNF-α, and high amount of Lactobacillus. Conversely, in saliva diabetic patients contain low levels of immunoglobulin A. We conclude that there are alteration in saliva contents in diabetic patients which could cause oral problems.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Hyperglicemia, Saliva, Content



The Role of Toothbrush Counseling using ATP (Audio, Tactile, Performance) Method in Decreasing Plaque Index in Visual Impairment Children : A Literature ReviewAmbar Puspitasari1*, Rahmavidyanti Priyanto2, Edina Hartami1, Putri Shafira Wardani3

1 Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dentistry Faculty of Brawijaya University2 Conservative Dentistry Department, Dentistry Faculty of Brawijaya University3 Undergraduate Student, Study Program Dentistry Faculty of Brawijaya University


ABSTRACT

People with visual impairment have a higher risk of oral disease, like a periodontal disease. This happens because people with vision problems have limitations making it more difficult to achieve good oral health. Poor condition of the oral cavity of blind people who experience disturbances or obstacles in the sense of sight caused by unsupervised tooth brushing, lack of knowledge about proper tooth brushing techniques, and motor skills that are still ignored. Therefore, the act of learning about the skills and knowledge of dental and oral health in blind children is important from an early age. Specific health education methods can make it easier for blind children in correct tooth brushing techniques. ‘Audio, Tactile, Performance’ (ATP) is a health education method specifically designed, used to educate blind children about oral hygiene maintenance. The purpose of this study was to find out the application of tooth-brush extension with ATP (Audio, Tactile, Performance) method in decreasing the plaque index in visual impairment children. The type of research using Study Literature Review (SLR). SLR method is used to identify, study, evaluate, and interpret all literature findings systematically, which in each process follows the established steps or protocols. It is known from 10 journals that the counseling of toothbrushes with the ATP (Audio, Tactile, Performance) method is proven to reduce plaque scores effectively. This literature review proves that toothbrush counseling using ATP plays a role in decreasing the plaque index in visual impairment children.

Keywords: ATP, Visually impaired children, Plaque index



Effect Of Pediatric’s Syrup Drugs On The Erosion of Desiduous TeethYuanita Lely Rachmawati1*, Yunia Desy Anuari2



ABSTRACT

Most pediatric medicines come in syrup. Medicines that are often used for children such as analgesic, antibiotics, antipyretics, and antihistamines medicines are known to have a low pH, high acidity, a minimal amount of minerals. These properties are associated with dental erosion. Objectives: To find out if the pediatric medicine of syrup can cause dental erosion in deciduous teeth. The literature search strategy was conducted using the keywords pediatric liquid, teeth erosion, and enamel structure. The databases used for the literature search were PubMed and Research Gate, which were published between January 2010 and November 2020. Apart from containing the main active ingredients, syrup also has other compositions such as flavorings, sweeteners, buffer/acids, preservatives, and also coloring agents. Acids act as a buffering agent, which is responsible for increasing their solubility, maintaining chem-ical stability, controlling tonicity, and ensuring physiological compatibility. Besides, 58.3% of the medicines studied contained sucrose as a sweetener, which is one of the most common causes of dental erosion. The combination of different medicine compositions causes differences in pH, where pH is the dominant factor that gives an erosive effect. A pH of 5.03 indicates significant surface roughness in teeth. The results of the literature review show that the pediatric medicine of syrup affects dental erosion in deciduous teeth.

Keywords: Drugs, Syrup Pediatric, Teeth Erosion, Deciduous Teeth



Literature Review about The Role of Clinical Education Toward Achievement of Oral Radiology Competency of Professional StudentFarihah Septina1*, Tubagus Agnizarridlo1, Naadhira Musfira2

1 Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia2 Program Study of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, 65141, Malang, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Clinical Education has been designed to make graduates who have competency in the medical science and dentistry science along with the skill in the dentistry. Dental Radiology is one of the achievement that has to be obtained. Professional Student need to obtain competency in dental radiology, to minimize the errors and mistakes. To deter-mine the diagnosis it is required to have good result of radiograph for its correctness and accuracy. However, errors and poor quality of radiographs are still frequently occurred. Technical error made by operator will lead to redoing the radiograph, which significantly increased radiation exposure to the patient this definitely breached the principle of ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable). Academic institution is having crucial role to educate students the awareness to avoid radiographic error. Hence, evaluation in dental clinical education need to be done; to monitor the performance of the system, and the modification plan in accordance to any technical requirement. The type of re-search using Study Literature Review (SLR). SLR method is used to identify, study, evaluate, and interpret all literature findings systematically, which in each process follows the established steps or protocols. Clinical education gives positive effect and greatly determines the improvement of understanding on radiology interpretation, understanding of dosage optimization, and reduction of error percentage when making radiographic imaging. This literature review gave evidence that there was impact from clinical education toward achievement of dentistry radiology competency of professional student.

