When we are through, Williams will at last have a “living room” where our extraordinary students can pursue that essential second half of their education — the one they give each other. A REPORT FROM WILLIAMS 2004
When we are through, Williams will at
last have a “living room” where our
extraordinary students can pursue that
essential second half of their education—
the one they give each other.
A REPORT FROM WILLIAMS 2004
It’s all about the students. Liberal arts colleges serve society by broadeningand deepening the knowledge of their undergraduates who, especially inthe case of Williams, go on disproportionately to fill positions of leadershipin their professions and communities. Those of us entrusted with the stewardship of this great college judge every decision by how much it will improve the education of our students.
As we do, it’s an enormous help to know that you share our long-standingcommitment. We know because so many of you have contributed time,
wisdom, and resources in support of our strategic initiatives to enhance our students’ education. All of your efforts are brought together in The Williams Campaign. One yearafter launching the campaign with nearly $160 million in advance commitments, we have received another $76 million, which puts us at $236 million toward our five-year, $400-million goal.
This is a strong start, indeed, but there are four more years and a very long way to gobefore The Williams Campaign can claim genuine success. We also look beyond this essen-tial dollar progress to the main point — how each of you is helping us advance Williams as a learning community.
That said, your initial campaign support has done a great deal of good. Williams has, forinstance, hired 30 additional professors. A larger faculty means that more than 70 percentof Williams classes now have fewer than 20 students, up from less than 60 percent just afew years ago. It has also allowed us to increase from 21 to 46 the number of tutorials, inwhich a professor works with five teams of two students for a semester.
A M E S S AG E F R O M M O R T Y S C H A P I R O
1–8Message from President Morty Schapiro
9Message from Trustee Bob Lipp ’60
10Campaign Progress
11–14Financial Information
C O N T E N T S
Dear alumni, parents, and friends,
2
Ground for a Williams College Student
Union was broken by President James
Phinney Baxter 3d ’14 in a ceremony on
September 13. Construction was begun
immediately, and the building was fin-
ished the following year.
T H E C O N S T R U C T I O N , 1 9 5 2 B A X T E R H A L L , 1 9 5 4
On Sunday, February 21, nearly
300 friends of the College were
present in the freshman lounge
of the Student Union and Freshman
Center to witness the structure’s
dedication as Baxter Hall.
Sabrina Wirth ’05
Sabrina Wirth has a vivid record of her growthas a cartoonist: “My people freshman yearlooked a lot more like illustrations. They hadactual noses, for instance. Now my Williamspeople look more like the characters in TheBoondocks or Calvin and Hobbes.”
More impressionistic but just as strong isSabrina’s sense of her growth as a person, onewho, in addition to drawing a weekly strip forThe Record, also belongs to the Alpine Ski Team,served on College Council, tutored local elemen-tary school kids and sometimes holds down two campus jobs at once. “I’m not the mostorganized person in the world,” says Sabrina,
“but doing all this made me more organized. Ican actually focus more on my work when I fillup all my time with other things!”
At Williams, Sabrina has also tasted the satisfac-tions and perils of trying to create change. OnCollege Council, she put her graphic skills towork by developing a new “CC” logo, an inter-esting exercise in making an aesthetic decision bycommittee. Far more challenging was her effortto amend the Honor Code by adding a sectionon the ethics of how students treat each other (a move inspired when her stolen backpack neverreappeared). No one could fault her desire toinspire better behavior, and several reps offered
to help refine her amendment. But others feltpassionately that imposing new social guidelineswas not the way to go. Debate that began inCollege Council jumped to the op-ed page ofThe Record, and it isn’t over yet.
Whether or not her amendment succeeds,Sabrina may ultimately be developing an evenmore powerful tool for shaping student attitudes.Quoting her Boondocks-drawing role modelAaron McGruder (who visited the Williams cam-pus last year), Christina observes, “A cartoonistalways has the last word.”
Additional professors have also helped us launch ambitious curricular initiatives: newrequirements in writing and quantitative reasoning, interdisciplinary programs in areasfrom cognitive science to international studies, and experiential opportunities such as“Williams in New York,” which we will pilot next year.
Complementing these academic initiatives, early campaign support is allowing us to takeactive steps to enrich the Williams experience outside the classroom. Though this work(the subject of this entire report) is still in its early stages, we’ve made great improvementsto dormitories like Prospect and Mission Park. And through programmatic initiatives,some new staffing, and — most important — continual dialogue with students, we are beginning to address the wonderful challenge of increasing the ways in which studentsserve each other as “professors” in this “second half” of a Williams education. >>
Even without our help, student life at Williams would be very different today from before.The essential qualities that define Williams students transcend the generations — but whereour students originate and what experiences they bring with them have, in a few decades,entirely changed. These extraordinary young men and women come from every corner of ourcountry and from all over the world.
In effect, every student at Williams today is enrolled in a provocative, if unofficial, coursein interpersonal relations and global understanding — taught by their classmates everyminute of the day. As a Williams professor, I hesitate to say so, but if our students didnothing more than learn from each other for four years, they would still leave with a veryimpressive education (if not a diploma).
These changes in the student experience are magnificent — but their benefits are not auto-matic. It takes extra effort and real creativity to find ways to enable such a wonderfullyvaried group of human beings to learn the most from each other. One important way we’redoing that is through the creation of a new Student Center on the site of Baxter Hall.
