A TECHNICAL SEMINAR REPORT

A TECHNICAL SEMINAR REPORT

ON

WhatsApp

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement

For the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology

in

Computer Science & Engineering

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WhatsApp

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................................6

Introduction...............................................................................................................................7

The Master Mind.......................................................................................................................9

How it Work? ..........................................................................................................................11

Downloading and Installing.....................................................................................................12

Protocol Used…………………………………………………...............................................14

XMPP...........................................................................................................................14

Characteristics..................................................................................................14

Architecture......................................................................................................15

XML.................................................................................................................16

Secure Communication....................................................................................16

Instant Messaging..............................................................................................16

MD5..............................................................................................................................17

WhatsApp vs. ChatON vs. LINE………………………………………..................................18

Features.....................................................................................................................................19

Future Scope..............................................................................................................................20

CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................22

BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................................23

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ABSTRACT

WhatsApp Messenger is a proprietary, cross-platform instant messaging application for

smartphones. Moreover, to basic messaging WhatsApp Messenger users can send each other

images, video as well as audio media messages. The client software is available for

Google Android, BlackBerry OS, Apple iOS, selected Nokia Series 40, Symbian, selectedNokia

Asha platform, Microsoft Windows Phone and BlackBerry 10. WhatsApp Inc. was founded in

2009 by Americans Brian Actonand Jan Koum (also the CEO), both former employees

of Yahoo!, and is based in Mountain View, California. The company employs 55 people.

WhatsApp Android is not compatible with only Android ; it is available for iOS, BlackBerry

OS, Symbian and Windows Phone only. WhatsApp synchronizes with the phone‟s contact‟s

book, so users do not need to add contacts in a separate book. As the underlying technology the

application uses the open standard XMPP.

On February 19, 2014, Facebook Inc. announced it is acquiring WhatsApp Inc. for US$19

billion. Facebook will pay $4 billion in cash, $12 billion in Facebook shares and $3 billion in

restricted stock units to be granted to WhatsApp founders and employees that will vest over four

years.

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INTRODUCTION

WhatsApp Messenger is a proprietary, cross-platform instant messaging application for smart

phones. In addition to text messaging, users can send each other images, video and audio media

messages.

The client software is available for iOS, BlackBerry OS, Android, Symbian, Series

40, and Windows Phone.

Competing with a number of Asia-based messaging services WhatsApp handles two billion

messages per day as of April 2012, growing from one billion in October 2011.

According to the Financial Times, WhatsApp "has done to SMS on mobile phones what

Skype did to international calling on landlines."

Software Specification:

• Developer(s) : WhatsApp Inc.

• Stable release: Android

2.8.1504 (July 30, 2012)

BlackBerry OS

2.8.1914 (August 12, 2012)

iOS

2.8.2 (July 13, 2012)

Symbian

2.8.13 (August 16, 2012)

Windows Phone

2.8.2.0 (September 10, 2012)

• Development status : Active

• O.S : Android, BlackBerry OS, iOS, Symbian, Series 40, and Windows Phone

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• Type : Instant Messaging

• License: Proprietary

• Website : whatsapp.com

Achievements:

• WhatsApp crossed its own milestone for the first time by sending just over 1 billion

messages in a single day.

• Just how much is 1 billion messages? That is 41,666,667 messages an hour, 694,444

messages a minute, and 11,574 messages a second.

• 1 billion messages a day is a significant milestone

• WhatsApp is editors choice in google app market.

Silent features of WhatsApp For Android:

• Multiplatform and free for the first year (except on iOS).

• Automatic detection of Whatsapp users by comparing address book contents

• Low on network usage.

• Unlimited length of messages.

• Personal display status.

• Real-time confirmations when messages are sent as well as delivered.

• Share photos, videos, music and more with people.

• Able to send current or any specific location.

• Create and join groups where you can chat as well as share media.

• You can apply group icons.

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THE MASTERMIND

WhatsApp was founded by two guys “Jom Koum” and “Brian Acton” who spent combined 20

years doing geeky stuff at Yahoo! Inc. before starting WhatsApp Inc.