Keywords: Continuing Dental Education, Dental Radiology Education, Clinical Competence, Program Evaluation.



Diagnosis Challenge of Trigeminal Herpes Zoster Presenting Prodromal Odontalgia: A Case ReportSherlyana1, Febrina Rahmayanti2*, Masita Mandasari2

1 Oral Medicine Residency Programme, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia2 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Herpes zoster (shingles) is an acute viral infection caused by reactivation of varicella zoster virus, generally occurs in adults and characterised by vesicular rash in a unilateral dermatomal distribution associated with neuropathy. Diagnosis typically based on signs and symptoms. Prodromal stage of herpes zoster involving trigeminal nerve may present as odontalgia, leading to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. This article aimed to describe a case of herpes zoster preceded by odontalgia as a prodromal symptom. Dentists are urged to suspect odontalgia as early sign of trigeminal herpes zoster. A 68-year-old male complained of left side facial numbness for the last six days, preceded by pain on the upper left premolar tooth that did not relieve after taking medication (potassium diclofenac, me-fenamic acid, clindamycin) and open bur treatment. The examination revealed unilateral facial crusting as well as intraoral ulceration along the course of the first and second division of trigeminal nerve dermatome. The diagnosis was trigeminal herpes zoster. The patient was managed with oral and topical acyclovir for the infection, prednisone and vitamin B complex combined with paracetamol for the neuropathy, chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2 % oral rinse for the intraoral ulceration. The patient was also referred to a neurologist and ophthalmologist for further evaluation. Odontalgia can be the prodromal stage of trigeminal herpes zoster. Timely diagnosis can improve patient outcomes, prevent complications, and avoid unnecessary treatment.

Keywords: Herpes zoster, Trigeminal nerve, Odontalgia, Diagnosis challenge

CASE REPORT



Rehabilitation of Subtotal Maxillectomy Patient with ObturatorGabriella Maria Ollive1, Zuelkevin1, Franciscus Wihan Pradana2, Haryo Mustiko Dipoyono3, Titik Ismiyati3*

1 Prosthodontics Resident, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia2 Lecturer, Department of Oral and Dental Health, RSUP Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta, Indonesia3 Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

* Corresponding author’s email : [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Prosthodontists face a challenge when treating a maxillary defect caused by a tumor, trauma, or congenital deforma-tion. With the help of maxillofacial restoration, the defect can be restored to near normal function and appearance. The goal of maxillectomy prosthesis rehabilitation is to separate the oral cavity and the nasal cavity to allow adequate swallowing and biting, thus restoring the contour of the midface and providing acceptable results. A thirteen-year-old boy presented with swelling on the right side of his face. The swelling began eight months prior and gradually worsened. Facial asymmetry was discovered due to swelling of the right buccal region, which was soft, painless, and covered by normal skin. The overgrowth can be seen on intraoral examination of the right posterior area of the maxilla, extending from the distal side of 14 to the mesial area of 17. The multidisciplinary approach of the head and neck surgeon, ophthalmologist, and prosthodontist is used to make decisions for definitive treatment planning. The immediate obturator is made and adjusted before the operation to accommodate the defect during the operation. Three weeks later, an interim obturator was fabricated. In maxillary resection patients, obturator prosthesis helps to improve speech intelligibility, good maxillofacial appearance, better chewing, convenience and social interaction.