Christina Villegas ’05
One day Christina Villegas drove upstate fromQueens with her parents to shop the outletstores — and came home with a fabulous purplecollege that fit her perfectly. Since it was college-hunting season, the family had taken an unscheduled detour to Williams. Despite“horrible rain,” Christina fell in love: Somethingjust felt comfortable.”
As a freshman, she quickly found her home hereas a leader in the student movement to create aLatino studies program, first as a member andchair of VISTA, the Latino student group, andtoday as co-president of MinCo, an umbrella forall campus minority organizations.
Interdisciplinary programs like Latino studiestypically offer courses from professors in manydifferent departments, from history and politicalscience to literature and art history. But toensure enough courses each year to make a majorpossible, most programs seek to hire a core oftenure-track faculty they can call their own.Along with several other students, Christinajoined the College’s official search for the firstdedicated Latino studies professor. In historianCarmen Whalen, they found their inspiration:“Her interest and vibrancy pulled me into beinga history major,” Christina says.
Though surely much work remains before theprogram is “real,” each year since has brought
new gains in courses offered and talent hired. Christina feels encouraged: “President Schapiroreally wants to make this a model program forthe College.”
Why do she and President Schapiro both feel the program is so important? Because Williamshas a responsibility to prepare its students to be effective leaders in an increasingly multicul-tural society. What’s more, as Christina explains, “As an institution, if you make a commitment to having a diverse student body, it can’t be half-hearted. These are real people. In the longterm, a Latino studies program helps improve us as a college, as students, and as citizens of this country.”
Baxter’s Snack Bar brought together
generations of Ephs (and faculty,
staff, and neighbors) over great fast
food in a ski-lodge setting. All will
be sustained (along with better
window views) going forward.
T H E S N AC K B A R , 1 9 5 4
From intercollegiate “mixers” to
a capella, from WCFM radio to
College Council, from the Astronomy
Club to the Sushi Club, Williams
students have always learned from
each other beyond the classroom.
S T U D E N T O R G A N I Z AT I O N S , 1 9 5 4
>>
4
Adam Grogg ’04
If the book Bowling Alone perfectly captures theragged state of American civil society, AdamGrogg could probably show us how to knit ittogether again. At a minimum, we may requirehim to share the secret of how he manages sucha jaw-dropping range of activities; one suspectshe has devised a 34-hour day.
To start with, he helped launch a new Williamstradition: First Fridays, a wildly popular once-a-month all-campus party that opens with a band,closes with a DJ and features “an atmospherethat’s comfortable even for people who don’tdrink at all.” (That same concept helped inspireprogramming for the new Student Center;Adam also served on the committee that shaped
its vision.) Attracting long lines of students,First Fridays are now a real institution, paid for by the College and managed by All CampusEntertainment.
Adam also managed Goodrich and The Log, co-wrote a satirical biweekly beer-and-wine columnfor The Record — and made Phi Beta Kappa afterjunior year. In his spare time, he picked up aproject launched by a graduating friend: attract-ing potential volunteer donors for a nationalbone marrow registry. As Adam explains, “About30,000 leukemia patients a year require a bonemarrow transplant. Thirty percent find a matchin their family. For the rest, the national registryis their only option.” The first challenge: raising
the money to cover the $78 fee for each new registration. The second: inspiring people to vol-unteer. Seventeen-thousand dollars and hundredsof new registrants later, Adam had createdanother Williams tradition; seeing his success,the College now funds the program itself.
After graduation, Adam took his passion forcommunity-building to the national level, working with the Commission on PresidentialDebates, a group led by another civic-mindedEph, Janet H. Brown ’73. He’s now a MarshallScholar at Oxford, studying comparative socialpolicy: “In terms of government intervention,what works and what doesn’t?” Knowing Adam,when he finds out, he’ll drop by the localBowladrome and let us know.
Since its dedication in 1954, Baxter served as a campus crossroads — a place to bump into people and ideas you might not otherwise encounter. For example, thanks to its all-campus TV, Baxter became inextricably tied in the minds of many Ephs with definingevents of their respective eras: The McCarthy hearings. The Cuban missile crisis. Watergate.The Gulf War. September 11th. It was home to many wonderful meals, passionate debates,hilarious skits, and imaginative parties. For our student organizations, it contained andfostered vital community work. And, as every Eph knows, it was home to two dear friends:the snack bar and your mail box (maybe even with a letter from home). >>
Desperately needed socks. A birth-
day card from your grandmother.
The new Sports Illustrated. Even in
an age of electronic communica-
tion, mailboxes exert a powerful
magnetic force, drawing students
together in a spontaneous meeting
spot around them. The Baxter
originals have all been preserved
for reinstallation in 2006.
The challenge is to match in the
21st century the level of service
Baxter provided a student body of
only 1,000 when it was built in
1954. Today, Baxter’s central mail
facility alone takes up much of
what used to be functional space,
even as student organizations have
grown to a level never imagined.
S T U D E N T C E N T E R , 1 9 6 0T H E M A I L R O O M , 1 9 5 4
After graduation, Adam took his passion for
community-building to the national level,
working with the Commission on Presidential
Debates, a group led by another civic-minded
Eph, Janet H. Brown ’73. He’s now at Oxford,
studying comparative social policy.
