USC INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE 1 Approach Introduct ion Motivat ion Evaluati on Conclusi on A Task-Centered Framework for Computationally Grounded Science Collaborations 1 Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California 2 Department of Software Engineering for Business Information Systems, Technical University of Munich 3 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Penn State University 4 Center for Limnology at the University of Wisconsin Madison Yolanda Gil 1 , Felix Michel 12 , Varun Ratnakar 1 , Matheus Hauder 2 , Christopher Duffy 3 , Hilary Dugan 4 , and Paul Hanson 4 11th IEEE International Conference on eScience Organic Data Science http://www.organicdatascience.org/
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A Task-Centered Framework för Computationally Grounded Science Collaborations
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A Task-Centered Framework for Computationally Grounded Science Collaborations
1Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California 2Department of Software Engineering for Business Information Systems, Technical University of Munich3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Penn State University4Center for Limnology at the University of Wisconsin Madison
Yolanda Gil1, Felix Michel12, Varun Ratnakar1, Matheus Hauder2, Christopher Duffy3, Hilary Dugan4, and Paul Hanson4
11th IEEE International Conference on eScience
Organic Data Sciencehttp://www.organicdatascience.org/
Evolution of the scientific enterprise from [Barabasi, 2005] extended with the ATLAS Detector Project at the Large Hadron Collider [The ATLAS Collaboration, 2012].
Motivation
single-authorship co-authorship large number ofco-authors
Selected social principles from [Kraut and Resnick 2012] for building successful online communities that can be applied to Organic Data Science.
A1: Carve a niche of interest, scoped in terms of topics, members, activities, and purpose A2: Relate to competing sites, integrate content A3: Organize content, people, and activities into subspaces once there is enough activity A4: Highlight more active tasks A5: Inactive tasks should have “expected active times” A6: Create mechanisms to match people to activities
B1: Make it easy to see and track needed contributions B2: Ask specific people on tasks of interest to them B3: Simple tasks with challenging goals are easier to comply with B4: Specify deadlines for tasks, while leaving people in control B5: Give frequent feedback specific to the goals …B10 …
C1: Cluster members to help them identify with the community C2: Give subgroups a name and a tagline C3: Put subgroups in the context of a larger group C4: Make community goals and purpose explicit C5: Interdependent tasks increase commitment and reduce conflict
DD1: Members recruiting colleagues is most effective D2: Appoint people responsible for immediate friendly interactions D3: Introducing newcomers to members increases interactions D4: Entry barriers for newcomers help screen for commitment D5: When small, acknowledge each new member …D12 …
B
A C
Approach
Starting communities
Encouraging contributions through motivation
Encouraging commitment
Attracting and Engaging Newcomers
USC INFORMATION SCIENCES INSTITUTE 11
ApproachIntroductionMotivation Evaluation ConclusionBest Practices from Polymath and Encode
Selected best practices from the Polymath [Nielsen 2012] project and lessons learned from ENCODE [Encode 2004].
E1: Permanent URLs for posts and comments, so others can refer to themE2: Appoint a volunteer to summarize periodicallyE3: Appoint a volunteer to answer questions from newcomersE4: Low barrier of entry: make it VERY easy to commentE5: Advance notice of tasks that are anticipatedE6: Keep few tasks active at any given time, helps focus
F1: Spine of leadership, including a few leading scientists and 1-2 operational project managers, that resolves complex scientific and social problems and has transparent decision makingF2: Written and publicly accessible rules to transfer work between groups, to assign credit when papers are published, to present the workF3: Quality inspection with visibility into intermediate stepsF4: Export of data and results, integration with existing standards
Ongoing CommunitiesAge of Water is community of hydrologists and limnologists that are studying the age of water in an ecosystem.
ENIGMA a consortium for neuroimaging genetics, it includes more than 70 institutions that collaborate to do joint neuroscience studies.
GPF a group of geoscientists publishing a special issue of a journal. All articles include datasets, software, and workflows used to generate the results in the paper
ODST assigns all new users a set of pre-defined tasks that involves learning aspects of the framework.
ODSF coordinates the development and improvement of the Organic Data Science Framework.
The Organic Data Science Framework supports collaborations that are distributed research activities with unanticipated participants joining over time: meta-workflow design layer: scientists working
together to agree on a problem to solve and a strategy to solve it.
based on social design principles preliminary data on use in different communities
Future work: Evaluation to assess how the framework supports scientific collaboration and whether it increases productivity and community growth.