Keywords: Immediate Obturator, Interim Obturator, Maxillectomy Prosthetic, Maxillary Defect



Irritation Fibroma on Labial Mucosa Caused by Ill-Fitting Immediate DentureEsther Rotiur Hutagalung1, Febrina Rahmayanti2*, Nur Rahadiani3

1 Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia2 Departement of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia3 Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia / Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta,

Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Irritation fibroma is a reactive growth of fibrous connective tissue as response to local irritation such as ill-fitting immediate denture. It is most common on the buccal mucosa but only rarely on the labial mucosa. Diagnosis is based on clinical and histopathological examination. Information and education all about immediate denture is very important to prevent these lesions. The purpose of this article is to report an unusual case of irritation fibroma on the upper labial mucosa due to use of an ill-fitting immediate denture. A 55-year-old female complained of a lump on the labial mucosa since one half years ago. The lump was first noticed after 6 months using immediate denture. The size was like a corn kernel and painless but eventually became bigger. However, the patient sometimes feels sore and uncomfortable. She had a habit of playing ill-fitting denture, wearing it while sleeping and never controlling it to the dentist. On clinical examination, we found an exophytic lesion growing on the upper labial mucosa near the edge of her immediate denture. The diagnosis, confirmed by histopathological examination, was irritation fibroma caused by an ill-fitting denture. The pedunculated mass was excised for biopsy and histopathological examination was performed to confirm diagnose. The ill-fitting immediate dentures was withdrawn and replaced by one fitting denture. Irritation fibroma can be caused by wearing ill-fitting immediate dentures. Irritants can be avoided if the denture is controlled and worn according to the instructions. The dentists must provide education and information about the use, treatment, and follow-up of immediate dentures to avoid the occurrence of lesions due to the use of ill-fitting dentures.

Keywords: Fibroma, Irritation fibroma, Ill-fitting denture, Immediate denture



Management of Anxiety as Recurrent Intraoral Herpes Predisposing Factor in Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome PatientNi Putu Yessy Karmila Putri1*, Indriasti Indah Wardhany2, Febrina Rahmayanti2

1 Oral Medicine Residency Program Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.2 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) is a common manifestation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) reactivation, in the im-munocompetent host occurs chiefly on the keratinized mucosa of the hard palatal mucosa, attached gingiva, and dorsum of the tongue. Reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) are common due to physical and psychological stress, anxiety, ultraviolet radiation, trauma, and menstruation. Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome is a hereditary condition associated with multiple benign skin tumors, lung cysts, and an increased risk of kidney lesions that can contribute to patient anxiety levels. The aim is to present the rational management of recurrent intraoral herpes on patient with overall self-physical condition anxiety caused by Birt Hogg-Dubé syndrome. A 57-year-old female Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome patient came to Dental and Oral Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, complains of se-vere pain on her mouth after having her upper tooth extracted 6 days ago. Intra oral examination shows multiple irregular ulcers on her palate and single irregular ulcer on lateral of the tongue. There is no evidence of new lesions during the past 72 hours. She is having a general anxiety upon any of her physical condition ever since she has been diagnosed with the syndrome. Definitive diagnosis established were Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH) based on the titer antibody of HSV 1 and traumatic ulcer due to iatrogenic trauma during tooth extraction. A comprehensive treat-ment includes reassurance regarding the patient anxiety about relation of her condition with malignancy condition along with pharmacological therapy with chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2 % mouth rinse, aloclair gel and multivitamin with addition of self-suggestion stress management as the non-pharmacological therapy. There is no recurrence on 5-months follow up. A thorough examination and customized comprehensive treatment are very important in the management of RIH on patient with conditions that caused high levels of anxiety.

Keywords: Recurrent Intraoral Herpes (RIH), Predisposing factor of RIH, Anxiety, Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome



Esthetic Smile Rehabilitation of Partial Edentulous Maxillary TeethGandis Harumi1*, Muhamad Hafidh Akbar1, Murti Indrastuti2, Endang Wahyuningtyas2, Sri Budi Barunawati2

1 Prosthodontics Resident, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia2 Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Tooth loss due to extraction is a significant problem that affects the masticatory function, speech function, and psy-chological aspect, which is aesthetics during smiling and speaking. Missing tooth should be immediately substituted by dentures to return the important functions of the oral cavity. The use of dentures is expected to increase the qual-ity of life related to oral health and confidence in socializing. A 38-year-old female patient complained of several missing and damaged teeth. She lost tooth 17, 16, 14, 24, and 26. Caries was found in several teeth and some of the teeth were endodontically treated. The patient had a jacket crown on her front teeth with a discoloration around the gingival area that made her lost confidence. She desired new dentures. The treatment of choice includes 4 units of fixed dentures made from PFM on tooth 18, 17, 16, and 15, 3 units of intra radicular fixed dentures made from PFM on tooth 25, 26, and 27, 3 units of fixed dentures made from Zirconia on tooth 14, 13, 12 and 22, 23, 24, and single crowns from Zirconia on tooth 11 and 21. Crown lengthening was performed beforehand. The patient was satisfied with her new dentures. She felt more comfortable during mastication and happy because she has a more beautiful smile after wearing the new dentures.