5
Ilunga Kalala ’05
What’s that tragic sound? The terrible cry of yet another student organization succumbing tothe fatal quicksand of Refining Its Own Bylaws.Fortunately, last year Ilunga Kalala and his co-president, “Vero” Mendiola ’05, helpedWilliams’ College Council clamber to safety —just in time. As Ilunga explains, “Williams is allabout student initiative. That’s part of why Icame here. So I really wanted College Councilto be proactive, to seek out important problemsand focus on tangible results.” With Ilunga’sleadership and encouragement, College Councilreps this year have worked to stop the state from
mistakenly taxing students for cafeteria meals,lobbied for the creation of a Latino studies program and launched an effort to increase thevalue of book vouchers for students receivingfinancial aid. Ilunga admits that leading CollegeCouncil can “take a toll on your GPA,” but ithas taught him skills he’ll use forever — like thefine art of how to delegate.
And while College Council is what he lives andbreathes, he has also worked as a JA, run the 400in track, play JV basketball and serve as a leaddancer in the African dance and drummingtroupe, Kusika. Since freshman year, he has also
Despite all this, we’ve taken it down — because Baxter just doesn’t work anymore. Over the years, half of the dining center has been closed because not enough students were eating there. At the same time, too much of this building intended for students was givenover to catering functions that will now be housed elsewhere. And then there’s the rabbitwarren in the basement, a first-class bomb shelter but a lousy place to jam the offices ofour dynamic student clubs and publications.
been a passionate member of Sankofa, theCollege’s student-run Step Dance team. “Step,”says Ilunga, “is really rooted in the AfricanDiaspora”— a subject close to his heart andexperience, since his parents emigrated from the Congo in 1980. His work with Sankofa —as a dancer, choreographer, squad leader andteacher — is a powerful, practical way to keepthat tradition alive.
When accused of trying to do too much, Ilungademurs: “The older I get, the more I realize therewards of sleep.”
The lower level will feature a
pub, a social lounge, and a large,
multipurpose space for student
entertainment and performance.
A. Pub
B. Social Lounge
C. Multipurpose
LOW E R L E V E L , 2 0 0 6
A
BC
Though fitting roughly within the
original Baxter “footprint,” the new
Student Center will provide 12,000
more square feet of functional
space. Prominent east and west
entrances will draw students from
all campus corners. Large windows
and a second-floor terrace and
balcony will offer great views, and
a soaring central atrium will carry
Phinney Baxter’s name.
T H E N E W ST U D E N T C E N T E R , 2 0 0 6
>>
As Ilunga explains, “Williams is all about student initia-
tive. That’s part of why I came here. So I really wanted
College Council to be proactive, to seek out important
problems and focus on tangible results.”
The second level will be the
programmatic hub of the
entire College campus, housing
all major student activities and
organizations as well as an
academic resource center.
A. CC/MinCo/ACE
B. Reading Room
C. Residential Life
D. Williams Record
Having tried every way we could think of to remedy these shortcomings within the originalstructure, we finally determined that the most productive and cost-effective approach wasto start anew.
As I write, construction is proceeding apace, and we expect to open the doors of our newStudent Center in the fall of 2006. In recognition of a Williams graduate’s extraordinary$15.75 million gift to The Williams Campaign, the Board of Trustees has voted to name thenew Student Center in the donor’s honor. Attached to this generous graduate’s gift was onerequest: that we celebrate Baxter’s past by preserving the name. When the new StudentCenter opens in 2006, its soaring central atrium will be called Baxter Hall, carrying on thename of Williams’ 10th president, James Phinney Baxter 3rd, Class of 1914.
Of course, we’re going to preserve other valuable memories, too: the snack bar will be morethan reminiscent of its charming predecessor and will feature all those wonderfully wornoriginal tables and benches. We’ve also salvaged many mail boxes. (So you can still comeback and say hello.) >>
Besides a snack bar in keeping with
the Baxter original, the main floor
will house the mailroom, a new
marketplace-style food servery, and
the Baxter Hall atrium.
A. Snack Bar
B. Baxter Hall
C. Servery
M A I N F LO O R , 2 0 0 6 S E C O N D L E V E L , 2 0 0 6
A
B
C
B
C
A
D
Kim Fassler ’06
In choosing a college, Kim Fassler traded onetranquil, majestic island paradise for another,um, slightly colder one — her native Hawaii forthe remote Berkshire isle known as Williamstown.Except for the waning novelty of snow, Kimremains very enthusiastic about Williams. But, as it turns out, her true home may be somewhereless obviously idyllic: “I spent Winter Studyworking for ABC News in New York. It was dur-ing the presidential primaries, so people wererunning around, getting numbers, yelling at eachother. It was totally hectic, totally chaotic — andI loved it.”
On a smaller scale, she savors some of the sameintensity and excitement in the offices of TheRecord every week — especially around 3 a.m.every Tuesday morning, when she and her fellowexecutive editors have spent 20 hours together in a small, hot office, debating everything fromthe angle of this week’s editorial to the layout ofthe front page to the wording of a controversialheadline. “You really learn to listen to other peo-ple and to stand up for you own point of view,”says Kim, and inevitably, “You get really close.”