Jan Koum (born in Kiev, Ukraine on February 24, 1976) is CEO and co-founder with Brian

Acton of WhatsApp, a mobile messaging application which was acquired by Facebook Inc. in

February 2014 for US$19 Billion. Koum is Jewish and grew up in Fastiv,

outside Kiev in Ukraine. He moved with his mother and grandmother to Mountain View,

California in 1992, where a social support program helped the family to get a small two-bedroom

apartment, at the age of 16. His father had intended to join the family later, but finally remained

in Ukraine. At first Koum's mother worked as a babysitter, while he himself worked as

a cleaner at a grocery. By the age of 18 he became interested in programming. He enrolled at San

Jose State University and simultaneously worked at Ernst & Young as a security tester.

In 1997, Jan Koum was hired by Yahoo as an infrastructure engineer, shortly after he met Brian

Acton while working at Ernst & Young as a security tester. Over the next nine years, they

worked at Yahoo. In September 2007 Koum and Acton left Yahoo and took a year off, traveling

around South America and playing ultimate frisbee. Both applied, and failed, to work

at Facebook. In January 2009, he bought an iPhone and realized that the then-seven-month-old

App Store was about to spawn a whole new industry of apps. He visited his friend Alex Fishman

and the two talked for hours about Koum‟s idea for an app over tea at Fishman‟s kitchen

counter. Koum almost immediately chose the name WhatsApp because it sounded like “what‟s

up,” and a week later on his birthday, Feb. 24, 2009, he incorporated WhatsApp Inc. in

California.

Jan Koum was part of a group of hackers called w00w00, where he met the future founders of

Napster Shawn Fanning and Jordan Ritter.

Brian Acton (born 1972) is an American computer programmer and Internet entrepreneur. He

is the co-founder of WhatsApp, a mobile messaging application which was acquired

by Facebook Inc. in February 2014 for US$19 billion. He was formerly employed at Yahoo Inc.

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Acton grew up in Michigan and graduated from Stanford University in 1994 with a degree in

computer science. He earlier studied at the University of Central Florida and the University of

Pennsylvania. In 1992 he became a systems administrator for Rockwell International, then a

product tester at Apple Inc. and Adobe Systems. In 1996 he became the 44th employee hired

by Yahoo Inc.

In 2014, Koum and Acton agreed to sell WhatsApp to Facebook for approximately $19 billion

USD in cash and stock. Forbes estimates that Acton held over 20% stake in the company,

making his net worth around $3.8 billion. According to Acton's personal Twitter feed, he was

turned down for employment by both Twitter and Facebook in 2009.

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HOW IT WORKS

• WhatsApp Messenger is a cross-platform mobile messaging app which allows you to

exchange messages without having to pay for SMS.

• WhatsApp Messenger uses the same internet data plan that you use for email and web

browsing, there is no cost to message and stay in touch with your friends.

• WhatsApp users can create groups, send each other unlimited images, video and audio

messages.

Technical specifics

• WhatsApp uses a customized version of the open standard Extensible Messaging and

Presence Protocol (XMPP).

• Developed for Third Generation IC Integrated smartphones

• The Greater bandwidth networks such as 3G or WiFi

• ID creation : During installation,take userid as Eg. [phone number]@s.whatsapp.net).

• Password Creation :

In Android: reversed-version of the phone's IMEI,MD5 hashed.

In iOS: double MAC address, MD5 hashes it.

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DOWNLOADING AND INSTALLING

One can simply download whatsapp by visiting http://www.whatsapp.com/download/

To verify whatsapp using your own mobile number

First you need to have Application installed in your mobile and needs to have minimum balance.

Follow the steps:

1. Install the application.

2. Launch the application.

3. Enter your mobile number and tap on “OK” button.

4. Verification process will be completed in 10-15 secs of 10 minutes total time.

5. Your mobile will get register with your own SIM(mobile) number.

Suppose if the application was uninstalled, you can again install and register with the previous

number.

The process will be same as the above.

To verify whatsapp by entering a invalid mobile number

Whatsapp not only test the mobile IMEI numbers but also test the valid or wrong numbers.

suppose if you have entered a invalid/wrong number.

For to test this,you need to have a mobile with SIM inserted and whatsapp installed and with

minimum balance.

