Aadhaar Overview & Emerging Opportunities 1
Aug 06, 2015
Contents
1. Project Overview
2. Services for External Organizations
3. Opportunities – Current & Future
2
Context of Aadhaar in India
• Need for a robust, reusable ID, especially to those who do not have any ID proof
• Clean up existing databases through uniqueness
• Reduce cost of delivery of services
4
ID Projects have usually been created for security / immigration objectives. However,
Aadhaar is a developmental initiative.
Aadhaar – The Foundation
5
RSBY insurance
Ba
nk A
/C
Issue rations
NREGA jobs
Verifying ID is a common challenge
6
NREGA jobs
ID Document == ID
Multiple service providers same resident
Establishing ID – Poor Man’s Problem Birth Record Address Proof Money to beat the
system Poverty Premium
X
XX
X
X
RSBY insurance
Cook
ing
gas
ID is the only focus of Aadhaar
7
Issue rations
NREGA jobs
Aadhaar is just an instrument
Guarantee to identity
No guarantee to rights
No guarantee to entitlements
Features of AadhaarOnly Numbers – No Cards
Random Numbers – No Intelligence
Standard Attributes – No Profiling
All Residents – Including Children
No Guarantees to Rights, Citizenship, Entitlements, etc
Uniqueness – Ensured through biometric attributes
De-novo creation of Resident Database
Ubiquitous Online Authentication – anytime anywhere
8
Name
Address
Gender
Date of birth1 person1 number
4 demographics* + 3 biometrics = 1 unique Aadhaar number
Photo
Bothiris
10 finger-prints
9* The resident’ mobile number and Email ID is optional information
Over-arching Goals & Design Choices
Inclusion Scalability Cost Speed
Open Source Platform Standards Inter-operable
11
Aadhaar is an electronic Identity
Unique Online Authenticable Portable Pan-India Designed as a service delivery platform
12
Efforts towards Inclusion
1. Transgender is a recognized Gender
2. Aadhaar for children, biometric collected after age 5
3. Date of Birth can be Approximate, Declared or Verified
4. Special provision to accommodate a person with biometric exceptions
5. Facility for “Introducer” based enrolment
6. Facility for “Head of Family” to introduce their family
13 13
Aadhaar - a life long Identity system
One number for a person, for life Number once issued, will not be re-used
Facility to update both demographic & biometric information Via web portal, post, permanent centres
14 14
Aadhaar ServicesAuthentication / Verification
1:1 matching of resident’s current data with that existing in UIDAI database
Demographic Authentication Name, Address, Gender, DoB
Biometric Authentication Finger / Iris
Electronic Authentication One-Time Password (OTP)
electronic Know Your Customer (eKYC) Online facility to transfer resident’s
information from UIDAI to an external organization, with resident’s explicit consent for such sharing
eKYC sharing to include: Name Address Gender DoB Photo Mobile and email
15
NAME, GENDER, DoB . . .
YES or
NO
Aadhaar Authentication at a Glance
and/or
and/or
Biometric
Demogrpahic
OTP
Electronic
16 16
1111 2222 3333
eKYC Service
Resident’s data flows directly to the
organization servers with audit trail
17
Aadhaar eKYC at a Glance
Resident with Aadhaar No.
Partner Organizations with eKYC Authentication Device
Enabling Service DeliveryBenefits for Government and Residents
Improves efficiency of public
expenditure Easy accessibility of services by residents
19 19
Aadhaar Platform for Banking
• Open bank accounts using Aadhaar• Connect existing bank accounts
AccessAadhaar-enabled Bank
Account (AEBA)
• Transfer funds to Aadhaar-enabled accounts• Simplifies disbursal of funds – uses only one
account for all disbursals
AddressAadhaar Payments Bridge
(APB)
• Withdrawal and deposit• Check balance, peer-to-peer transfer• Inter-operable, portable, anytime, anywhere
TransactionsAadhaar-enabled Payment
System (AEPS)
20
Housing schemes
8 IAY
Streamline delivery of food
subsidy
7
Aided by ASHA worker
2School
payments
3
Merit Scholarship
Schemes
4
Life and health Insurance
5
Wages / Salary
6
Pension payments
9
PregnancyCare
1
AADHAAR-enabled bank
account
Aadhaar in Financial Inclusion
21
Across a Conglomerate Corporate Group
23
Attendance / Presence Verification
Green/brown field projects deploy a large workforce of temporary manpower across sub-contractors
Impersonation of temporary workforce across sub-contractors is a common challenge
Deploying Aadhaar authentication attendance system can remove challenges of impersonation
Common Loyalty Program
Group’s having several companies involved in retail sales across the country
A common customer loyalty program across the group can be created by integrating customers’ Aadhaar number as a common identifier
A common loyalty program across the group can provide invaluable opportunities on consumer needs, demands and behaviour
Innovation Opportunities
24
Biometric Lock System
Biometric locks & door handles are being manufactured
The existing system requires creating the original database against which bio-auth can be done, making it expensive, difficult and inefficient for mass use
Bio-locks, integrating the Aadhaar Auth systems, can open the market for such products in hotels, common high-end households., and areas where restricted access is required
Aadhaar-Verified Surveys
Existing online surveys/polls are marred by their inability to know and control the participating audience
Owing to the above limitation, online surveys/polls are done largely on popular topics that affect a larger geographic area
Integrating Aadhaar’s eKYC service in an online poll, can make it possible to restrict the participating audience (based on their geographic location, gender and age group)
This increases the relevance of survey findings
Opens opportunity for conducting polls on more specific topics for specific target audience
Software Opportunities
25
Residents’ Health Record Register
Ability to uniquely identify a resident with his Aadhaar number opens opportunities to create a national infrastructure (database) of residents’ health, education & skills
While it is likely that the ownership of such registries may lie with the central government, it will create opportunity for large software companies to build & maintain these registries
Smaller opportunities to build and deploy systems for collecting & sharing information from various touch points (Eg. schools, hospitals) will also be created
Access to anonymised data from these registries will create opportunities for big data consulting, research, disease management, etc
Residents’ Skill & Education Register