ABA

ABAMotivation &

Reinforcement

Alison Mummert2011

Signals used during this training…

When you see my….. You…• Hand up – Listen /Get ready• Hand drop/snap – Respond • “Everyone” -- Respond as group• Pointing at you -- Individual

Responding

Behavior- Observable/Measurable movement of a person

Analyze bx to determine it’s function.

Escape/Attention/Automatic Reinforcement

Bx we want to increase or decrease.

Behavior is o________ & m__________

ABC Analysis A- Antecedent – Anything in the environment before a particular behavior.Antecedents immediately before the bx are the most important.

A- _______________, anything in the environment b_________ the behavior.

ABC AnalysisC- Consequence – Anything in the environment after a particular behavior.Consequences immediately after the bx are the most important.

C-_______________, anything in the environment

a_______ the behavior.

Review…

• Behavior is the o____________ and m______________ movement of a person.

• Antecedent condition includes anything in the environment b____________ a behavior.

• Consequence condition includes anything in the environment a__________ a behavior.

The Operant AnalysisANTECEDENT BEHAVIOR CONSEQUENCE

Motivative Operation Response(Dimensions:topography; temporal; magnitude; location)

Reinforcement(Positive and Negative)(Socially mediated and automatic)

Stimulus (Discriminative, Neutral, Delta)

No Response Punishment (Type I and II)(socially mediated and automatic)

Prompts (a procedural use of discriminative stimuli)

Schedules of reinforcement

continuous, variable, fixed, extinction

Operant Analysis

Motivative Operations

Motivation is an Antecedent that alters the value of reinforcers.

Antecedents are environmental factors that occur________ a particular behavior.

Motivation __________ the _________ of reinforcers.

Motivation !Motivation lies in the EnvironmentAffected by:Satiation/Deprivation Ex. Coffee

and Environmental changes Ex. Bring out bag of chips

Motivation affects the value of reinforcers!

Motivation is in the ___________ and is affected by S___________/D_____________ and other E___________ changes

Reinforcement

Reinforcement is a Consequence that increases the probability of a particular behavior occurring again under similar circumstances.

Consequences occur ______________Reinforcement does what to behavior?______________

Reinforcement Positive Reinforcement- Something added Ex. Candy/tokenNegative Reinforcement- Something removed Ex. Timeout(demand removed)

Reinforcement increases a particular behavior.

Anything that increases a particular behavior is R_____________Something added after a particular bx that causes that bx to

increase is P________ ____________.Something removed after a particular bx that causes that bx

to increase is N___________ _____________.

Value of reinforcement The student will engage in behavior that is associated with a stronger motivative operation. Be sure to establish motivation!

Effort (needed to respond) The student will engage in behavior that involves less effort. Make responding easy: use errorless procedures!

Rate of Reinforcement The student will engage in behavior that most consistently obtains reinforcement. Reinforce on an appropriate variable ratio schedule!

Magnitude of Reinforcement The student will engage in behavior that obtains the greatest degree (quality and/or quantity) of reinforcement. Provide more reinforcement for better responding!

Immediacy of Reinforcement The student will engage behavior that produces reinforcement quickly. Reinforce best responding immediately!

Punishment

Consequence that decreases a particular behavior.