Keywords: Fixed Dentures, Smile Rehabilitation, Partial Edentulous



Diagnostic Challenge of Oral Lesions in Post COVID-19 Patient: A Case ReportSutrania Dewi Sulaksana1, Febrina Rahmayanti2*, Anandina Irmagita Soegyanto2

1 Resident of Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jl Salemba Raya 4, Jakarta Pusat 10430, Indonesia

2 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jl Salemba Raya 4, Jakarta Pusat 10430, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Coronavirus disease 2019 known as COVID-19 is a new disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coro-navirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Even though many oral lesions related to COVID-19 have been reported, there is still no consensus of which are actually the oral manifestations, including oral outcomes in COVID-19 survivor. This case report aims to discuss the challenges in diagnosing unspecified oral lesions that occurred post COVID-19 infection. A 46-year-old male came to Oral Medicine Clinic of Universitas Indonesia Dental Hospital with a complaint of mouth soreness for four days, preceded by fever prior to his visit. The patient had histories of COVID-19 infection, in five and four months earlier, which followed by neuropathy as a neurological sequelae of COVID-19 and continuously consumed concoction medication for 2 months. Extra oral examination showed desquamation, brownish crusts and mild bleeding on lips. Intra oral examination revealed multiple, shallow, round ulcerations, surrounded by erythema area on several locations of the mouth, that mimicking herpetiform viral ulceration. The serological test for HSV 1 and 2 was performed to defined HSV involvement, which showed negative result. Diagnosis was established as unspecified oral lesions related to post-COVID infection. The patient was prescribed with chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% mouthwash, Vaseline album and multivitamin plus minerals. In the management of challenging oral lesions with unspecified characteristic in post-COVID patient, all health professional, including dentist, should perform a comprehensive examination and treatment approach.

Keywords: Unspecified lesions, Post COVID-19, Oral lesions, Herpetiform ulceration



Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia on the Buccal Mucosa: A Case ReportYanti Yulianti1, Febrina Rahmayanti2*, Diah Rini Handjari3

1 Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia2 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia3 Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) is a reactive epithelial changes formed as a response to several conditions including infections, neoplasia, inflammation and trauma. It is usually associated with other underlying disease and the etiopathology was not fully understood. Histopathologic features showed similarities and should be excluded from Squamous Cell Carcinoma. The aims of this paper is to discuss about chronic mechanical irritation from the teeth as predisposing factor of PEH and its management. A 35-years old female patient was referred by general dentist to Oral Medicine Clinic of Dental Hospital Universitas Indonesia with chief complaint of an unpainful lump on her left inner cheek for 2 years. On intraoral examination, we found a 10x5x3 mm white nodule, irregular shape, firm consistency, with a clear boundary on 38 region of the buccal mucosa. There was an impacted lower third molar on the opposite of the lesion that was suspected to be the cause. The history of chronic irritation and the frictional edges of the lesion made us came up with working diagnosis of frictional keratosis. The patient was referred to Oral Surgery Department for excisional biopsy and extraction of the lower third molar. The histopathology examination was taken and the result showed PEH. A chronic mechanical irritation may lead to a PEH. Excisional biopsy and extraction of the predisposing teeth can eliminate the lesion, establish the definitive diagnosis, and prevent the recurrence.