Having earned the job of news editor as a fresh-man, Kim went from knowing nothing about
Williams to knowing everything that really mat-ters — like the richest sources of campus gossip(she will certainly never tell) and the best way tocontact President Schapiro (“by e-mail. Anddon’t use ‘U’ for you, because it really sets himoff.”) She has also developed a special affectionfor Tuesday mornings, when people all overcampus are reading and talking about the latestedition: “I really like the idea that our editorialboard is setting the agenda.” Don’t be surprisedif one day Kim’s agenda appears on a newsstandnear you.
When you do, you’ll find a new Student Center that not only houses our vibrant studentorganizations, but also helps them do better work — a place whose open design and welcoming atmosphere encourages student leaders from different organizations to share ideas and expertise (as well as late-night pizzas and the copy machine). In its warm, inviting design, the new Student Center will be as irresistibly attractive as a warm hearthon a cold day — a place where remarkable students, in all their variety, can get to knoweach other as friends, colleagues, citizens of the same world, and fellow members of theinfinitely interesting family of Williams College.
This extraordinary new building, together with the ’62 Center for Theatre and Dance and our emerging effort to transform Stetson Hall and Sawyer Library into an integratedcenter for the humanities and social sciences, will profoundly change the campus — and
B A X T E R H A L L , 2 0 0 6
The principal feature of the new
Student Center will be the soaring
central atrium called Baxter Hall.
All interior spaces and functions of
the new center will emanate from
this stunning central space. With a
massive fireplace and comfortable
seating, Baxter Hall will serve as a
“living room” for the entire Williams
campus.
The new student center, together
with the ’62 Center for Theatre
and Dance and the new effort to
transform Stetson Hall and Sawyer
Library into an integrated hall for
the humanities and social sciences,
are part of a comprehensive plan
to realize the full potential of our
beautiful campus.
’62 CENTER FOR THEATRE & DANCE , 2005
>>
Mike Crotty ’04
A warning to anyone running for All-Time MostDevoted Parents of a Williams College Athlete:Mike Crotty’s parents have a big head start. As a varsity basketball point guard, Mike played120 games in arenas from Florida to Nevada toSouth Carolina to the wilds of upstate NewYork. Both his mother and his father made it toevery game. Such unswerving devotion and sheerlove for the sport shines through in Mike him-self. “At your best as a point guard, you’re anextension of the coach,” says Mike. “You run theoffense and you have the ball in your hands themost.” What did Mike’s best earn for Williams?A tidy 1,400 points, a Division Three national
championship the first year he was captain and a very, very near miss the second year. Mike alsoset a new standard for what it means to be ateam player, racking up a record-scorching 891assists (the previous College record: 495). Hisafter-Williams, before-graduate-school adventure:a year or two playing professional basketball in Europe. (Ephs with any spare phrase booksmay wish to forward them to Mr. and Mrs.Crotty now.)
In contrast to his basketball immersion, as a junior Mike won an open seat on the HonorCommittee, which reviews the cases of students
charged with honor code violations like plagiarismor cheating. Not surprisingly, the committee’satmosphere is serious and rather tense, its repu-tation daunting. As Mike saw it, the challengefor him was to “be polite but assertive, to godown another layer and draw out both sides ofthe story — to make totally sure that the prob-lem wasn’t just a miscommunication between the student and the professor.” Which may beanother way of saying that Mike was born tolead a team.
8
they’re supposed to. All these projects are part of a comprehensive rethinking of thestrengths and possibilities of our eternally beautiful campus.
All this progress costs money, of course. The final price tag for dismantling Baxter andbuilding the new Student Center as well as moving and housing Baxter’s former functionsin the meantime will be $36 million. But I know the investment will be well worth it.
When we are through, some 20 months from now, Williams will at last have a “livingroom” where our extraordinary students can pursue that essential second half of their education — the one they give each other.
I hope you’ll come see for yourselves.
Sincerely,
“Never has a partnership among the College’s alumni, parents, and friends been more primed for success than here at Williams at the beginning of the 21st century.”
M O R T Y S C H A P I R O, 1 6 T H P R E S I D E N T
Even with a Williams education, it may beimpossible to calculate the precise value of thescent of warm chocolate chip cookies. But fromrunning the Goodrich coffee bar, EstelitaNimoh-Boateng offers this empirical reckoning:When she started baking the cookies on the spot, their roaming aroma boosted sales 60 per-cent. Estelita made other strategic changes, too:she began selling those classic vanilla ice creamsandwiches (a delicacy unobtainable on SpringStreet). Noting the perennial popularity ofbagels, she started charging five cents moreapiece. And she launched an employee-of-the-month program — in a student-run operation,
an unexpected and highly effective reward.Though she had no experience in retail, her masterful management eliminated the coffeebar’s $21,000 debt and actually made enoughextra to invest in new equipment.
The financial results made Estelita “really, reallyhappy.” Even more important: what she learnedabout managing, inspiring and appreciatingother people. “I really learned what it was like to work: to be a busser, a waitress, a manager, tostruggle to maintain inventory, to give directionsand have them not be followed. When I go intoa store now, I have so much sympathy, because Iknow how hard it is!”
That same thoughtful intensity infuses every-thing she does, from tutoring at the BerkshireFarm for Boys to teaching in the Urban Scholarsprogram, which gives students from greater NewYork a two-week summer plunge into Shakespeareat Williams. At the Berkshire Farm, Estelitareports, “I worked with these wonderful youngmen, but some of them were struggling witheven third-grade arithmetic. You just realize thecritical importance of fundamental education —and how cumulative life is.” Sometimes, ofcourse, it’s cumulative in a good way: One ofEstelita’s Urban Scholars mentees started atWilliams this year.
