AASW6: Crp on dryland systems icarda caas, china 3 4 june, 2013 version 3 accra

CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Systems

The global research partnership to improve food security and livelihoods in the world's dry areas

NSFC-CAAS-ICARDA-ICRISAT Workshop

CAAS, Beijing, China

3-4 June, 2013

Mahmoud SolhDirector General, ICARDA

Outline

1. The challenges of the dry areas;

2. The integrated production system approach in addressing the challenges facing dry areas;

3. The CGIAR Research Program (CRP) on Dryland Systems

4. The Inception Phase in 2012 and Program implementation

5. The outcome of the Launch Meeting of the CRP on Dryland Systems.

1. Challenges of the dry areas

Drylands of the world

CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Agricultural Production Systems – Launch Meeting, Amman 21-23 May 2013

TitleProminant Features of Drylands

Dry Areas: Fragile Agro-Ecosystems

Physical water scarcity

Rapid natural resource degradation and desertification

Groundwater depletion

Drought

Salinity

Climate change

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006

m

Decrease of the Souss aquifer level in Morocco

Relative change of mean annual precipitation 1980/1999 to 2080/2099, scenario A1b, average of 21 GCMs (compiled by GIS Unit ICARDA, based on partial maps in Christensen et al., 2007)

Climate Change: Relative change in mean annual precipitation 1980/1999 to 2080/2099

Absolute change of mean annual temperature 1980/1999 to 2080/2099, scenario A1b, average of 21 GCMs (compiled by GIS Unit ICARDA, based on partial maps in Christensen et al., 2007)

Absolute change of mean annual temperature1980/1999 to 2080/2099

Challenges to Food Security: Biotic Stresses

SalinityInsect PestsFungi

Diseases

Weeds/Parasitic Weeds

Further Challenges to Food Security in the Developing Countries

Inadequate agricultural policies for sustainable agricultural development

Insufficient investment in agricultural research and development

2. The integrated approach in addressing challenges facing dry areas

The integrated approach involving the three pillars of

sustainable agricultural development in dry areas

Socio-economic & policy, and institutional support

Sustainable natural resource management and inputs

Crop & livestock genetic improvement

Integration at farm and field levels

ICARDA’s Research Programs

Biodiversity and Crop Genetic Improvement

Integrated Water and Land Management

Sustainable Intensification of Production Systems

Social, Economic and Policy Research

Improving Food Security and Livelihoods in Dry Areas: Investment in Two Major Agro-ecologies

A. High Potential Dry Areas

Relative higher rainfall areas or areas where irrigation water is available: the approach to follow is sustainable intensification and diversification of production systems;

B. Low Potential Dry Areas or Marginal Land

Low rainfall area where production system resilience and risk management is the approach to follow.

3. The CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Systems

CRP on Drylands Systems: Integrated Agricultural Production Systems for Improving Food Security and Improving Livelihoods in Dry Areas

Objectives:

Sustainable productivity growth and intensified production systems at the farm and landscape levels

More resilient dryland agro-ecosystems that can cope with climate variation and change

Less vulnerable and improved rural livelihoods

Agricultural innovations systems that improve the impact of research and development investments.

System Level Outputs

Reducing rural poverty; Improving food security; Improving nutrition and health; and Sustainable management of natural

resources.

CRP on Dryland Systems (cont’d)

Two main target agro-ecosystems: Most vulnerable systems & low

potential areas Systems with the greatest potential

for impact & Potential

Geographical Regions: West African Sahel & Dry Savanna Eastern & Southern Africa North Africa & West Asia Central Asia South Asia

CRP on Drylands System: the integrated and participatory approach

Integrated agro-ecosystems approach to:

• natural resource management

• risk management & adaptation to climate change

• crop, livestock, tree and fish production systems

• enabling policy and institutional support

Demand driven, participatory and community-based approaches

Benchmark sites and pilot locations linked to other CRPs as platforms for up scaling

Research on effective partnership strategies for linking research with development.

CRP on Drylands System: Strategic Research Themes (SRTs) and their outputs

SRT1: Approaches and models for strengthening innovation systems, building stakeholder innovation capacity, and linking knowledge to policy action;

SRT2: Reducing vulnerability and managing risk through resilient production systems;

SRT3: Sustainable intensification for more productive, profitable and diversified dryland agriculture with well-established linkages to markets;

SRT4: Measuring impacts and cross-regional synthesis.

CRP on Dryland Systems: Action sites & benchmark areas

Circles/ovals indicate the 5 Target Regions.

4. The Inception Phase in 2012 and Program implementation

Target Regions(chosen through stakeholder meeting)

West African Sahel and dry savannas;

East and Southern Africa;

North Africa and West Asia;

Central Asia and the Caucasus; and

South Asia.

Inception Phase Activities 2012

Selection of Action and Satellite Sites

Groundwork to Characterize Benchmark Areas (two dryland system agro-ecologies) and Action Sites

Regional Inception Workshops

Interim Interdisciplinary Regional Team Reports

Interim Inter-disciplinary Regional Team Reports

Action site characterization for the two agro-ecologies of dryland systems;

Description of constraints and problems;

Hypotheses and major research questions;

Outputs, Outcomes, and activities;

Partners;

Impact Pathway and Logframe at regional level.

Regional Report for Western Africa & Dry Savannas

SRT2: the KKM (Kano-Katsina-Maradi) action transect

SRT3: the WBS (Wa-Bobo-Sikasso) action transect

Regional Report for East and Southern frica

SRT 2 SystemNortheastern Kenya to Southeastern Ethiopia

Comprising Borana, Somalia and part of Afar states in Ethiopia;

Marsabit, Garissa, Wajir, and Isiolo districts in Kenya.

