A SAFE SYSTEM APPROACH TO HUMAN WILDLIFE ......0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 All HWC events are reported Alternative livelihoods (ie non conflict prone) programs are in place Crops are giving

A SAFE SYSTEM APPROACH TO HUMAN WILDLIFE CONFLICT

Vijay MoktanDPG Meeting, UN HOUSE

26th April, 2018

WHY DO WE NEED A STRATEGY?

• Conservation success will lead to increased conflict

• Increased conflict leads to decreased community support

WHAT’S SO GOOD ABOUT THIS STRATEGY ANYWAY?

• Why don’t we just use the existing projects and scale them up?

• Many of them have some really great lessons, but often the projects are in isolation

and have minimal impact to the conflict context overall.

• Why don’t we use existing guidelines by IUCN, FAO etc. and WWF network?

• They are also all quite isolated in the way they are designed. They deal with

symptoms across sites and not the root causes.

• …and ours is a SAFE SYSTEM approach…

CURRENT ACTIONS ARE NOT INTEGRATED

Understanding the

conflict

Policy and legislation Prevention

Mitigation

Response

Monitoring

Hotspot mapping;

community attitude

surveying; impact and

severity monitoring.

HWC program

performance

measurement.

Interim relief schemes;

compensation and

insurance programs;

alternative livelihoods

programs.

HWC policy mainstreaming;

coordination; legal protocols

to manage conflict animals.

Fencing; barriers;

trenches; deterrents;

early warning systems.

Rapid response teams;

first aid; and crowd

management.

• Responding to symptoms

• No long-term direction for a ‘better’, safer future

A SAFE SYSTEM APPROACH ENSURES INTEGRATION

• It looks at the whole system – every element, to make the whole system safer

WHAT IS A SAFE SYSTEM APPROACH?

• It’s a guide – it sets a minimum standard for that area to become SAFE

WHAT IS A SAFE SYSTEM APPROACH?

• Holistic, inclusive, and forgiving

• Involves everyone and their

interactions

• Seeks to minimize conflict knowing

that it could never be zero due to the

people and wild animals involved

HOW DO SAFE SYSTEMS PERFORM?

# fatalities# vehicles

RAPID ASSESSMENT FOR HWC

• How do we know how a safe a system / site / landscape is?

Conduct RAPID ASSESSMENT

• Purpose of the RA Tool:

1. To determine how safe the site is.

2. To determine the unsafe parts of the site.

3. To determine how to make the site safer.

Helena Telkanranta/WWF

IN HWC: WE KNOW HOW TO MAKE THE SYSTEM SAFER

Is protected

Has space

Cannot access crops/livestock

Is separated from people

Is a positive contribution to local livelihoods

Is protected from

clearing,

fragmentation,

encroachment

Managed in

accordance with a land

use plan

Separated from wildlife

Guarded and fenced

Early warning systems

Does not hunt

Wildlife friendly farming

Can fund prevention

Reports HWC

Complies with law

Has alternative livelihoods

RA METHODOLOGY

Understanding how safe

the system is.

Safe Person: ………………….

Criteria 1: ………………





Safe Assets: ………………….






Safe Wildlife: ………………….






=2/5

=40%

40%

20%

80%

60%

80%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%Safe Person

Safe Assets

Safe WildlifeSafe Habitat

Monitoring

Safe Habitat: ………………….






Monitoring : ………………….






=4/5

=80%

=4/5

=80%

=3/5

=60%

=1/5

=20%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

All HWC events are reported

Alternative livelihoods (ie non conflict prone) programs are in place

Crops are giving more protection during peak HWC periods

Crops are guarded

Crops are seperated from habitat

Designated and controlled grazing in place

Early warning system for outside workers is in place

Financial means for prevention are present

HWC compensation program is in place

HWC information system is in place

HWC insurance scheme is in place

HWC management plan in place

Income diversification programs in place

Informant network is in place

Livestock are fenced / enclosed / tethered at night

Livestock are guarded during the day

Low levels of fear of HWC

Low reliance on natural resources outside protected area for income

Low reliance on natural resources outside protected area for…

Low reliance on Protected Area resources for income and subsistence

Participation in environmental education programs

Patrolling is undertaken in Protected Areas

Patrolling is undertaken in unprotected areas

People have the right to put in place prevention measures

Response teams are in place

Skills for prevention are present

Successful prevention measures are applied elsewhere

Frequency

Not meeting the criteria Meeting the criteria

Summary of results from 9 sites in Bhutan (2016)

Bhutan overall results from 9 sites (2016)

9%

89%

34%

19%

6%

78%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

39%

40%

66%

91%

46%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%Safe Person

Safe Assets

Safe WildlifeSafe Habitat

HWCMonitoring

+ - SD Mean

• Strong policy & effective law enforcement.

• Potential loss of tolerance for wildlife. High

risk of retaliatory killing.

• High chance if regular conflicts.

• Assets unsafe and continue to be lost.

• Monitoring is weak. Low monitoring levels

may have led to low focus on assets.

Launching of Safe System Strategy, 24th Feb. 2017, Paro

9%

89%

34%

19%

6%

78%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

What needs to be done at national level?• Response Teams• M&E• Alt and diversify livelihoods • Insurance schemes• Species research and management

RESULTS FRAMEWORKExpected progress against the SAFE Baseline as a result of Strategy implementation

HWC SAFE SYSTEM STRATEGY

holistic – inclusive - forgiving

A SAFE SYSTEM APPROACH TO HUMAN WILDLIFE ......0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 All HWC events are reported Alternative livelihoods (ie non conflict prone) programs are in place Crops are giving

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