Estelita Nimoh-Boateng ’05
“I really learned what it was like to work: to be
a busser, a waitress, a manager, to struggle to
maintain inventory, to give directions and have
them not be followed.”
C H A I R M A N , S T. PA U L T R AV E L E R S C O M PA N I E S ; C H A I R , E X E C U T I V E C O M M I T T E E
O F T H E B OA R D O F T R U S T E E S ; C O - C H A I R , T H E W I L L I A M S C A M PA I G N
We don’t call it “Climb Far” for nothing. Welaunched The Williams Campaign last fall withnearly $160 million in advance commitments.Since then, alumni, parents, foundations, and corporations have committed an additional$76 to strengthen everything we value most in a Williams education.
As described elsewhere by President Morty Schapiro and
my fellow trustee Jack Wadsworth — and enlivened by the
vignettes of the exceptional students that encompass this
report — all these gifts are already hard at work, making an
essential difference inside and outside the Williams class-
room. Though the campaign’s ultimate success will depend
on truly extraordinary gifts such as those we’ve received
in support of the ’62 Center for Theatre and Dance, new
scholarships, new professorships, and strengthening Williams’ endowment, nine
of every ten Williams alumni are making their campaign gifts exclusively through
the Alumni Fund, and these unrestricted gifts have helped set the fast pace of
implementation for our strategic plan.
We have every reason to be pleased, proud, and above all grateful to so many
people who have joined The Williams Campaign in its critical early stages.
Nevertheless, we still have $164 million to go. Now begins the harder work of
reaching out to those who care deeply about Williams but may be less engaged
or simply at a greater distance from the College.
In the meantime, as one who gets to help decide how Williams will allocate this
immense generosity, I’m most grateful. On behalf of every Williams professor
and student who will benefit in countless ways from your efforts, I thank you for
what you’ve done, are doing, and will do for this great college.
Sincerely,
Bob Lipp
Chairman, St. Paul Travelers
Chair, Executive Committee of
the Board of Trustees
Co-Chair, The Williams Campaign
9
B O B L I P P ’ 6 0 T H E W I L L I A M S C A M PA I G N
FINANCIAL H IGHLIGHTS
C A M PA I G N P R O G R E S S
2004 was one for Williams Alumni Fund record books:
63 percent of all Williams alumni (the highest percent-
age in a decade) gave $8.1 million in Fiscal Year
2004 — by far the largest Alumni Fund gift ever and
$1.1 million, nearly 17 percent, more than last year.
That so many have given so much to the Alumni
Fund, which lies at the heart of The Williams
Campaign, has enabled the College to move quickly
and decisively to implement an ambitious strategic
plan and realize a bold vision for the College’s future.
We now have reason to hope that the Alumni Fund’s
five-year Williams Campaign goal of $56 million can
be achieved by 2008. With that milestone, thousands
of Williams Alumni together will have contributed
what may well be The Williams Campaign’s largest gift.
To the more than 1,500 Alumni Fund volunteers who
worked so hard to make this a banner year — and to the
14,000 alumni who answered their call — we thank you.
Tom Balderston ’78
Williams Alumni Fund Chair
Mr. Michael E. Reed ’75
Silver Spring, MD
Mr. Steven S. Rogers ’79
Evanston, IL
Dr. Lucienne S. Sanchez ’79
Weston, MA
Mr. Robert G. Scott ’68
New York, NY
Mr. Brent E. Shay ’78
Boston, MA
Mr. William E. Simon, Jr. ’73
Los Angeles, CA
Ms. A. Clayton Spencer ’77
Cambridge, MA
Ms. Cecily E. Stone ’73
Armonk, NY
Ms. Laurie J. Thomsen ’79
Concord, MA
The Hon. Carl W. Vogt ’58
San Francisco, CA
Mr. John S. Wadsworth, Jr. ’61
San Francisco, CA
Mr. Peter M. Wege, II ’71
Sedona, AZ
Ms. JoAnn Muir
Secretary
Williamstown, MA
Mr. Morton Owen Schapiro
President of the College
Williamstown, MA
Mr. Robert I. Lipp ’60
Chair of the Executive
Committee, Hartford, CT
Ms. Barbara A. Austell ’75
Villanova, PA
Mr. Gregory M. Avis ’80
Palo Alto, CA
Ms. Janet H. Brown ’73
Washington, DC
Mr. E. David Coolidge, III ’65
Chicago, IL
Dr. Delos M. Cosgrove, III ’62
Cleveland, OH
Mr. Paul S. Grogan ’72
Boston, MA
Mr. Stephen Harty ’73
Irvington, NY
Mr. Michael B. Keating ’62
Boston, MA
Mr. Jonathan A. Kraft ’86
Foxboro, MA
Ms. Mary T. McTernan ’76
Swarthmore, PA
Mr. Paul Neely ’68
Chattanooga, TN
Williams College Board of Trustees 2004–2005
ALUMNI FUND
$56 MILLION
Unrestricted annual gifts
from alumni, parents, and
friends support all of the
campaign objectives below.