Keywords: Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, Case report, Trauma, Chronic mechanical irritation



Treatment Challenges of Necrotizing Ulcerative Stomatitis in Immunodeficiency Patient: A Case Report Yurina Alhayu1, Anandina Irmagita Soegyanto2*, Felicia Paramita3, Endah Ayu Tri Wulandari3

1 Oral Medicine Residency Program, Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

2 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia3 Division of Oral Medicine, Department of Dentistry, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas

Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis (NUS) is an acute painful ulceronecrotic lesion with red irregular margins, covered with white-greyish smear of the oral mucosa. This lesion is mostly present in immunosuppressed patients such as in leukemia, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malnutrition. This article will discuss the treatment challenges of NUS in patients with HIV and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and highlight the importance of comprehensive management performed by dental health professionals. A 36-year-old male patient was referred from Hemato-On-cology Clinic to Oral Medicine Clinic Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital with AML and HIV on ART. Intraoral examination revealed multiple ulceronecrotic lesions on some areas of the oral mucosa. Initial laboratory results showed pancytopenia with severe neutropenia and high blast cell percentage, normal CD4+ absolute count and undetected HIV viral load. The oral lesions were diagnosed as NUS based on clinical appearance and the pres-ence of predisposing factors. The treatments were systemic metronidazole 500 mg, oral rinse using 0.2% chlorhex-idine gluconate (CHX) and 3% hydrogen peroxide respectively, and dressing of lip and oral ulceronecrotic lesions using sterile gauze soaked in CHX and 3% hydrogen peroxide respectively, three times a day, and debridement of necrotic tissues on follow up visits. The NUS was frequently relapsed due to uncorrected systemic conditions. The management of NUS can be very challenging in patients with multiple predisposing factors. A comprehensive and in-terdisciplinary approach is necessary in the management of patients with these conditions to prevent complications, progression to Noma and mortality.

Keywords: Necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis, human immunodeficiency virus, acute myeloid leukemia, malnutrition



Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst Associated with Unerupted Maxillary Central Incicives: Case ReportZefry Zainal Abidin1*, Nenny Prasetyaningrum2, Farida Audinarti Tabatya3

1 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Kabupaten Kediri General Hospital,Indonesia2 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Brawijaya University3 Program Study of Dentistry,Faculty of Dental Medicine, Brawijaya University


ABSTRACT

Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) is rare benign odontogenic lesion. COC was reported about 0.3–0.8 % from all odontogenic cysts. The lession has a unique characteristic. It has a features of a cyst but also has a similiar features with neoplasm. COC frequently affected the canine area, involved intraosseously or extraosseusly. COC has a simil-iar clinical & radiograph appeareances with another odontogenic cyst and it was challenging for dentist to diagnose without specific examination.The purpose of this paper is to present how important an adequate examination (clin-ical-radiograph and histopatological) to diagnosed and treated COC correctly in order to prevent the recurrences. 21 years old female patient came into clinic with chief complaint an unerupted teeth in the anterior segment of maxilla. An intraoral examination showed a painless buldging& swelling in anterior maxilla with unerupted incicisor teeth and can be felt only by palpation. Orthopantomogram showed an unicyctyc lession involved an unerupted permanent maxillary central incisor.The lesion was removed using surgical excision and the affected tooth was re-moved using odontectomy. Histopathological post-op examination has been taken and the lession was diagnosed as COC. After after 1 months of follow-up, mucosal was healing and no recurrence of the lesion was observed. COC frequently involved an unerupted teeth and it makes COC has similar features with another odontogenic lessions. Clinical,radiograph examination, correct surgical planning and histopatological examination must be taken to pre-vent misdiagnosed and recurrences in order to achieve favorable outcome for the patient.

Keywords: Benign Odontogenic Lession, Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst, Edentulous



Retrieval of Mandibular Third Molar Displacement in Pterygomandibular Space : A Case Report Zefry Zainal Abidin1*, Provisia Marthalita Yuning Wulan2, Illyanda Fairuz Azzahra3

1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kabupaten Kediri General Hospital, 64213, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java,

Indonesia3 Dentistry Education Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Brawijaya University, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

The incidence of complication during lower third molar odontectomy is assessed to be lower than 1%. Accidental displacement of impacted tooth to the adjacent anatomical spaces is a rare but serious complication, especially in pterygomandibular spaces which encloses vital anatomic structures. Retrieval of a displaced tooth may be difficult, therefore, retrieval may result in permanent damage. This paper highlights the value preoperative examinations in face of accidentally displaced molar. An 18-years old male patient was referred by a general dentist after in toto technique odontectomy for the further surgical management of mandibular left third molar displacement. An orthop-antomography and CT scan were taken to determine the precise position of the tooth. The operation was performed under general anesthesia. Marginal incision in lingual was carefully made. After reflecting the flap, the tooth was exposed and removed with preserving vital structures. After 14 days awaiting an asymptomatic health status, the second surgery was successful without complication. Post-operative recovery was uneventful. The best way to man-age surgical complication is prevention. Thus, all procedures should be managed by competent professionals who has appropriate knowledge about the surgical anatomy. Furthermore, The complication such as retrieval of tooth displacement should be carried out immediately through adequate clinical and radiological assessment.

