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Stock Market Index Chinese Stock Market Crash: The Wounded Dragon
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A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Dec 13, 2015

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Page 1: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Stock Market Index

Chinese Stock Market Crash:The Wounded Dragon

Page 2: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers to describe the market, and to compare the return on specific investments.

STOCK MARKET INDEX

Page 3: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Construction of Stock Market Indices

Page 4: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Factors affecting Construction of Stock Market Index

•Sample Size•Base Year•Weighting criteria•Uniformity•Economical•Time

Page 5: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Price-weighted Index

• This kind of index tracks changes based on the change in the individual stock’s price per share.

Page 6: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Market-value weighted index

• This kind of index tracks the proportion of a stock based on its market capitalization (or market value, also called market cap).

Page 7: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Composite Index

• This is an index or average that is a combination of several averages or indexes. An example is the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Composite, which tracks all the stocks on the NYSE. 

Page 8: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Equally Weighted Index

•An equally weighted index weights each stock equally regardless of its market capitalization or economic size 

 

Page 9: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

SSE Composite IndexStock Market Index of all stocks (A shares and B shares) that are traded at the Shanghai Stock Exchange.

A shares – These are Shares of the Renminbi currency that are purchased and traded on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges.

B shares – These are owned by foreigners who cannot purchase A-shares due to Chinese government restrictions.

Page 10: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Weighting and Calculation

SSE Indices are all calculated using Paasche’s weighted composite price index formula. This means that the index is based on a base period on a specific base day for its calculation. The base day for SSE Composite Index is December 19, 1990, and the base period is the total market capitalization of all stocks of that day. The Base Value is 100. The index was launched on July 15, 1991.

Page 11: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Formula

Total market capitalization = ∑ (price × shares issued)

Current total market cap of constituents Current index = ────────────────────────────── × Base Value Base Period

Page 12: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Index Maintenance Maintenance formula

The “Divisor Adjustment Methodology” is used to adjust all SSE Indices. When constituents are added or removed, the share structure changes or constituents' market value changes due to non-trading factors, the divisor is adjusted to keep the index comparable overtime. The formula is : 

Adjusted Market Cap before Adjustment Adjusted Market Cap after Adjustment ──────────────────── = ──────────────────── Old Divisor New Divisor

Market Cap after Adjustment = Market cap before adjustment + Market cap increased or decreased ; The new divisor (also called new base period) derived from this formula is used for later index calculation. 

Page 13: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.
Page 14: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

The SZSE Component Index

The SZSE Component Index  is an index of 40 stocks that are traded at the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.

Page 15: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

CriteriaFor the index admission a company  must meet certain requirements. These include:• a listing of at least three months at the Shanghai or Shenzhen stock exchanges (requirement is waived if daily trading volume is among the top 30 of all A-shares since its listing)

• no signs of great volatility in the price history or suspicion of price manipulation

• Belonging to the TOP 300 A-shares by market capitalization• Belonging to the most liquid 50 per cent of all A-shares

Page 16: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

CSI 300 IndexThe CSI 300 is a capitalization-weighted stock market index designed to replicate the performance of 300 stocks traded in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges.The index is compiled by the China Securities Index Company, Ltd.It has been calculated since April 8, 2005. Its value is normalized relative to a base of 1000 on December 31, 2004.

Page 17: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

 What led there?• The mere 3% interest rate on deposits provided by The People's Bank of China

• The People's Bank of China made the investors turn towards the real estate market

• Investors followed margin trading due to which the number of people (more than 40 million share accounts were opened) 

• borrowed money flooded into the Chinese stock market, helping push stock prices up 150% and the amount officially permitted the stock market to inflate from 403 billion Yuan to 2.2 trillion Yuan.

Page 18: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Effects of BLACK MONDAY

Page 19: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

What has happened in China?• China's stock market has been on a roller-coaster ride. Fears of a downturn in China have already hammered the price of commodities like iron ore and copper. Investment, except in infrastructure, is sliding in all sectors. According to a research, Chinese investors are highly leveraged. By an estimate, a 30% loss in market index could translate into a 60% loss to the average investor. The real concern for those outside China is an economic slowdown and wider impact from a fluctuating stock market. Any attempt to further stimulate growth to compensate for the stock market slump will lead to debt. Chinese Communist Party is deeply paranoid. It fears economic crisis could lead to social unrest, and the social unrest could lead to utter catastrophe. 

Page 20: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

• China has orchestrated a halt to new share issues. CSF announced that it will lend billions to big Chinese brokerage firms so they can buy more stocks. China will also speed up infrastructure spending that the government was already planning to do such as building roads and utilities.

Page 21: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Effect On India

Sensex crashes 1,624 points, investors lose Rs 7 lakh crA global sell-off triggered by a Chinese rout sent the Indian market crashing Monday as it plunged the most in over six years — 5.94 per cent or 1,624 points — to close at a 12-month low of 25,741. Rs 7 lakh crore in market capitalisation of all BSE listed companies was eroded within hours. 

Page 22: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

• The Indian rupee has hit fresh two-year lows against the US dollar, which means imports will be costlier. Moreover, Indian exports have been sliding in the recent months and a slowdown in China won’t help. But it’s not all doom and gloom.• The crash has a short-term focus. The Yuan devaluation will be a short-term pain for the rupee and the equity markets in India draw a lot of direction from the US markets, so any reaction will be because of what is happening in the US rather than in China.

Page 23: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Wallstreet

•Wall Street suffered a major starting loss on Monday, August 24 as the Dow opened 1,000 points down. However, the index gained back some of what it had lost to close down 588 points for the day

Page 24: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

What has happened on other markets?

• Shares around the world followed China’s stock markets lower. About £74bn was wiped off the value of the FTSE 100 and on Wall Street, the Dow Jones Industrial Average slumped by a record of more than 1,000 points at one stage.

• Commodities such as crude oil and copper have also tumbled to multi-year lows as investors take fright over signs of waning demand in the world’s leading consumer of raw materials. 

• The currencies of emerging Asian economies have weakened as investors drop those assets seen as riskier to hold. But investments perceived as safe havens in times of trouble, such as gold and some government bonds, are in demand.

Page 25: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Source: Bruegel (26 August 2015)

Page 26: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

 Beijing's reaction

The Chinese government had launched a

"patriotic fight" to save its stock market.

aaryav anand
Page 27: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

The CSF lent $42 billion (260 billion yuan) to 21 brokerage firms so they can purchase "blue 

chip" stocks.

A new $40 billion (250 billion yuan) plan was announced to foster 

growth in areas of the economy that need it most

The CSF also pledged to buy more small and medium-sized stocks, although there was no specific amount 

given of how much would be spent. 

Page 28: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Over half of China's stocks had stopped trading

Big shareholders can't sell for 6 months:

No more IPOs (for now)

Central Bank slashed rates

Page 29: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

What else needs to be done?

Change of China’s growth outlook

Establishing private financial institutions

 Developing capital markets

Page 30: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Allowing foreigners to access China's domestic stock markets.

Allowing domestic players to invest in foreign markets

End to the practice of buying assets ‘on margin’

Page 31: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Devaluing the Yuan“The more the government intervenes, the more scared I am,” said Li Jun, who runs a fishing and restaurant business in the eastern city of Nanjing. Mr. Li has spent about 3 million yuan on stocks since early this year, using borrowed money for about a third of that amount.

Page 32: A stock index or stock market index is a measurement of the value of a section of the stock market. it is a tool used by investors and financial managers.

Will China become a well-functioning market economy , or will state capitalism continue to drive the operations of the world’s second largest economy?