CURRICULAR INNOVATION
$201.5 MILLION
Curricular Development
$24,000,000
An Expanded Faculty
$62,500,000
The Stetson/Sawyer Project
$75,000,000
’62 Center for Theatre
and Dance
$40,000,000
STUDENT LIFE
$142.5 MILLION
Need-based Scholarships
$90,000,000
Residential Life Initiatives
$16,500,000
A New Student Center
$36,000,000
TOTAL
$400,000,000
Williams CampaignStrategic Initiatives and Goals
10
A Message from Tom Balderston
GIFTS AND PLEDGES AS OF DECEMBER 1 , 2004
MULTI -YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTALS
Class Year Alumni Fund Total Capital Deferred Gifts Grand Total
1900 $ - $ - $ 16,008,737 $ 16,008,737
1906 - 3,700 - 3,700
1907 - 142,773 - 142,773
1910 - 5,000 - 5,000
1913 200 21,743 - 21,943
1914 - 255,000 - 255,000
1917 - 1,727 - 1,727
1918 - 10,205 - 10,205
1920 100 - - 100
1924 190 497,000 274,573 771,763
1925 150 195,000 - 195,150
1926 550 163,564 3,051 167,166
1927 525 60,060 - 60,585
1928 3,525 25,000 - 28,525
1929 3,420 61,520 - 64,940
1930 7,641 898,775 20,102 926,518
1931 16,641 2,866,629 - 2,883,270
1932 27,085 10,464 9 37,558
1933 33,451 5,003 - 38,454
1934 26,447 4,150 - 30,597
1935 54,137 136,643 - 190,780
1936 39,920 39,895 - 79,815
1937 31,228 15,042 220,000 266,2670
1938 71,629 368,413 201,039 641,081
1939 31,514 56,593 44,648 132,754
1940 36,738 1,080,728 49,020 1,166,486
1941 135,763 987,446 127,433 1,250,642
1942 175,4789 62,375 25,000 262,854
1943 107,249 103,989 1,676,136 1,887,374
1944 121,066 194,929 128,935 444,929
1945 90,890 20,929 2,059 113,878
1946 67,480 35,736 - 103,217
1947 43,825 1,469,731 - 1,513,556
1948 128,203 492,332 668,388 1,288,923
1949 109,592 439,580 52,660 601,833
1950 259,416 5,448,647 508,133 6,216,196
1951 236,006 919,495 193,265 1,348,766
1952 198,598 2,356,303 1,022,372 3,577,272
1953 531,582 3,625,249 1,782,228 5,939,059
1954 794,871 6,499,512 7,781,418 15,075,802
1955 321,449 426,988 2,627,602 3,376,039
1956 211,564 538,450 123,865 873,879
1957 183,341 45,63 217,693 446,665
1958 266,944 206,779 833,782 1,307,505
1959 262,086 725,980 - 988,067
1960 1,260,664 17,530,391 12,500,000 31,291,055
1961 317,540 1,629,658 5,269,555 7,216,753
1962 296,117 21,843,935 1,209,175 23,349,227
1963 254,984 1,511,880 15,000 1,781,864
1964 768,264 1,115,628 509,684 2,393,576
1965 583,971 3,971,872 - 4,555,843
1966 217,223 523,161 - 740,383
1967 180,823 613,321 - 794,143
1968 719,074 4,496,789 - 5,215,862
1969 221,005 766,336 - 987,341
1970 551,401 1,097,409 - 1,648,810
1971 348,928 559,919 - 908,846
1972 292,429 828,010 - 1,120,439
1973 480,217 713,732 - 1,193,949
1974 482,085 1,721,234 50,042 2,253,361
1975 787,352 7,234,755 4,000 8,026,107
1976 307,282 2,198,982 - 2,506,264
1977 1,023,561 2,250,348 635,000 3,908,910
1978 1,092,927 2,100,437 176,146 3,369,510
1979 1,485,342 3,049,281 52,654 4,587,277
1980 763,708 3,950,013 - 4,713,721
1981 441,351 2,898,765 - 3,340,116
1982 325,247 720,332 - 1,045,579
1983 417,799 543,162 - 960,961
1984 434,417 362,929 - 797,346
1985 495,752 48,231 - 543,983
1986 362,670 289,697 - 652,366
1987 197,224 206,563 - 403,788
1988 288,679 3,940 - 292,619
1989 281,779 60,948 - 342,726
1990 183,158 61,710 - 244,868
1991 119,113 19,263 - 138,376
1992 156,591 79,765 - 236,356
1993 183,978 12,485 - 196,463
1994 154,720 205,185 - 359,905
1995 39,482 1,580 - 41,062
1996 43,131 7,985 - 51,116
1997 47,001 5,645 - 52,646
1998 27,218 4,535 - 31,753
1999 28,786 2,708 - 31,494
2000 26,461 5,555 - 32,016
2001 41,638 2,843 - 44,481
2002 14,276 1,565 - 15,841
2003 7,027 8,016 - 15,043
2004 4,049 823 - 4,872
Alumni Total** $21,386,938 $116,786,029 $55,013,404 $ 193,186,371
Parents $ 2,141,426 $ 9,244,325 $ 104,720 $ 11,490,471
Friends $ 67,710 $ 21,096,652 $ 2,128,726 $ 23,293,088
Corp/Foundations $ 1,254,046 $ 6,327,115 $ - $ 7,581,16
Grand Total $24,850,120 $ 153,454,121 $57,246,849 $235,551,091
*Includes realized bequests
**Includes Honorary Alumni
*
HOW ARE WE DOING FINANCIALLY?
