Abap Report

Report ProgrammingSrinivas Vuppala

Report Programming

SAP- ABAP supports two types of Programs

Report Programs Dialog Programs

Report Programs Report Programs are always Executable Programs. Program Type is always 1

Every Report program corresponds to a particular Application Type are of Sales & Distribution, Material Management, FI CO etc.

Report Programming is an Event-driven programming

Report Programs

The first line of a report program is always Report <report-name>.

In order to suppress the list heading or the name of the program the addition No Standard Page Heading is used.

The line size for a particular report can be set by using the addition line-size <size>.

The line count for a particular page can be set by using the addition line-count n(n1). N is the number of lines for the page and N1 is the number of lines reserved for the

page footer.

To display any information or error message, we add a message class to the program using the addition: Message-id <message class name>.

Message classes are maintained in SE91

Uses of Report Program

To display the large amount of data and also data from a number of tables that

have to be selected and processed before presenting

when reports demand a special format

when the report has to be downloaded from SAP to an Excel sheet to be

distributed across.

when the report has to be mailed to a particular person.

Report Program

▪ Ideal report program should start with:

Report <report name> no standard page heading line-size <size> line-count <n(n1)>

message-id <message class>.

SELECTION SCREEN

Selection screen  is the screen where one specifies the input values for Field.

Functions of selection screen

Abap program use selection screens to obtain input from users

The rules for calling and defining selection screens in ABAP programs depend on the program type

The selection screen is normally generated from the

Parameters

Select-Options

Select-screen

Syntax

Selection-screen begin of screen <screen #>selection-screen begin of block <#>  with frame title <text>………………….selection-screen end of block <#>selection-screen end of screen <screen #>

Parameters Parameters helps one to do dynamic selection.

They can accommodate only one value for one cycle of execution of the program.

Syntax

Defining parameters as a data type

Parameters p_id(30) type c.

Defining parameters like a table field.

Parameter p_id like <table name>-<field name>.

Parameters can be Checkboxes as well as Radiobuttons.

Parameters p_id as checkbox. Parameters p_id1 radiobutton group <group name>. Parameters p_id2  radiobutton group <group name>.

Parameters can be listbox.

Parameter p_id like <table name>-<field name> as listbox

Select Options

A Select-Option is used to input a range of values or a set of values to a program

Syntax

select-options s_vbeln for vbak-vbeln.

You can also define a select option like a variable

select-options s_vbeln for vbak-vbeln no intervals no-extension

Selection Tables

To declare a selection table in the program that is linked to the <f> column of a database or to at internal <f> field in the program

Their main purpose is to directly translate the selection criteria into database selections using WHERE addition in open SQL statements

Structure of Selection Tables:

▪ The row type of a selection table is a structure that consists of four components

SIGN

OPTION

LOW

HIGH

SIGN ▪ The data type of SIGN is C with length 1. ▪ The contents of SIGN determine for each row condition is to be

included or excluded from the resulting set of all rows.

Possible values are I and E▪ I stands for ‘inclusive’ (inclusion criteria – operators are not

inverted)▪ E stands for ‘exclusive’ (exclusive criteria – operators are

inverted)

OPTION▪ The data type of OPTION is C with length 2.

▪ OPTION contains the selection operator., it contains following operator

▪ If HIGH is empty, You can use EQ,NE, GT,LE,LT,CP(contains pattern) AND NP(No pattern)

▪ If HIGH is filled, You can use BT(Between) and NB (Not between)

Low

The data type of LOW is same as column type of the database table to which selection criteria linked.

It represents the lower limit of selection criteria.

High

The data type of HIGH is same as column type of database table to which selection criteria linked.

It represents the higher limit of selection criteria.

Syntax

SELECT-OPTIONS <seltab> for <f>.

Valid data types of <f> include all elementary ABAP types expect data type F.

EVENTS IN AN ABAP REPORT PROGRAM

▪ ABAP report programs are event driven programs

Events in a report Program

Load-of-program.

▪ Triggers the associated event in an internal session after loading a program of program type Executable program (type 1), Module Pools( Type M), Function Modules (Type F), or Subroutine Pools (Type S).

▪ Also runs the associated processing block once and once only for each program and internal session.

▪ The processing block LOAD-OF-PROGRAM has the same function for an ABAP program of type 1, M, F or S as a constructor has for classes in ABAP Objects

INITIALIZATION

▪ This event occurs before the standard selection screen is called

▪ To initialize the input fields of the standard selection screen

AT SELECTION-SCREEN

▪ This event is processed before leaving the screen.