Then the procedure will be as follows:

1. Launch the application.

2. Enter any number other than your mobile number and tap on "OK" button.

3. Verification process continues and after 10 minutes of total time.

4. Your mobile gets "connection failed,reverify" popup.

This will happen because whatsapp will work for one number and one device.

If any one try to register with a invalid/wrong number,a highly secured procedure is

implemented.

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To verify whatapp by interchanging the SIM cards

Here we are going to see how whatsapp works when two registered mobile numbers(SIMS) are

interchanged.

For this you need to have two mobiles registered with their own mobile numbers.

Now to verify the above scenario,follow the procedure:

But you need to connect to a WiFi/mobile data.

1. Switch OFF both the mobiles A & B.

2. Remove both the registered SIM cards from mobile A and B.

3. Insert the SIM card of mobile B in mobile A.

4. Insert the SIM card of mobile A in mobile B.

5. Turn ON mobile A.

6. Turn ON mobile B.

7. Send a message from any other mobile to mobile A removed SIM number.

8. Message will come to mobile A only, even though it is using mobile B SIM.

By this it is observed that whatsapp will work even though the SIM card is changed/removed.

But this scenario will work untill we change the number in "change number" option in settings or

if we uninstall and reinstall the application.

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PROTOCOL USED

WhatsApp uses a customized version of the open standard Extensible Messaging and Presence

Protocol (XMPP) Upon installation, it creates a user account using one's phone number as the

username (Jabber ID: [phone number]@s.whatsapp.net). WhatsApp software automatically

compares all the phone numbers from the device's address book with its central database of

WhatsApp users to automatically add contacts to the user's WhatsApp contact list. Previously the

Android and S40 versions used an MD5-hashed, reversed-version of the phone's IMEI as

password,[15]

while the iOS version used the phone's Wi-Fi MAC address instead of IMEI. A

2012 update now generates a random password on the server side.

XMPP:

Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is a communications

protocol for message-oriented middleware based on XML(Extensible Markup Language).[1] The

protocol was originally named Jabber,[2] and was developed by the Jabber open-source

community in 1999 for near real-time, instant messaging (IM), presence information, and contact

list maintenance. Designed to beextensible, the protocol has also been used for publish-

subscribe systems, signalling for VoIP, video, file transfer, gaming, Internet of

Things applications such as the smart grid, and social networking services.

Unlike most instant messaging protocols, XMPP is defined in an open standard and uses an open

systems approach of development and application, by which anyone may implement an XMPP

service and interoperate with other organizations' implementations. Because XMPP is an open

protocol, implementations can be developed using any software license; although many server,

client, and library implementations are distributed as free and open-source software,

numerous freeware and commercial software implementations also exist.

Characteristics:

Open: It's free. There are multiple implementations for open source XMPP servers, as

many customers and development libraries.

Free: you can see how it works, and the user has the freedom to implement himself the

freedom to suit their needs, without needing anyone's approval.

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Extensible: using the potential of XML, anyone can extend the XMPP protocol for

custom functionality.

Decentralized: anyone can start their own XMPP server.

Insurance: Safety Supports the transport layer and any XMPP server can be isolated

from the public XMPP. \

Architecture:

Generally, XMPP is implemented and used as a client-server distributed architecture.

Figure: decentralized client-sever architecture

When we send an XMPP message to a contact, the XMPP client connects to our XMPP server,

and it connects directly to our contact XMPP server, without performing multiple jumps.

Figure: XMPP architecture

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XML:

XMPP is essentially a technology for transmitting XML. Once the connection is established,we

can exchange messages asynchronously with the server.

Types of XML tags to transmit diffrent type of messages:

Stream: Container unit is a sequence of messages XMPP.

Message: Used to send messages between users.

Presence: To report the presence of the user. This includes when they

connect,disconnect,change state or name.

Iq: It is used for the transmission of internal commands. A new connection, report bugs

& things that have nothing to do with users.

XEP: are the set of applications that extends the diffrent lables that supports the protocol.

Secure Communication:

The XMPP communications between clients and servers are safely implemented mainly through

two mechanisms: The TLS protocol applied to the transport layer protocol and SASL layer

applied to the Simple Authentication and Security.

