A&P 2 LAB REPORT

A&P 2 LAB REPORT

Name ______________________

Lab # 7

Lab Title ENZYMES AND METABOLISM

Date _______________

What Do I Need To Hand In For This Lab?

Check off what you have included in your lab in the list given below. The order of your lab report pages must be the same as the ordered list of exercises provided on the cover page. Your completed, merged file must be less than 10 MB. Lab reports will not be accepted if they are incomplete with any exercises omitted.

Sketches

□ Ultrastructure of the Mitochondria

Tables / Charts

□ Data Table 1 Oxygen Concentration□ Data Table 2 Experiment 1□ Data Table 3 Experiment 2□ Data Table 4 Blood Glucose□ Data Table 5 Hydrogen Breath Levels□ Enzyme Disorders Charts

Questions □ Mitochondria Structure (1-4)

□ Mitochondria Function (1-5)

□ Enzyme Lab Experiment #1 (1-4)

□ Enzyme Lab Experiment #2 (1-4)

□ Blood Glucose Levels (1-7)

□ Hydrogen Breath Test (1-3)

This page must be attached to the front of each lab report you hand in

User Name _______________

Access Code _____________ Assignment will not be assessed

without this information

SKETCH 1**Using the images in the lab and text book of an image of the mitochondria model, identify and label the following: Matrix, Cristae, Inner membrane, Outer membrane,

Outer compartment

OXYGEN CONCENTRATION DATA TABLE 1

Test Tube #1 #2 #3 #4 #5

Solution Pyruvate ADP Pyruvate

ADP Rotenone

Pyruvate ADP

Rotenone

Minute

0

2

4

6

8

10

DATA TABLE 2 EXPERIMENT #1MEASUREMENT TEMPERATURE PHOTONS mM PRODUCT

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

DATA TABLE 3 EXPERIMENT #2MEASUREMENT pH PHOTONS mM PRODUCT

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Use the conversion chart for photons to mM product

Use the conversion chart for photons to mM product

THIS PAGE IS FOR REFERENCE ONLY

DATA TABLE 4 BLOOD GLUCOSE (mg / dL)

Individual 0 minutes

(Base-Line) 15

minutes 30

minutes 45

minutes 60

minutes

Spencer Wells

117 128 146 160 152

Peter

Rachel

Katherine

Sarah

Arthur

DATA TABLE 5 HYDROGEN BREATH LEVELS (ppm)

Individual 0 minutes

(Base-Line) 30

minutes 60

minutes 90

minutes 120

minutes

Lisa

Dan

Cindy

Brian

PKUSummarize each of the following portions of the tutorial as you review the exercise. Provide at least 3 complete sentences in your answers

Causes

Diagnosis

Symptoms

Treatment Options

GALACTOSEMIASummarize each of the following portions of the tutorial as you review the exercise. Provide at least 3 complete sentences in your answers

Causes

Diagnosis

Symptoms

Treatment Options

GOUTSummarize each of the following portions of the tutorial as you review the exercise. Provide at least 3 sentences in your answers

Causes

Diagnosis

Symptoms

Treatment Options

Mitochondria Structure Questions 1) What is the “universal energy currency” of the cell?

2) Name the by-products that yeast cells produce during respiration

3) The first law of thermodynamics seems to conflict with what we know about ourselves. Forexample, after strenuous exercise, we run out of “energy.” We must eat to replenish ourenergy stores. Where has that energy gone? What form has it taken?

4) How do mitochondria make respiration a more “efficient” process for cells?

Mitochondria Function Questions 1) Why do you think there was no change in the O2 concentration when the Pyruvate only

solution was added?

2) Why do you think there was no change in the O2 concentration when the ADP only solution

was added?

3) Why do you think there was a change in the O2 concentration when the Pyruvate and ADP

together solution was added?

4) Why do you think there was no change in the O2 concentration when the Rotenone only

solution was added?

5) Why do you think there was no change in the O2 concentration when the Pyruvate, ADP

and Rotenone together solution was added?

Questions Virtual Enzyme Lab Experiment #1 1) What is the optimum temperature for invertase activity?

2) Explain why temperatures lower or higher than the optimum cause decreases in invertaseactivity?

3) Do you think that if a different substrate like glucose was used instead of sucrose, theresults would be different? Why or why not?

4) Do you think that if a different enzyme like peptase was used instead of invertase, theresults would be different? Why of why not?

Questions Virtual Enzyme Lab Experiment #2 1) What is the optimum pH for invertase activity?

2) Explain why pH lower or higher than the optimum cause decreases in invertase activity.

3) Do you think that if a different substrate like glucose was used instead of sucrose, theresults would be different? Why or why not?

4) Do you think that if a different enzyme like peptase was used instead of invertase, theresults would be different? Why of why not?

BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS QUESTIONS

1. Why is measuring blood glucose levels an indicator of someone’s lactase activity?

2. Divide these individuals into two groups (A and B), based on their blood glucose test results.Write the names of the individuals in each group, including Dr. Spencer Wells.Group A:

Group B:

3. Explain your rationale for dividing the individuals into these two groups using data to supportyour answer.

4. Based on these data, do you predict that individuals in Group A are lactase persistent ornon-persistent? Describe the evidence that supports this claim.

5. Based on these data, do you predict that individuals in Group B are lactase persistent ornon-persistent? Describe the evidence that supports this claim.

6. If you performed the same blood glucose test on a group of people who are from the Maasaipopulation in Kenya, predict whether their results would be more like those of Group A orGroup B. Explain your prediction. (Hint: Remember from the film that the Maasai people arepastoralists.)

7. A person taking a blood glucose test is usually told to fast prior to the test. Why do you thinkthat might be necessary?

HYDROGEN BREATH TEST QUESTIONS

1. Which individuals appear to be lactase persistent? Use data to support your answer.

2. Which individuals appear to be lactase non-persistent? Use data to support your answer.

3. Can you think of another type of test you might do to determine a person’s lactase status?Describe in one to two sentences.