Abdomen
Dec 28, 2015
Abdomen
Structure and Function
Borders of Abdominal Cavity Lg. Oval cavity from diaphragm to
pelvis Posteriorly- vertebral column &
paravertebral muscles Laterally & anteriorly – lower rib cage
and abdominal muscles
Abdominal Muscles 4 layers
1. External oblique2. Internal oblique3. Transverse abdominis4. Rectus abdominus
Linea alba Rectus abdominus
Internal Anatomy Viscera Liver Gallbladder Spleen Aorta Pancreas Kidneys
Abdominal wall = 4 quadrants RUQ LUQ RLQ LLQ Epigastric Umbilical Suprapubic
Subjective Data
Appetite Dysphagia Food intolerance Abdominal pain N&V Bowel habits Past abd. History Medications Nutritional assessment
Objective Data
Order of Exam Inspection Auscultation Percussion Palpation
Spleen
Spleen
Rt. Kidney
Lt. Kidney
Refered abd. Pain
obesity
Ascites
Ovarion cyst
Air/ Gas
Breasts/ Axilla
External Anatomy
B/t 2nd 6th rib Sternum to MAL Tail of Spence Nipple Areola Montgomery’s glands
Internal Anatomy
Glandular tissue 15- 20 lobes Alveoli producing milk Ducts
Lactiferous Collecting
Ampullae Reservoir for storing milk
Internal Anatomy cont.
Cooper’s ligaments Adipose tissue
Breast 4 quadrants Tail of Spence Most breast tumors – upper outer
quadrant
Lymphatics
Axillary nodes Central axillary Pectoral Subscapular Lateral Lymph- central axillary node- up to
infraclavicular and supraclavicular nodes
Lymphatics cont.
Small amt. Of lymph Directly to infraclavicular group Or deep into chest Or abdomen Or directly across to the opposite
breast
Subjective Data - Breast
Pain Lumps Discharge Rash Swelling Trauma History Self- care behaviors
Subjective Data- Axilla
Tenderness Swelling Lumps Rash
Objective Data
Examination Privacy Comfort Anxiety
Retraction
Retraction
Inspect & Palpate Axillae
Palpate Breasts
Wheel Pattern
Concentric Circles
Palpate Nipple
Fibocystic Cancer Fibroadenoma