Keywords: Accidental Displacement, Complications, Impacted Teeth, Mandibular Third Molar, Pterygomandibular Space



Management of Blandin-Nuhn Mucoceles in Rural Area: A Serial Cases ReportZefry Zainal Abidin1*, Miftakhul Cahyati2, Ahida Muizun3

1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kabupaten Kediri General Hospital, Indonesia 2 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Indonesia 3 Dentistry Education Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Mucoceles arising from the Blandin-Nuhn glands are uncommon benign lesions of the oral cavity, ranging from 1.9-10.3% of the entire reported cases. These lesions are located on tongues’ anterior ventral muscles. Blandin-Nuhn mucoceles are frequently misdiagnosed and leading to misinformation in patients. The paper is designed as an in-formative report on managing Blandin-Nuhn mucoceles, especially for a dentist to be aware of their characteristics to deliver the accurate diagnosis, treatment and to minimize the recurrent prevalence. Seven cases of Blandin-Nuhn glands mucoceles were reported in Wava Kepanjen Malang Hospital. All cases were treated with surgical excisions. The surgical excisions were successful. Anatomical histopathology post-operatively confirmed all of the cases diag-noses as mucoceles, involving seromucous salivary glands with some forms of cysts with no evidence of epithelial linings in which 42% were sessile-shaped polyp, 86% generally affecting females, 71% located on the tips, and all within the age range of 12-25 years. No recurrences were apparent during follow-ups. Clinical and histopathological examinations must be taken to avoid misdiagnoses. Furthermore, careful removals of the underlying salivary glands are necessary to avoid complications and recurrence.

Keywords: Mucoceles, Blandin-Nuhn, Salivary Glands, Excision, Ventral Linguae



Direct Implant After Tooth Replantation Failure Rudhanton*, Ranny Rachmawati

Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Direct implant is the installation of a dental implant immediately after the tooth is removed from the socket. The ad-vantage of this method is that there is no need for repeated operations, minimizing the risk of vertical and horizontal shrinkage of the alveolar bone, due to the closing of the socket and the papilla can be maintained. This method can also shorten the visit and completion time to the crowning stage because there is no need to wait for bone healing to occur after extraction. A 21-year-old female patient came with a tooth’s grade 2 mobility. On clinical examination, there was a fracture in the cervical line area and an indication that it should be extracted. The tooth had been replant-ed 2 years ago and a full ceramic porcelain was installed as the crown. The patient asked for permanent dentures as a replacement but objected if the immediate dentures were involved. Tooth 11 could not be preserved and was extracted very carefully so as not to damage the existing alveolar bone, especially the buccal part, then the implant was placed directly with the addition of a bone graft. This is done because it considers the aesthetic aspect and visit time efficiency. The old crown was attached to teeth 12 and 21 using a bonding splint for aesthetic and patient com-fort while awaiting osseointegration of the implant. After 3 months, radiograph shown the osseointegration and then a new crown was placed on the implant. Direct implant is a way that can provide a solution for patients with limited visit time and aesthetic needs. Meanwhile, attaching the old crown as a temporary replacement for the tooth 11 can provide aesthetics and comfort to the patient.

