A Systems Biology Approach to Natural Products Research A Systems Biology Approach to Natural Products Research P l a n t B i o t e c h n o l o g y 2 0 th A p r i l 2 0 1 5 Ritesh Bhagea, Rouksaar Buctowar, Christabelle Cécile, Keshavi Ghoorbin, Huda Nazeer
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A Systems Biology Approach to Natural Products Research
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ASystems Biology
Approach toNatural Products
Research
ASystems Biology
Approach toNatural Products
Research
P l a n t B i o t e c h n o l o g y 2 0 th A p r i l 2 0 1 5
2. Proteomics in Systems Biology● Detection of known nonribosomal peptide synthetases /polyketide
synthases systems in members of the genera Bacillus and Streptomyces which are known to synthesize natural products with antibiotic, anticancer and antifungal properties (Bumpus et al., 2009)
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3. Metabolomics in Systems Biology
● Metabolomics is the study of
global metabolite profiles in a
system (cell, tissue or organism)
under a given set of condition.
● Integration of genomics,
proteomics, transcriptomics and
metabolomics is a goal of systems
biology.
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Techniques used in metabolomics
MS
NMRGC
MicroarrayOptical spectroscopy
Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy
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Main applications of metabolomics
● Drug assessment
● Clinical toxicology
● Nutrigenomics
● Functional genomics
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Application of metabolomics
Metabolomics for natural products research
● The use of metabolomic approach, with appropriate statistical analysis,
allows rapid analysis of these complex data.
○ E.g., NMR clustering techniques have also been used to cluster the
spectra of crude plant extracts to determine the biochemical
mechanism of action for herbicides (Rochfort, 2005).
■ In this study, 27 herbicidal compounds with 19 different MOAs
were applied to plants for 24h before an aqueous extract of the
plant was taken.
■ Artificial neural network analysis was employed to analyse the
NMR spectroscopic data of these extracts.
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Application of metabolomics■ Treated samples were easily
distinguished from untreated
samples and with the use of
an appropriate training set,
many different MOAs were
distinguished for the
commercially available
compounds tested.
■ This approach has been recently
demonstrated for a herbal medicine.
● A medicinal herb extract
(Anoectochilus formosanus: a popular
folk medicine with anticancer activity)
was compared to a single compound
drug in MCF-17 cells by metabolomic
and transcriptomic analysis, and a
similar level of gene expression
regulation was observed in both,
suggesting a similar MOA.
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Conclusion
For phytochemist and pharmacognosist, metabolomics and systems biology
are great opportunities as they have all the knowledge for analysis of natural
products.
These approaches could be associated with chemometrics and bioinformatics
to make a major contribution in the research of medicinal plants.
“To waste, to destroy, our natural resources, to skin and exhaust the land;
instead of using it so as to increase its usefulness, will result in undermining in
the days of our children, the very prosperity we ought by right to hand down
to them amplified and developed.”
-Theodore Roosevelt
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