Water Management and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Omdiyar Fund
A Review of Water Management and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Lower Middle Income Countries.
Nov 22, 2014
This paper will focus on a review of the challenges and opportunities for Water Manage-ment and Disaster Risk Reduction in post disaster environments in lower middle Income Countries . The review will draw on grass roots experience from both Indonesia and Philippines.
The paper will outline the cost effectiveness of proactive strategies that consider disaster risk reduction as an integrated component of water management (as strongly indicated in AusAID policy for DRR.)
From Indonesia the reviewed will focus on how SurfAid International has cut into a niche corporate sector to attract funds to support social and environmental services in post dis-aster environments. The paper will look at three programs implemented in parallel by SurfAid International building health wellbeing and self-reliance of remote island communi-ties. Efforts from IWRM projects in Davao will also be consider and how they have pro-duced unintended, but welcome, outcomes in build the resilience of upland communities. Opportunities for better integration between water management and DRR will then be pre-sented.
The Symposium main theme which aims "to identify business opportunities for water sec-tor to integrate into an expanding environmental services industries" will be tackled by looking at the challenges in funding and sustaining funding for water management in post disaster environments. We will review the increasing role of the philanthropy in supporting recovery from disasters and the need to shift from responsive to proactive strategies for disaster management. The paper will present how water management and DRR strategies are both compatible and necessary to enable sustainable development, particularly in dis-aster prone SE Asia.
Finally the paper will apply these lessons and project a vision of how HELP Basins could become a local catalyst, creating a demand for water knowledge services that guides wa-ter actors to be proactive in engage a full spectrum of stakeholders for a truly diversified water business environment that is focus on social, economic and environment outcomes.
The paper will outline the cost effectiveness of proactive strategies that consider disaster risk reduction as an integrated component of water management (as strongly indicated in AusAID policy for DRR.)
From Indonesia the reviewed will focus on how SurfAid International has cut into a niche corporate sector to attract funds to support social and environmental services in post dis-aster environments. The paper will look at three programs implemented in parallel by SurfAid International building health wellbeing and self-reliance of remote island communi-ties. Efforts from IWRM projects in Davao will also be consider and how they have pro-duced unintended, but welcome, outcomes in build the resilience of upland communities. Opportunities for better integration between water management and DRR will then be pre-sented.
The Symposium main theme which aims "to identify business opportunities for water sec-tor to integrate into an expanding environmental services industries" will be tackled by looking at the challenges in funding and sustaining funding for water management in post disaster environments. We will review the increasing role of the philanthropy in supporting recovery from disasters and the need to shift from responsive to proactive strategies for disaster management. The paper will present how water management and DRR strategies are both compatible and necessary to enable sustainable development, particularly in dis-aster prone SE Asia.
Finally the paper will apply these lessons and project a vision of how HELP Basins could become a local catalyst, creating a demand for water knowledge services that guides wa-ter actors to be proactive in engage a full spectrum of stakeholders for a truly diversified water business environment that is focus on social, economic and environment outcomes.
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Water Management and Disaster Risk
Reduction (DRR)
Omdiyar Fund
• Disaster Management and Water Management• Comparison of Water and Disaster Management at
Community Level• Case study 1: Earthquakes & Impact on Groundwater on Small Coral Islands
• [Ch]Trends of Aid in Post- disaster Environments• [Op]Case Study 2: SurfAid Model and Role of
Philanthropy for Tapping Funds• Lesson Learnt
Overview
SurfAid International• Vision is to improve the health, well-being, and
self-reliance of people living in isolated regions.
• Mission is to … develop and synthesize a series of proven, high impact, and cost effective approaches that create lasting improvements … in the health and wellbeing …. of individuals and communities at … increasing scale.
Program focus
• Health • Water and sanitation• Emergency Preparedness• Emergency Recovery • Psycho- Social Support
Site locations
History of Earthquakes in Western Sumatra
Part 1: Disaster Part 1: Disaster Management and WaterManagement and Water
West Sumatra Islands Basin
• Joined the HELP UNESCO River Basin Network during the third call in 2008
• The Basin is at early stage in development • Stakeholder participation is ongoing at the village
and local government levels • Strives to become a leader in the global network
with a focus on – ‘water, health and emergencies.’
Hydrology for the Environment, Life and Policy
To deliver social, economic, and environmental benefit to stakeholders through sustainable and appropriate use of water by
directing hydrological science towards improved integrated catchment management basins
Real people Real catchments Real answers
Disaster Risk Management CycleIWRM
IWRM INTEGRATION
INTEGRATION
WatSan
WatSan
Supply &
management
Emergency Water
& Sanitation
Disaster Risk
• arises when hazards interact with vulnerabilities & resilience
Hazards, Vulnerability, & Resilience
Hydro Meteorological Risk
• Weather-related hazards accounted for over 76% of natural disasters over the last two decades.
