Introduction Definition : 2G (Second Generation Telecommunication Standard) is means the wireless mobiles which was introduced in second generation. Spectrum means bandwidth which was sgiven by government of India. Now 2G is in operation and 4G is expected. WHAT IS 2G 2G means second-generation wireless telephone technology. Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland in 1991. 2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS text messages WHAT IS 2G SCAM 2G licenses issued to private telecom players at throwaway prices in 2008 Spectrum scam has cost loss to the government Rs. 1.76 Lakh crore 1 | SATNAM SINGH
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Introduction
Definition :
2G (Second Generation Telecommunication Standard) is means the wireless mobiles
which was introduced in second generation. Spectrum means bandwidth which was
sgiven by government of India. Now 2G is in operation and 4G is expected.
WHAT IS 2G
2G means second-generation wireless telephone technology.
Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the
GSM standard in Finland in 1991.
2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS text messages
WHAT IS 2G SCAM
2G licenses issued to private telecom players at throwaway prices in 2008
Spectrum scam has cost loss to the government Rs. 1.76 Lakh crore
Rules and procedures flouted while issuing licenses
WHO CAUSED IT?
The then telecom minister Andimuthu Raja caused the 2G scam
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A Raja caused the loss of $40 billion to the Government by selling the Licenses of
network to the private players without following any rules and regulations.
2G Scam: It means issuing of 2G licenses to private telecom companies at low prices. The
companies paid fewer amounts to the government which hits the profit and revenue of the
government. It was done by bribing the Department of Telecom (DoT).
2g is a network service which was supposed to be launched in india for which the network
providers such as vodafone,loop/bpl,reliance,airtel,docomo etc. had to be approved by the
govt. of india to hold the licence for the bandwidth which is used for the 2g service and for this
license the politicians of india have said to be taken some bribe just to give the licence for
eg:the 3g facility allows us to stream videos from the internet from the cellphone for live
streaming the internet usage amount is high hence they require a particular licence from the
government to allow them to use similarly the 2g required a licence for which a bribe had been
demanded by the politicians which has now! been exposed hope this helps you
2G-second generation,A.Raja minister of communication and IT ,cheated ind gov..2g
spectrum scam involved officials nd minister nindia illegally under charging mob
telephons companies for frequency allocation licences,wich they would use 2 create 2G
subscriptions for cell phons .according 2 a report submitted by the comptroller and
auditor based on money collected from 3G* licences.this made loss of rs.176.379
crores($40 billion)...and more info came out when tapping the phone calls of lobbyist
niiraradia.
2G (or 2-G) is short for second-generation wireless telephone technology. Second
generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the GSM
standard in Finland by Radiolinja[1] (now part of Elisa Oyj) in 1991.
Three primary benefits of 2G networks over their predecessors were that phone
conversations were digitally encrypted; 2G systems were significantly more efficient on
2 | S A T N A M S I N G H
the spectrum allowing for far greater mobile phone penetration levels; and 2G
introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS text messages
. After 2G was launched, the previous mobile telephone systems were retrospectively
dubbed 1G. While radio signals on 1G networks are analog, radio signals on 2G
networks are digital. Both systems use digital signaling to connect the radio towers
(which listen to the handsets) to the rest of the telephone system. 2G has been
superseded by newer technologies such as 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, and 4G; however, 2G
networks are still used in many parts of the world.
Some of the many conversations recorded over 300 days were leaked to the media.
The intense controversy around the leaked tapes, became known in the media as the
Radia tapes controversy. The tapes featured some explosive conversations between
Politicians, Journalists and Corporate Houses. Politicians from Karunanidhi to
ArunJaitley, journalists like BarkhaDutt and VirSanghvi and Industrial groups like the
Tata's were either participants or mentioned in these explosive tapes. In 2008, the
Income Tax department, after orders from the ministry of Home and the PMO, began
tapping the phones of NiiraRadia. This was done to help with an ongoing investigation
into a case where it was alleged that NiiraRadia had acted as a spy.[3] The 2G
spectrum scam involved officials and ministers in the Government of India illegally
undercharging mobile telephony companies for frequency allocation licenses, which
they would use to create 2G subscriptions for cell phones. According to a report
submitted by the Comptroller and Auditor General based on money collected from 3G
licenses, the loss to the exchequer was 176,379 crore (US$38.27 billion). The issuing of
the 2G licenses occurred in 2008, but the scam came to public notice when the Indian
Income Tax Department investigated political lobbyist NiiraRadia and the Supreme
Court of India took SubramaniamSwamy's complaints on record [With Case type: Writ
Petition (Civil),Case No:10, Year:2011].[1] The case details of the main PIL filed with the
supreme court is Typewritten Petition (Civil),Case No:423, Year:2010.
ArunShourie - the minister for Telecom during 2003 in the previous BJP regime. It was
ArunShourie who introduced the controversial technology neutral "Unified Access(both
Basic A. Raja - the Ex-Minister of Communications and Information Technology who
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was the minister when the controversial second round of spectrum allocations took
place. Mr. Raja, an MP of the DravidaMunnetraKazhagam from the Nilgiris
constituency, was forced to resign following the public outcry. Manmohan Singh, -
Prime Minister of India from heading the ruling UPA government led by the Congress,
who is accused of not acting on removing Raja, the main accused in the scam in spite
of Finance minister Chidambaram's warning to him .In a note to the PM on January 15,
2008, Chidambaram had reiterated the finance ministry's suggestion to auction
spectrum as the price would be based on scarcity value. He then went on to suggest
this could be used as one-time for additional spectrum. 3. Politicians involved &
Cellular) Services License", which allowed fixed line operators who had paid much
lower license fees to offer mobile phone services, at first in the limited WLL mode
(Wireless local loop) and later, following an out of court settlement between mobile
operators and the BJP govt, full mobility. This gave an advantage to players like
Reliance and Tata Teleservices who managed to get mobile spectrum without paying
the hefty fees that earlier operators like BPL Mobile had paid.
R K Chandolia - private secretary of Raja during UPA-I when the licences were
awarded. He was an Indian Economic Service officer of the 1984 batch cadre. When
Raja became the Telecom Minister once again in UPA-II, Chandolia had been promoted
to the Joint Secretary rank. Raja re-designated him Economic Adviser, that gave him
the charge of all important policy-related work. Chandolia interacted with all the
licensees. It is said that it was Chandolia who, from DDG- access services A K
Srivastava's room, had handed out letters of intent to representatives of various
companiesPradipBaijal - a bureaucrat who is alleged to have implemented policies that
favored certain Telecom companies when he was heading the TRAI. Post retirement,
Baijal joined Noesis, a consulting firm. Raja has made references to Baijal's decisions in
2003 as the basis for his decisions in 2008. The houses and offices of the bureaucrat
were recently when raided by the Central Bureau of Investigation as part of their
investigations. Siddhartha Behura - former telecom secretary who served in the DOT
at the time of the 2G allocation. 4. Bureaucrats involved
PrashantRuia - Essar GroupShahidBalwa - DB Realty and DB Etisalat (formerly Swan
Telecom) Anil Ambani - Reliance Group (ADAG) Allianz Infra Dishnet Wireless 4 | S A T N A M S I N G H
Vodafone Essar Tata Communications SistemaShyam Mobile Reliance
Communications S Tel Videocon Telecommunications Loop Mobile Swan