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Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried
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Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Dec 19, 2015

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Page 1: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Absorption and theatricality

Bakgrunnur

Salon

Fried

Page 2: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Heimspekilegar áherslur

• Heimspekilegar áherslur:

- Sókrates (í Málsvörninni og víðar)

- J-.J. Rousseau, M. Montaigne, B. Pascal

- Ralph Waldo Emerson, F. Nietzsche

Page 3: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Salon

• Salon Carré (1667) í Louvre• Aflagður árin 1704-1737 (nema 1725)• Árlega til 1751 (?) en á tveggja ára fresti

eftir það. • Gabriel de Saint-Aubin

http://artyzm.com/world/s/saintaubin/images/salon.jpg

• Diderot

Page 4: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Salon

• 25. ágúst út september (stundum lengur)

• Livret (skrá þar sem öll verkin eru talin upp samkvæmt númeri)

• Greuze sýndi t.d. sex málverk 1755.

Page 5: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Hierachy of genres

• Franska Akademína 1667.

• Félibiens (opinber sagnaritari listakademíunnar)

• Virðingarröð

• Hve vandasamt er að mál viðfangið

Page 6: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

„To represent a body by merely tracing lines or adding colour is considered a mechanical operation. Accordingly, since in such Art different Workers apply themselves to different subjects, it is invariably the case that the more they concern themselves with the most difficult and noble things, the more they distance themselves from that which is inferior and common, and dignify themselves by more distinguished work. In this way, the artist who paints perfect landscapes is superior to another who merely paints fruit, flowers or shells. The artist who paints live animals is more praiseworthy than the one who only represents dead, inert things; and, as the figure of man is God’s most perfect earthly creation, it is equally certain that the artist who seeks to imitate God by painting human figures is infinitely superior to all others. ... Nevertheless, a Painter who only paints portraits has not yet attainted such lofty perfection of Art and cannot claim the honour accorded to the most learned. To achieve this, it is necessary to progress from the representation of a single figure to that of several together; it is necessary to depict history and legend, to portray great events in the manner of the Historians, or pleasurable themes like the Poets; scaling even greater heights, it is necessary, by allegorical compositions, to enshrine in legend the virtues of great men and the most elevated mysteries.“ (Félibiens, 1667)

Page 7: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Hierarchy of genres

• Söguleg málverk (history paintings). (Grand genre)

• Andlitsmyndir (Portraits)• Genre paintings (Myndir úr

hversdagslífinu). Einnig nefndar „genre scene“ eða „petit genre“.

• Landslagsmyndir (Landscape/seascape)• Kyrralífsmyndir (Still life).

Page 8: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Fried

• Tengslin við áhorfandann. Að neita návist áhorfandans, að gera hana hlutlausa. Þversagnakennd tengsl. Að skapa þá blekkingu að enginn standi fyrir framan málverkið. (Áhrifin eru þau að áhrofandinn er sem dáleiddur frammi fyrir myndinni.)

• Í dag: Absorption (og neitun áhrofandans)• Næsti tími: Hierarchy of genre og söguleg

málverk.

Page 9: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Aðferðin

• Skoða klassísk málverk með hliðsjón af umsögn samtíðarmanna (gagnrýnenda)

• Í ljós kemur flötur á þessum málverkum sem listgagnrýnendur okkar tíma hafa lítið framhjá.

Page 10: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Admired for their persuasiveness of their

representation of absoptive states and activities

Ólíkir málarar að þessu leyti svipaðir:

• Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin (1699-1779)

• Carle Van Loo (1705-1765)

• Joseph-Marie Vien (1716-1809)

• Jean-Baptiste Greuze (1725-1805)

Page 11: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Absorption

• Absorptive activities: lesa, skrifa, hlusta, dæma

• Absorptive states: hugsi, hugleiðingar o.s.frv.

• Absorptive qualities

• Hlutir sem gefa til kynna absorption svo sem hauskúpa í helli einbúans.

Page 12: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Absorption

• Að veita einhverju fulla athygli• Eitt helsta einkennið: Maður gleymir öllu

öðru en því sem maður veitir athygli. Oubli de soi.

• Algjör athygli og vélræn hegðun, ósjálfráð eða ómeðvituð. Að hlusta svo stíft að maður tekur ekki eftir því að maður reynir að halda aftur að barni eða er að hella niður mjólk.

Page 13: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Absorption

• Að e-r sé svo niðursokkinn að ekki sé hægt að trufla hann (Heimspekingurinn við lestur, eða teiknarinn)

• Slíkt ástand (intense absorption) undirstrikað með samanburði við einhvern sem ekki veitir athygli (lítill drengur sem er annars hugar)

Page 14: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Absorption

• Athygli er látin í ljós með því að viðfangið verður ekki truflað (resistance to distraction).

• Tengsl absorptions og svefns

- virðast ólíkleg (athygli kallar á meðvitund)

- innra líf (inwardness)

Page 15: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Absorption

• Absorption depends on the capacity for inwardness (41)

• Gagnrýni á þá sem ekki fullnægja þessum kröfum tekur stundum það form að þeir máli strengjabrúður (ekkert innra líf).

• Absorption: Not time wasted but time filled.

• Absorption og hirðuleysi um útlit.

Page 16: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Absorption

• ... firmly and sadly within yourself.

• Absorption og nýtt siðferði (absorption er góð í sjálfu sér).

Page 17: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Primacy of absorption

• Fried leggur ekki einungis áherslu á að absorption sé þema í þessum málverkum (t.d. frá 1753 og 1755 og síðar) heldur er kenning hans um primacy of absorption. Kemur fyrst, er mikilvægast.

• Hvernig við skiljum list Greuze.• Viss samkenni með ólíkum málurum tímabilsins:

Chardin, Van Loo, Vien og Greuze.

Page 18: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Primacy of absorption

• Hvernig við skiljum tengsl milli tjáningar og absorption.

• Greining á blæbrigðum tilfinninga í málverkum og gagnrýni tímabilsins (modulations of absorption)

• Uppreisnin gegn rókókó.• Paradigm paintings, paradigm of

absorption.

Page 19: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

• François Boucher (1703-1770)• Premier paintre du roi, 1765- gervilegir litir- tilgerðarlegar eða ýktar teikningar- óákveðin tjáning- Eins og viðföngin veittu því ekki athyglis sem þau

gerðu eða urðu fyrir- Veittu ekki athygli því sem fyrir augun bar.

Page 20: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Sögulegt samhengi

• Andóf gegn rókókó (1747)• Turning away from exquisite, sensuous, intimately

decorative paintings ... to high seriousness, elevated morality, and timeless esthetic principles of the great art of the past.

• Haft gegn rókókó að hafa vanrækt absorptive considerations.

• Paradigm paintings, also paradigm of absorptive paintings.

Page 21: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Chardin

• Sápukúlan (http://www.haberarts.com/chardin.jpg)

• Spilaborgin (http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/chardin/boy-cards.jpg)

Page 22: Absorption and theatricality Bakgrunnur Salon Fried.

Greuze

• La Piété filiale (http://www.hermitagemuseum.org/imgs_En/03/artwork/e3_3_1_7b_french_art15.jpg)