• Climate change is highly likely to increase the frequency and severity of weather-related hazards
Disasters Reported
Time trend of reported natural disasters, 1975–2008Source: Disaster Risk Reduction policy AusAID 2009.
195/ year
365/ year
History of Earthquakes in Western Sumatra
A prepared community
• Being prepared for disasters saves lives
• 2 earthquakes in September 12 and September 13, 2007 measuring 8.4 and 7.9 on the Richter scale
• The earthquakes destroyed 50 per cent of the small village and more than 60 houses
• There were no casualties from about 150 families and a population of 625
North Pagai
Padang, W Sumatra
Prepared communities in Mentawai
SurfAid & communities emergency preparedness activities
• erected signposts pointing to an evacuation site.
• Children participated in earthquake simulation drills at school
• families prepared emergency bags with essential documents and emergency items.
Cost effectiveness
• World Bank and IFRC have found that for each dollar invested in disaster risk reduction, two to ten dollars are saved in avoided or reduced disaster response and recovery costs.
Comparisons between DRR & Comparisons between DRR & IWRMIWRM
Comparison of community based DRR & IWRM
Part 2: Earthquake Impacts on ground water of small Islands
History of Earthquakes in Western Sumatra
Earthquakes and Groundwater• Seismic waves have two main types of effects on groundwater levels: oscillations, and "permanent" offsets
• Wells may exhibit seismic oscillations from for any earthquakes of M7 occurring within a distance of 3000-4000 km
• Wells that exhibit "long-term" offsets tend to do so for larger, nearer earthquakes
Post Earthquake dry well - Hinako Islands
Raised Reef
Raised Reef 2
Nias Earthquake 8.6Mw 2005
Post Disaster Nias
• 8.6Mw Earthquake on March 28th 2005
• Massive structural damage to natural and man made environments
• Massive influx of humanitarian aid• Nias in 2010 has on undergone massive
reconstruction with roads and health infrastructure ‘built back better’ but
• many basic needs of remote communities remains unmet
History of Earthquakes in Western Sumatra
Trends in Aid
Challenges in post disaster Challenges in post disaster envronsenvrons
• Continuing funds streams after post disaster period
• Sustainability of short sectoral focused programs
• Challenges in bringing the interventions to scale
Object 2 of Malaysia HELP Symposium
• aims to identify business opportunities for water sector to integrate into an expanding environmental services industry
• A model of successful engagement of private sector to support environmental services in post disaster environments
Op 1: Tapping Philanthropy
Finding a niche & opening the tapFinding a niche & opening the tap
SurfAid International• Started in 2000 with a vision to be the Surf
Industry’s “vehicle of choice for humanitarian response”
• Recognized a gap and sought to become the conscience for the industry
• In 2010 we celebrate 10 years
SurfAid approach in Nias
• In post disaster Nias worked with UNICEF to build 100 latrines and water facilitates
• Between 2008 - 2009 massive withdraw of aid organization from Nias
• Yet many inaccessible communities remained with improved access to sanitation or drinking water
• Committed funds were withdrawn• SurfAid long term commitment to the Area and
the people
National
Commitment, Concepts & connectionsCommitment, Concepts & connections,
Field
International
Collaboration and
feedback
SocialSocialEntrepreneurial Entrepreneurial
SpiritSpirit
Donor Cluster for water in post disaster environment
• Funded by Omidyar Network with NZAID and AusAID.
• Opportunity to join HELP UNESCO • Opportunity to shift community focus from dole
out to self empowerment• Opportunity to focus on behavior change and
build foundation for sustainable changes• Committed delivery of 64 improved water and
sanitation facilities (21 latrines)
Latrines builtDonor Target = 21 Latrines
Community Target = 337 latrines
Current total = 257 Latrines
Lessons Learntand Opportunities
1. DRR can and should be Integrated in WM
2. Water & Sanitation in post disaster
• Reduces human suffering• Improves environmental
quality• Should be seen and used as
an entry point for more holistic water management
• ‘Build back better’ - not just physically but socially, economically and environmentally.
3. potential to integrate business sector
1. Local CatalystsTapping Philanthropy
Source: Driving innovation from the base of the Pyramid, S Hart
Corporate Engagement
‘Disaster risk reduction iseverybody’s business. Onlyby investing in tangible riskreduction measures can we
reduce vulnerability andprotect development’
Ban Ki Moon, Secretary-General of theUnited Nations, 2008
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