▪ To validate the input provided through the selection screen.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON <Field Name> This event is processed before leaving the selection screen element. To validate the individual input provided through selection screen

START-OF-SELECTION This event occurs after the selection screen has been processed and before data

is read using the logical database. The Report statement always executes a START-OF-SELECTION implicitly

consequently all processing logic

TOP-OF-PAGE

This is a list processing event executed before the first data is output on a new page.

This is processed only when generating basic list. This is only executed before outputting the first line using any output statement

such as write, uline, skip on a new page This allows you to define output which supplements the standard page header at

the beginning of the page.

END-OF-PAGE

This will be triggered when it reaches the END-OF-PAGE. This is used to print the same footer details for all pages.

END-OF-SELECTION

This is called by the runtime environment to occur. It is triggered after all of the data has been read from the logical database and

before the list processor is started.

TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION

This event is used to create page header for detail list

The system triggers this event for each detail list.

You must program the processing block accordingly

GET

This event is triggered each time a logical database program reads a row from a database table using GET statement

GET LATE

This event is triggered when all of the data records for a node of the logical database have been read

AT LINE-SELECTION

When you choose a list line, the system triggers at AT LINE-SELECTION event.

GUI status permits the function(f2) by choosing choose, the user can create 20 lists

AT USER COMMAND

This event triggers at the function codes that are intercepted by the runtime environment which must be defined in GUI status.

AT PF <nn> (obsolete)

When ever the user hits the function code this event will trigger

All the function keys of the keyboard F<nn> that are not for predefined functions, are set to function codes PF<nn>, where <nn> is a number between 01 and 24.

During the list processing, function codes PF<nn> are linked to the event blocks for PF<nn>.

Classical Reports

▪ Displaying the whole data as one list

▪ One Basic List

Events in Classical Report

▪ INITIALIZATION

▪ AT SELECTION-SCREEN

▪ AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON <Field Name>

▪ START-OF-SELECTION

▪ TOP-OF-PAGE

▪ END-OF-PAGE

▪ END-OF-SELECTION

Example: Classical Reports

Report ZDEMO_CLASSICAL_REPORTS_EVENTS NO STANDARD PAGE DEADING LINE-SIZE(72) LINE-COUNT 20(3) MESSAGE-ID ZCRE.

DATA: BEGIN OF ITAB, EBELN TYPE EBELN, LIFNR TYPE LIFNR, BUKRS TYPE BUKRS, EKORG TYPE EKORG, EBELP TYPE EBELP, MATNR TYPE MATNR, MENGE TYPE MENGE, NETPR TYPE NETPR, END OF ITAB.

DATA : JTAB LIKE TABLE OF ITAB.

DATA: V_BUKRS TYPE BUKRS, V_EKORG TYPE EKORG.

SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK B1 WITH FRAME.

SELECT-OPTIONS: S_BUKRS FOR V_BUKRS, "COMPANY CODE S_EKORG FOR V_EKORG. "PURCHASING ORGANSIATION

SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK B1.

******************************************TOP-OF-PAGE*****************************************TOP-OF-PAGE.WRITE: / 5 'COMPANY CODE', 17 'VENDOR', 28 'PUR ORG', 40 'Doc No'.uline.

******************************************

*INITIALIZATION

******************************************

S_BUKRS-LOW = '1000'.

S_BUKRS-HIGH = '5000'.

S_BUKRS-SIGN = 'I'.

S_BUKRS-OPTION = 'BT'.

APPEND S_BUKRS.

******************************************

*AT SELECTION-SCREEN

******************************************

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON S_BUKRS.

SELECT BUKRS INTO V_BUKRS FROM T001 WHERE BUKRS IN S_BUKRS.

ENDSELECT.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

WRITE: /'INVALID COMPANY CODE'.

ENDIF.

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON S_EKORG.

SELECT EKORG INTO V_EKORG FROM EKKO WHERE EKORG IN S_EKORG.

ENDSELECT.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

WRITE: /'INVALID PURCHASING ORGANISATION'.

ENDIF.

******************************************

*START-OF-SELECTION

******************************************

START-OF-SELECTION.

SELECT EKKO~EBELN

EKKO~LIFNR

EKKO~BUKRS

EKKO~EKORG

INTO TABLE JTAB

FROM EKKO INNER JOIN EKPO

ON EKKO~EBELN = EKPO~EBELN

WHERE EKKO~BUKRS IN S_BUKRS AND EKKO~EKORG IN

S_EKORG.

******************************************

*END-OF-SELECTION

******************************************

END-OF-SELECTION.

IF SY-SUBRC = 0.