The TLS protocol is a protocol for establishing a secure connection between a client and a server

or between two servers. TLS is able to authenticate on both sides of the communication, and

creates an encrypted connection between the two.

If the talks were not encrypted attack would be easy and could make it easily intercepted

conversations.

Such attacks are very simple,with a network analysis tools & protocols such as Wireshark &

specific application called Whatsapp Xtract.

XMPP SASL provides a generalized method for authentication.

Instant Messaging:

The messages are the most important part of any instant messenger system.

XMPP is a message oriented protocol, which can be of six different :

Normal: they would like messages to the email.

Chat: person who posts messages would be used in a conversation between two people.

Group chat: messages sent to a group of people.

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Headline: that would be the marquee messages.

Error: for error messages.

Jabber:x:oob: for direct connections between clients for sending messages.

MD5:

The MD5 message-digest algorithm is a widely used cryptographic hash function producing a

128-bit (16-byte) hash value, typically expressed in text format as a 32

digit hexadecimal number. MD5 has been utilized in a wide variety of cryptographic

applications, and is also commonly used to verify data integrity.

MD5 was designed by Ron Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function, MD4. The source

code in RFC 1321 contains a "by attribution" RSA license.

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WhatsApp vs. ChatON vs. LINE

WhatsApp ChatON LINE

VoIP NO Yes Yes

Tablet NO Yes Yes

Client Web NO Yes Yes

Free NO Yes Yes

Multiplataform Yes Yes Yes

Consume batt. Normal Quite Much

Users 100 Millions 2 Millions 89 Millions

Int. User Very good Good Regular

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FEATURES OF WHATSAPP

Sending Places:

allowed you to send your location to your chat partner or to your group chat.

It is useful if you want to share your approximate location on a map.

Group Icon:

personalize your group chat by attaching a custom icon to your group

Group chat:

You can exit a group chat that you are in at any time

You can control group chat alerts and notifications separately from individual messages.

Media transfer:

audio , video, pictures , animation etc.

if you have an iPhone 3GS running iPhone OS 3.1 or higher, you can also send a

video,but both parties need to be running version 2.3 in order to send and receive media

messages.

Message delivery receipts:

In 2.3 you probably have noticed by now that you see a red letter attached to every

message you send. Those red letters are actually quite important because they tell you if

your message was delivered properly or not.

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FUTURE SCOPE

What lies ahead is known by none. The application is free today but may not be tomorrow or so the talks

go around.

As far as the facilities provided are concerned, WhatsApp today does not provide the option of „Calling‟

(although its logo has a phone receiver inscribed in the centre!). It may have this in future. With the

technology growing in leaps and bounds, we may also expect a Skype-like free video call via WhatsApp.

What has been a user-friendly, connectivity application till date may take a turn towards shared-

information holding platform like Drop box, meaning people may not only be able to chat on WhatsApp

but also share and store common data.

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With the advent of „Cloud Computing‟, the world has virtually shrunk down to the size of a room. It may

not come as a surprise hence, to see such a large network-sharing support on WhatsApp someday.

Whether the mole will actually become a mountain someday is a mystery. Till then, we enjoy the present

and await the surprises of future.

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CONCLUSION

• Application testing requires a detailed overview of the System requirements and

Functional requirements.

• Testing application and making it to sustain in harsh environment makes the application

more flexible and quality wise very rich.

• Based on products review upgradation is done this makes application to stay alive and

popular in market.

• Various robust testing makes the application capable to satisfy every requirements and

needs of the customer.

• WhatsApp on the other hand has been around for quite some time now and is being used

by most and offers functionality like text based messaging and files transfers. But given

enough time Line is a capable product and in the future it hold the potential to overtake

WhatsApp, unless some new innovations is adopted by the world leader in messengers.

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BIBLOGRAPHY

We visited following websites:

http://www.whatsapp.com/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/WhatsApp

http://www.xmpp.org

http://www.apple.com/

http://www.whatsapp.com/android/

http://www.wikiswot.com/SWOT/4_/Whatsapp.html

http://nivedithg.blogspot.in/2012/10/wechat-mobile-app-review.html

http://www.wikiwealth.com/five-forces:whatsapp