Regional Team Report for South Asia

SRT2 and SRT 3: Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh

SRT2: Rajasthan in India and Pakistan and Afghanistan

Central Asia/Caucasus Site SRT 2 Systems

Regional Report for East and Southern Africa (cont’d)

SRT 3 SystemThe Chinyanja Triangle:

Comprising central and southern Malawi;

the Eastern Province of Zambia;

and the Tete Province of Mozambique.

North Africa and West Asia

SRT2: south Jordan, Syria, south Turkey, and west and north Iraq;

SRT3: High rainfall areas (>500 mm) of the northern parts of the Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.

Regional Team Report for South Asia

SRT2 and SRT 3: Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh

SRT2: Rajasthan in India and Pakistan and Afghanistan

Central Asia/Caucasus Site SRT 2 Systems

Action locations of the CRP on Dryland Systems

CRP1.1 Dryland Systems Action Sites

5. The outcome of the Launch Meeting of the CRP on Dryland Systems

Opening Session of the Launch Meeting of the CRP on

Dryland Systems

Development of a global Program based on the outcome of Regional Inception Workshops;

Development of global logframe;

Development of Intermediate Development Outcomes across regions;

Meeting of Steering Committee;

Meeting of Independent Science Advisory Committee.

Major Outputs of Launch Meeting

CRP on Drylands System:Intermediate Development Outcomes (IDOs)

1. More stable and higher per capita income for households (above an asset threshold) through sustainable intensification and diversification of production systems in higher potential dry areas;

2. More resilient livelihoods for vulnerable households in marginal lands;

3. Women and children in vulnerable households have year round access to greater quantity and diversity of food sources and better income ;

4. More sustainable and equitable management of land and water resources in pastoral and agro-pastoral systems;

CRP on Drylands System:Intermediate Development Outcomes (IDOs)

5. Impact through better functioning markets underpinning intensification and diversification of rural

livelihoods;

6. More integrated, effective and connected service delivery institutions underpinning system intensification in rural areas;

7. Policy reform removing constraints and providing incentives rural households to engage in more sustainable practices that intensify and improve resilience

5. Farmers and pastoralists (especially women) have better access to more diverse, efficient and equitable markets

6. More integrated, effective and connected service delivery institutions underpinning system intensification and resilience

7. Policy reform to remove constraints and improve incentives to rational management of natural resources

4. Multiple stakeholders in pastoral / agropastoral areas, use evidence based ecosystem management, at community level, in the governance of common and privately managed land and water resources

3. NARES and health sector organizations work together and adopt diagnostic and systematic research approaches to promoting and developing interventions to improve vulnerable women and children’s access to, and control of, more and more diverse food sources, throughout the year

1. NARES use tools, methods and processes to generate and customize improved resilience options for targeted groups of vulnerable households in marginal lands.

2. NARES use tools, methods and processes to generate and customize improved intensification options for targeted groups of households in relatively high potential areas.

Interrelations among IDOs

Governance and management

Team xCG Centers

ARIsNARS

Team 3CG Centers

ARIsNARS

Team 2CG Centers

ARIsNARS

Team 1CG Centers

ARIsNARS

Organization of Dryland Systems

Steering Committee

Research Management Committee

CoordinatorRegion 1

CoordinatorRegion 2

CoordinatorRegion 3

CoordinatorRegion x

Le

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hip

& E

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tion

Consortium Board

Lead Center: ICARDA

Research Management Committee: CRP Leader (chair), Regional and Learning Site Coordinators

Interdisciplinary Research Teams

Performance Contract

CRP Lead Center: ICARDA

Steering Committee: CGIAR Center DGs; CRP Leader, NARS leaders, ARI leaders, development partners

Regional Stakeholder

Advisory Committees

Independent Science Advisers

Governance

Participating Partner Agreements

Steering Committee (ICARDA + 3 CGIAR Centers + 3 NARSs + 2 ARIs + 3 Development Organizations + CRP Director)

Independent Science Advisory Committee (5 - 6 members)

Regional Management Committees

Regional Stakeholder Advisory Committees

Regional Science Advisory Committee

Global partners in the design, development and implementation of CRP on Dryland Systems

International centersICARDA Bioversity FAO ILRI WorldFish

ICRISAT CIAT ICBA IWMI

AVRDC CIP ICRAF SSA-CP

Global and Regional ForaAARINENA CACAARI FORAGRO

ASARECA CORAF/WECARD GFAR

APAARI FARA

National Research InstitutionsAfghanistan: MAIL Mali: INSAH/CILSS

Bangladesh: BARI Morocco: INRA

Brazil: EMBRAPA Niger: INRAN

Burkina Faso: INERA Nigeria: ARC

China: CAAS Pakistan: BARI, CSO, PARC, SSD

Egypt: ARC South Africa: CSIR, Univ. of Ft Hare, WRC

Ethiopia: EIAR, Arba Minch University Sudan: ARC

France: CIRAD Syria: GCSAR, Agha Khan Foundation

Ghana: ARI, CSIR Tajikistan: TAAS

India: ICAR, CRIDA, CAZRI, FES, NRAA, Watershed Organization Trust

Tunisia: IRA Turkmenistan: National Farmers’ Association, NAS

Iran: AREEO Turkey: AARI

Jordan: NCARE USA: USDA

Kazakhstan: South-Western Scientific Production Center of Agriculture

Uzbekistan: Kashkadarya Research Institute

Kenya: KARI Zambia: University of Zambia

THANK YOU