Williams enjoys one of the strongest financialpositions of any institution of higher education.The accompanying table (Figure 1) shows ourendowment per student and how it compareswith our select group of peer institutions. Alarge endowment per student means we can ded-icate to each student the necessary resources toprovide the best liberal arts education possible.Our current spending rate from the endowmentgenerates approximately $25,000 per year perstudent — this plus additional funding throughprograms like the Alumni Fund and ParentsFund equal the “financial aid” that every studentat Williams College receives, even those who payfull tuition.
The Williams College endowment had a positive return of 17.8 per-
cent for the 12 months ended June 30, 2004, and a cumulative
182.3 percent over the past 10 years (or an average annual com-
pound return of 12.2 percent.) The endowment benefited from
two things: improved financial markets (a welcome change) and
strong performances from its money managers (something we
have almost started to take for granted!).
Our 2004 return compares favorably to the return of our custom index, which
includes returns of all relevant asset classes, of 13.9 percent, and to the S&P 500
Index. The endowment is invested across a spectrum of asset classes to achieve
good returns while diversifying our risks. Our largest commitments are, in order,
investments in stocks, bonds, hedge funds, private equity partnerships that
invest in venture capital or buyouts, and real estate partnerships. While we are
pleased with our return for fiscal year 2004, we don’t rely on these years of
outsize returns, and we continue to manage all resources and our spending in
a conservative manner.
Our financial strength derives from three sources: the financial support of alumni, parents,and friends; careful financial stewardship; and successful investing strategies. I’ll address ourinvesting approach and record. Figure 2 showsthe investment return of the endowment over the past ten years vs. the performance of the S&P 500 Index and NASDAQ CompositeIndex. As you can see, the Williams Collegeendowment has outperformed both indices andwith less volatility. This lower volatility is prima-rily due to careful diversification across assetclasses and among managers within asset classes.Our money managers have been so successfulover the past few years that many of them arenot currently accepting new clients. The successof our program is therefore hard, if not impossi-ble, for other schools to match.
11
VICE CHAIRMAN, WILL IAM BLAIR AND COMPANY; TRUSTEE OF THE COLLEGE
AND CHAIRMAN OF THE TRUSTEE F INANCE COMMITTEE
FIGURE 1 : ENDOWMENT PER STUDENT (JUNE 2003)
DAV E C O O L I D G E ’ 6 5 T H E W I L L I A M S C O L L E G E E N D OW M E N T
That said, we are not resting on our laurels — theFinance Committee continues to spend most ofits time seeking out outstanding investment man-agers in asset classes that we believe will enhanceour risk-adjusted returns. We have organized subcommittees of dedicated and knowledgeablealumni who assist the Finance Committee inthese efforts, and we are grateful for their efforts. I would like to thank Jim Moltz ’54, chair of the Committee for Publicly Traded Securities;Bill Simon ’73, who chairs the Real EstateCommittee and with Pete Kiernan ’75 co-chairsthe Special Strategies Committee (Hedge Funds);and Mike Eisenson ’77, chair of the Committeefor Private Equity Investments. Each of thesealumni, and their volunteer committees, contin-ues to serve Williams College with distinction,and each has helped shape the investment
FINANCIAL H IGHLIGHTS
$/S
TU
DE
NT
Williams Endowment Returns
S&P 500 Index
NASDAQ Composite Index
FIGURE 1 : ENDOWMENT PER STUDENT, JUNE 30, 2002
Williams’ fiscal year runs from July 1–June 30.
strategies that have produced strong returns andthe financial base for the College as it implementsits strategic plan.
HOW DID WE GET HERE?
Strong investment performance and disciplinedspending are important parts of the equation.Williams employs a “total return” strategy,expecting to earn, on average, 8 percent andtaking around 5 percent from the endowmenteach year to pay operating costs of the College.In years like the past one, when our perform-ance is particularly good, we “save” for thefuture, and in low-return or down years we dipinto our “savings” (as we did in fiscal years 2001and 2002).
The third and most essential part of the equa-tion is philanthropy. Our most important“assets” are alumni, parents, and friends ofWilliams at all levels of support who continue togenerously give their time and their money tothe College. Williams College simply would notbe what it is today without the gifts of alumni,parents, and friends who have always wantedWilliams to be even better today and tomorrow.
Figure 3 shows how much smaller our endow-ment would be today if we had stopped receivingnew gifts in 1954. Our high annual participationin the Alumni Fund and Parents Fund relievespressure on the endowment by providing a steadystream of money that the College can spendimmediately in ways that best suit the needs ofour students.
WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR STUDENTS?
Every gift, large or small, is important to The Williams Campaign. Campaign supportfrom alumni, parents, and friends, coupled withfinancial discipline and investing success, willmake our strategic plan a reality. The success of the strategic plan means each student todayand tomorrow, as with the students who pre-ceded them, can make the most of one of thebest liberal arts educations in the world.
Sincerely,
With New Gifts Included
Without Gifts
395
306292
12
FIGURE 2 : GROWTH OF ENDOWMENT VS . MARKET INDICES ( 1994 START FOR ALL 3 PORTFOLIOS IS SET TO 100)
Williams’ fiscal year runs from July 1–June 30.