Keywords: Replantation, Crown Fracture, Bonding Splinting, Direct Implant, Osteo-integration



Esthetic Splinting as a Therapy for Emergency Case in Patient with PeriodontitisRanny Rachmawati*, Rudhanton

Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissue that can cause alveolar bone resorption, causing the tooth’s mobility. In the case of anterior tooth’s mobility and indications for extraction, it will usually cause esthetic problems for the patient, while the use of immediate denture is often rejected because it is uncomfortable. This case report will explain how to do the ideal splinting while still considering the aesthetic aspect. A 35-year-old female patient came with case mobility of anterior teeth and feeling pain when eating. Clinical examination found that tooth 32 were grade 3 mobility, periodontal pocket depth of 5 mm, recession was 3 mm, while teeth 31,33 was grade 2 mobility, periodontal pocket depth of 4 mm. On radiographic examination, there was the alveolar bone resorption reaching the 1/3 apical of tooth 32 and 1/3 cervical of teeth 31,33. The patient objected to having her teeth extracted due to aesthetic consideration. The treatment carried out in this case was extraction of tooth 32, because from the prognosis it could not be preserved, while teeth 31,33 could still be preserved. To overcome aesthetic problems and comfort the patient after tooth 32 extraction, the root of the tooth was cut to the cervical line, then the crown of tooth 32 was attached to teeth 31 and 33 using wire and composite. At the time of installation, the incisal position of tooth 32 should not be in contact with the opposing teeth to avoid occlusion pressure. On tooth 32, wire splinting were placed intra-coronally and on teeth 34,33,31,41,42,43 were placed extra-coronally. Splinting using the patient’s tooth to be reattached is one way to stabilize tooth mobility of anterior teeth while considering aesthetics aspect.

Keywords: Splinting, Tooth Mobility, Periodontitis, Aesthetics



Management of Oral Lichen Planus in Anemic Patient with Psychological Stress Erni Saleh1, Anandina Irmagita Soegyanto2*, Ambar Kusuma Astuti3

1 Oral Medicine Residency Program Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia2 Departement of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia3 Departement of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory condition of oral mucosa with a high prevalence in females. Factors such as psychological stress, and several other conditions such as malnutrition, and anemia can serve as triggers of OLP occurrence, but the exact cause is controversial. This case report aims to discuss the role of stress as triggers for OLP in anemic patients. A 64-year-old female patient came to Universitas Indonesia Dental Hospital, with a complaint of bumps on inner part of her right and left cheeks for 1 month. The patient has already gargled with po-vidone iodine and chlorhexidine gluconate but there were no changes. She admitted of feeling tired due to domestic conditions. Intraoral examination revealed some diffuse white striaes, located bilaterally on the buccal mucosa of 14-17 and 25-27, with ulceration and erosion of the buccal gingiva 16 along with areas of gingival desquamation. The screening using DASS 42 indicates the presence of anxiety and stress on a moderate scale, while the results of routine blood tests showed anemia. The patient was given a dexamethasone rinse twice a day and multivitamins con-taining antioxidants and minerals for 10 days. She was also educated to manage her stress and to increase nutritional intake to correct anemia. The patient was regularly monitored which showed lesion improvement and reduced pain complaints. Establishing the possible predisposing factors in the management of Oral Lichen Planus is essential in order to gain optimal treatment results.

Keywords: Oral Lichen Planus, Stress, Anemia



Case of Recurrent Intraoral Herpes in Patient with Chronic Gastritis: Management and Clinical ApproachFani Diorita1, Febrina Rahmayanti2*, Indriasti Indah Wardhany2, Masita Mandasari2, Ambar Kusuma Astuti2

1 Resident of Oral Medicine Residency Program Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia2 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia)


ABSTRACT

Multiple ulcers in the oral cavity can be caused by various predisposing factors, including systemic conditions, making it a challenge to diagnose them. The aim of this paper was to discuss the challenges in diagnosing multiple oral ulcers with systemic disease as predisposing factor. A 57-year-old male came to Universitas Indonesia Dental Hospital with the chief complaint of canker sore on the tongue since 3 weeks ago and he had difficulty in speaking. He experience no fever, only sore throat. History of canker sores 2-3 times a year. He smoked 1 pack of cigarettes per day since 35 years ago. Weight loss 3kg in 3 weeks, difficult to swallow. His stomach pain when he eats late. Defe-cate once every 2 days without bleeding. Clinical examination lymph nodes are not palpable and painless. Intraoral there were multiple coalescent ulcers on the buccal and labial mucosa, also minute ulcers on ventral of tongue. The working diagnosis was recurrent aphthous ulcer herpetiformis with differential diagnosis was recurrent intraoral herpes (RIH). The patient was prescribed with mouthwash containing aloe vera and multivitamins plus minerals. To confirm the diagnosis the patient was referred for serological examination of HSV, IgE, complete blood count, liver and kidney function and to the internist for evaluation of systemic conditions The results showed that the patient’s IgG to anti-HSV was increased, the diagnosis was confirmed to be recurrent intraoral herpes. The internist performed an examinations of random blood glucose, HbA1c, albumin, CEA, urinalysis, thorax PA, colonoscopy showed nor-mal results. However, CRP level was high. Gastroscopy and antrum biopsy showed mild active chronic gastritis, non-atrophic, and non-dysplastic. The patient was given gastritis drug therapy, antibiotics and corticosteroids. Oral lesions completely resolved on eight week of follow-up. Early identification of the patient’s systemic condition and appropriate treatment can decreased the severity, increased healing process of RIH, and may improve the quality of life of the patient.

