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The Lao Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, No. 3
Study of Natural Enemies (NE) and Host Plants ofAsian Rice Gall Midge (RGM), (Wood-Mason) in
Rainfed Lowland Rice Environment in the Lao PDR
S. Inthavong 1
Abstract
The Asian rice gall midge (RGM) is the major dipteran pest of rice in countries ofSouth and Southeast Asia. It has been observed in the rainfed lowland riec, but not inthe irrigate rice environment of the Lao PDR. The study of natural enemies (NE)and host Plants of RGM was carried out in the rainfed lowland rice environment ofSavannakhet Provice, Lao PDR (wet season 1999 and dry season 1999-2000).
Species of hymenopterous parasitoids were found to be important naturalenemies (NE) of RGM: Platygaster oryzae (Cameron), Platygasteridae; Platygasterforesteri (Gahan), Platygateridae and Neanastatus grallarius (Masi), Eupelmidae.There was one predator, Ophionia indica (Thurberg), Carabidae. P.oryzae was themost abundant and most effective parasitoid in all places throughout therice-growing season. The NE appeared in the field later than RGM, with a peak ofpopulation being observed between the end of September and middle of October. Bycontrast, at this time the RGM had already begun to decline. However, therelationship between the RGM infestation and percentage of parasitism was highlycorrelated (R2=0.76), Which indicates that the relationship was positively densitydependent.
Three species of the family Graminacea (Oryzae rufipogon, Paspalumdistichum and Leersia hexandra) are believed to be the most important host plants ofRGM. Gall midge preferred the O.rufipogon to other host plants during the dry season.The highest level of RGM population was seen between the end of February andMarch and the lowest was observed between the middle of December and January.
The appication of insecticides is not necessary for RGM control when thedamage has not reached the economical threshold level. During the dry season,areas cleared of host plants are needed to minimize RGM population. Thus,conservation of NE is an important consideration in promoting biological agents tomanager RGM in order to keep a balance in the natural environment of the Lao PDR.
1 Agriculture and Extension Service, Agriculture and Forestry Office, Savannakhet Province
The Lao Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, No. 3
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The Lao Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, No. 3
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Philip Gibson and Dr. Wes Ward ËêñÆñ×ÇÀ×ÈãÀò ãÖß Î èÍÎ îÃÍ íÈåØ òÅ íÓÍ ïÌ.ÀàÌÅëÀÅà¿ÌÂò×àÈòàÌÀàÌÎòÜÃÀèÌÑìÈ´Ã̸ãÓñÌæÈòÝ èÍËëÌÝÜÌ ãÖßÅßÙèÍÅßÙïÌÄàÀÖèÈÊßÍàÌÎßâËÈ Åß×éÈÅ (SDC)
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