LOOP AT JTAB INTO ITAB.

WRITE: /5 ITAB-BUKRS,

17 ITAB-LIFNR,

28 ITAB-EKORG,

40 ITAB-EBELN.

CLEAR ITAB.

ENDLOOP.

ELSE.

WRITE:/'NO RECORDS WERE FOUND'.

ENDIF.

**********************************************************

*END-OF-PAGE

**********************************************************

END-OF-PAGE.

ULINE.

WRITE: / ‘PAGE NO’, SY-PAGENO.

ULINE.

Interactive Reports

▪ All lists created during an interactive list event are detail lists.

▪ Each interactive event creates a new detail list.

▪ You can maintain one basic list and Upto 20 detail list.

▪ The Basic list has a standard list status and a standard page header.

▪ The TOP-OF-PAGE and END-OF-PAGE event occur while the basic list is being created.

▪ The basic list is automatically sent to the list processor and displayed at the end of END-OF-SELECTION event.

▪ AT LINE-SELECTION event, the first details list overlays the basic list and thereafter user can create upto 20 detail list

Events in Interactive Reports

▪ INITIALIZATION

▪ AT SELECTION-SCREEN

▪ START-OF-SELECTION

▪ END-OF-SELECTION

▪ TOP-OF-PAGE

▪ END-OF-PAGE

▪ TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE SELECTION

▪ AT LINE-SELECTION

▪ AT USER-COMMAND

▪ AT PF <nn> (obsolete)

Example Program

Report Zdemo Interactive_Report_Events No standard page Heading line-size 100

line-count 37(4)

Message-id ZDemo.

TABLES: LFA1,"VENDOR MASTER

EKKO,"PURCHASING DOCUMENT HEADER

EKPO."PURCHASING DOCUMENT ITEM

DATA: BEGIN OF WA_LFA1,

LIFNR TYPE LIFNR,"ACCOUNT NUMBER OF VENDOR

NAME1 TYPE NAME1,"NAME

LAND1 TYPE LAND1,"COUNTRY KEY

ORT01 TYPE ORT01,"CITY

ANRED TYPE ANRED,"TITLE

END OF WA_LFA1.

DATA: IT_LFA1 LIKE STANDARD TABLE OF WA_LFA1.

DATA: BEGIN OF WA_EKKO,

LIFNR TYPE LIFNR,"ACCOUNT NUMBER OF VENDOR

EBELN TYPE EBELN,"PURCHASING DOCUMENT NUMEBR

BSTYP TYPE BSTYP,"PURCHASING DOCUMENT CATEGORY

EKORG TYPE EKORG,"PURCHASING ORGANISATION

END OF WA_EKKO.

DATA: IT_EKKO LIKE STANDARD TABLE OF WA_EKKO.

DATA: BEGIN OF WA_EKPO,

EBELN TYPE EBELN,"PURCHASING DOCUMENT NUMBER

EBELP TYPE EBELP,"ITEM NUMBER OF PURCHASING DOCUMENT

MATNR TYPE MATNR,"MATERIAL NUMBER

BSTYP TYPE BSTYP,"PURCHASING DOCUMENT CATEGORY

EKORG TYPE EKORG,"PURCHASING ORGANISATION

NETPR TYPE NETPR,"NET PRICE

END OF WA_EKPO.

DATA: IT_EKPO LIKE STANDARD TABLE OF WA_EKPO.

DATA: BEGIN OF WA_MAKT,

MATNR TYPE MATNR,"MATERIAL NUMBER

MAKTX TYPE MAKTX,"MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

END OF WA_MAKT.

DATA: IT_MAKT LIKE STANDARD TABLE OF WA_MAKT.

***************************************************************** SELECTION-SCREEN****************************************************************SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK B1 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001.DATA V_LIFNR TYPE LIFNR.SELECT-OPTIONS: S_LIFNR FOR V_LIFNR.SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK B1.

*********************************************** TOP-OF-PAGE*********************************************TOP-OF-PAGE.WRITE: /40 'BASIC LIST: VENDOR DETAILS' COLOR 5, SY-LSIND.ULINE.FORMAT COLOR 4.WRITE: / 'VENDOR NUMBER', 27 'NAME', 53 'COUNTRY', 65 'CITY', 80 'TITLE'.ULINE.

*************************************************AT SELECTION-SCREEN************************************************AT SELECTION-SCREEN.SELECT SINGLE LIFNR INTO S_LIFNR FROM LFA1 WHERE LIFNR IN S_LIFNR.

IF SY-SUBRC NE 0. MESSAGE E000.ENDIF.