Keywords: Recurrent intraoral herpes, Chronic gastritis, Recurrent aphthous ulcer herpetiformis



Preparing Dental Implant by Socket Preservation in a Chronic Periodontitis Patient: A Case Report Sita Silvia Harsari1*, Rudhanton2*, Ranny Rachmawati2

1 Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia2 Departement of Peridontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

* Corresponding author’s email: [email protected] /[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Chronic periodontitis is a periodontal disease characterized by bone loss, which can complicate the implant pro-cedure. In this case report, socket preservation procedure was carried out by applicating a bone graft material to restore alveolar ridge dimensions to prepare for the dental implant placement. A 43-year-old female patient came with complaints of mobility and pain on her lower right posterior tooth when it was used to eat. Clinical examination revealed that the mandibular right first premolar has a 03 mobility, with a periodontal pocket depth of 7 mm. On ra-diographic examination, vertical bone loss reaching the apex of the tooth was found. The patient wanted an implant for her tooth replacement. To resolve this case, the mandibular right first premolar was extracted due to it’s poor prognosis. After tooth extraction, curettage was performed to remove a granuloma inside the socket thoroughly. The bone socket should be openly exposed and free of soft tissues. A bone graft material was applied to the socket and covered with a collagen membrane and then sutured with a horizontal mattress suture. Because the patient did not want to be toothless, the extracted tooth was cut on its cervical line until only the crown remains, and then attached to its adjacent teeth using a flowable composite. The implant was then placed 3 months after the procedure above. The socket preservation procedure is an important procedure to prepare the abutment tissues for implant placement.

Keywords: Alveolar ridge, Chronic periodontitis, Implant, Socket preservation



Oral Medicine Specialist In Lichenoid Drug Reaction due to Dental RestorationDwi Setianingtyas1,2*, Cane Lukisari1,2, Nafiah1,2 , Felicia Eda Haryanto3

1 Departement of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry Hang Tuah University, Surabaya,Indonesia2 Dental Departement of Dr Ramelan Naval Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia3 General practioner, Dental Clinic Samarinda , Indonesia


ABSTRACT

Oral cavity is the entrance of various antigens (Ag), including dental restoration. Dental restoration is classified into direct (amalgam) and indirect restoration (ceramic crown). Mucosal reactions of the oral cavity that often occur due to amalgam dental restoration is Lichenoid Drug Reaction (LDR). LDR causes a long term-pain, which has a signif-icant impact on the quality of life. Discusses etiopathogenesis and management case that cause LDR and expects a good future prospect of dental restoration. Cases : The first case, 48-year-old woman came with sprue since 6 months ago. It has been treated but does not show any improvement. On clinical examination, there was amalgam in right mandibular first molar. The second case, women, aged 56 years old with painful sensation complaints on the left cheek since 4 years ago. Patients used ceramic crown at left mandibular first molar. Management : Management of cases, biopsies are performed. The histopathologic feature was chronic inflammatory cells. The patients was given a corticosteroid drug and Benzydamine HCl mouthwash. The next treatment planning for replacement of composite materials as dental restorations and ceramic crown will be replaced with denture of acrylic material. Conclusions : To improve the quality of life of patients with LDR, it is hoped that the role of the oral medicine specialist as a clini-cian for complaints related to dental restoration material is expected.

Keywords: Lichenoid Drug Reaction, Dental restoration, Amalgam, Ceramic

ABSTRACT FOR THE 3 BRAWIJAYA DENTISTRY

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