************************************************

*START-OF-SELECTION

************************************************

START-OF-SELECTION.

SELECT LIFNR

NAME1

ORT01

ANRED INTO TABLE IT_LFA1 FROM LFA1 WHERE LIFNR IN S_LIFNR.

***********************************************

* END-OF-SELECTION

***********************************************

END-OF-SELECTION.

LOOP AT IT_LFA1 INTO WA_LFA1.

FORMAT COLOR 3.

WRITE: /5 WA_LFA1-LIFNR, 15 WA_LFA1-NAME1, 55 WA_LFA1-LAND1, 64 WA_LFA1-ORT01, 75 WA_LFA1-ANRED.

*HIDE THE REQUIRED QUERY

HIDE WA_LFA1-LIFNR.

ENDLOOP.

**********************************************

* END-OF-PAGE

**********************************************

END-OF-PAGE.

ULINE.

FORMAT COLOR 4.

WRITE: /75 'PAGE NO', SY-PAGNO.

ULINE.

***********************************************

* AT LINE-SCREEN

***********************************************

AT LINE-SELECTION.

CASE SY-LSIND.

WHEN 1.

*DISPLAY PUR.DOC NO IN Ist SECONDARY LIST

SELECT LIFNR

EBELN

BSTYP

EKORG FROM EKKO INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE IT_EKKO.

IF NOT IT_EKKO IS INITIAL.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.

AT FIRST.

WRITE: /30 'FIRST SECONDRY LIST: PURCHASING DOCUMENT NUMBER

DETAILS' COLOR 5, SY-LSIND.

ULINE.

FORMAT COLOR 4.

WRITE: / 'ACCOUNT NO', 15 'PUR DOC NO', 30 'DOC CATEGORY', 45 'PUR ORG'.

ULINE.

ENDAT.

FORMAT COLOR 3.

WRITE: / WA_EKKO-LIFNR, 15 WA_EKKO-EBELN, 35 WA_EKKO-BSTYP, 45

WA_EKKO-EKORG.

*HIDE EBELN INTO QUERY

HIDE: WA_EKKO-EBELN.

ENDLOOP.

ELSE.

WRITE: /5 'NO RECORDS FOUND FOR THE SELECTED VENDOR'.

ENDIF.

WHEN 2.

*DISPLAY LINE ITEM IN 2ND SECONDARY LIST

SELECT EBELN

EBELP

MATNR

NETPR FROM EKPO INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE IT_EKPO.

WHEN 2.

*DISPLAY LINE ITEM IN 2ND SECONDARY LIST

SELECT EBELN

EBELP

MATNR

NETPR FROM EKPO INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE IT_EKPO.

*WHICH WAS ALREADY HIDDEN AT PREVIOUS LIST

IF NOT IT_EKPO IS INITIAL.

LOOP AT IT_EKPO INTO WA_EKPO.

AT FIRST.

WRITE: /5 'SECOND SECONDARY LIST: ITEM NO OF PURCHASING DOCUMENT'

COLOR 4, SY-LSIND.

ULINE.

FORMAT COLOR 5.

WRITE: / 'PUC DOC NO', 15 'ITEM NO', 25 'MATERIAL NO', 45 'NET PRICE'.

ULINE.

ENDAT.

FORMAT COLOR 3.

WRITE: / WA_EKPO-EBELN, 15 WA_EKPO-EBELP, 25 WA_EKPO-MATNR, 35

WA_EKPO-NETPR.

*HIDE THE MATERIAL NUMBER TO QUERY

HIDE: WA_EKPO-EBELN.

ENDLOOP.

ELSE.

WRITE: /5 'NO RECORDS'.

ENDIF.

WHEN 3.

*DISPLAY MATERIALS DETAILS IN 3RD SECONDARY LIST

SELECT MATNR

MAKTX

INTO TABLE IT_MAKT FROM MAKT WHERE MATNR = WA_EKPO-MATNR.

IF NOT IT_MAKT IS INITIAL.

LOOP AT IT_MAKT INTO WA_MAKT.

AT FIRST.

WRITE: /5 'MATERIAL NO' COLOR 5, SY-LSIND.

ULINE.

FORMAT COLOR 4.

WRITE: /5 'MATERIAL NO', 25 'MATERIAL DESC'.

ULINE.

ENDAT.

FORMAT COLOR 3.

WRITE: /5 WA_MAKT-MATNR, 25 WA_MAKT-MAKTX.

ENDLOOP.

ELSE.

WRITE: /5 'NO RECORDS FOUND'.

ENDIF.

ENDCASE.