($/
1,0
00
)
$1,056
$249
F IGURE 3 : ACTUAL ENDOWMENT VS . ENDOWMENT VALUE WITHOUT NEW GIFTS
HOW IS WILLIAMS SPENDING ITS MONEY?
At once aggressively and conservatively. (SeeFigure 1.) As in past years, Williams spent most of its operating resources directly on stu-dents, professors, and educational facilities. In2003–2004, a full 41 percent of the operatingbudget went exclusively to instruction, room andboard, and student services. Another 15 percentunderwrote Williams’ financial aid program, and 9 percent paid for our library, technology,and museum costs.
These core expenditures have risen over the pastfew years to fuel our strategic plan to renewMark Hopkins’ educational vision — a Williamseducation that equips our students to lead effec-tively in an increasingly complex and challengingworld. To realize the plan in its entirety — and to sustain these new commitments over the longterm — is the goal of The Williams Campaign.In the meantime, we’re paying keen attention to day-to-day expenditures to make sure theseimprovements are responsibly implemented andcan be sustained. Now that our investment in 30 new faculty positions is nearly complete, theCollege has committed to holding non-facultystaffing levels constant and holding growth innon-personnel expenses to a minimum.
THE ALUMNI FUND AND THE PARENTS FUND:
DRIVING THE STRATEGIC PLAN
GOAL $56 MILLION
The Williams Campaign’s cornerstone isincreased support for the Williams Alumni Fundand Parents Fund. Nine of every ten Williamsalumni are making their campaign gifts exclu-sively through the Alumni Fund. And allWilliams alumni and parents — including thosewho make major commitments for specific initiatives — are asked to support the campaignthrough more generous and consistent gifts tothe funds.
Why? For several excellent reasons. Underwritingroughly 6 percent of our annual operating budget,the Alumni Fund supports all of The WilliamsCampaign’s major objectives. We’ve been able tojump-start critical campaign initiatives — fromincreasing the number of professors to makingsubstantial student housing improvements —all because Alumni Fund and Parents Fund giftshave given us the financial flexibility to do so.Together these annual giving efforts have nowcontributed $24 million of The WilliamsCampaign’s current total. The sum of all AlumniFund and Parents Fund gifts now represent thelargest campaign gift to date.
I begin, as in previous years, with three cheers for Dave Coolidge ’65,
Chairman of the Trustee Finance Committee, whose leadership and
steady hand sustained Williams’ endowment through a tough stretch
in the market to end the past year with a remarkable 17.8 percent
return. I also thank the thousands of Williams alumni, parents, and
friends whose gifts made The Williams Campaign’s first year a strik-
ingly successful one. Unprecedented philanthropy — and Williams’
careful stewardship of that philanthropy— have enabled us to report early progress
in every major campaign objective presented below.
CURRICULAR INITIATIVES
& FACULTY SUPPORT
GOAL $86.5 MILLION
The initial surge of campaign support has alreadyenabled us to expand our faculty by 15 percent,resulting in many more classes with fewer than20 students. We’ve also increased the number of Oxford-inspired tutorials, with much of thatincrease aimed at students in their critical sophomore year. Additional curricular initiativesincluded new interdisciplinary programs andexperiential opportunities as well as new require-ments in writing and quantitative reasoning.
STUDENT LIFE INITIATIVES
GOAL $106.5 MILLION
Complementing these academic initiatives areefforts to enrich the Williams experience beyondthe classroom. Williams has embarked on a setof important student life initiatives that will provide students new opportunities for growth,encouraging them to challenge themselves — andone another — outside the classroom.
Extending Our Commitment
to Need-based Financial Aid
$90 Million
Excellent students from the broadest range ofbackgrounds are as important in educating eachother as are their great professors. Williamsselects these students from the largest possiblepool, which includes many who can’t afford topay full tuition. Williams is one of just a hand-ful of American colleges and universities thatadmits students strictly on a need-blind basisand meets 100 percent of demonstrated finan-cial need. In 2003 and 2004, 42 percent of ourstudents received financial aid, and we expectthat number to rise to 45 percent by the end ofthe campaign in 2008. At the same time, we’veincreased scholarship grants and minimized debt burdens for all students, particularly ourmost needy students.
Williams also has chosen to extend need-blindadmission to all qualifying international matricu-lants. While the proportion of international students remains steady at 6 percent of the totalstudent population, their academic credentialsare absolutely outstanding, and they come frommany more countries and cultures, enriching the Williams experience for all students.
Residential Life Initiatives
$16.5 Million
Thanks to early campaign support, the Collegenow has a director of campus life and four cam-pus life coordinators who provide professionalresources and training for all students who serveas upperclass residential staff, encouraging and
promoting additional learning opportunities forstudents outside the classroom. The CLCs, who are young staff members, are already mak-ing a difference in the quality of residential community life at Williams. Targeted improve-ments to specific student residences, includingMission Park and Prospect, will support thesenew programs.
NEW CAPITAL PROJECTS
GOAL $151 MILLION
Three major building projects will create environments where students and faculty can do their best work to realize the curricular and extracurricular goals outlined above.
’62 Center for Theatre and Dance
$40 Million
In April 2003, Williams broke ground for the’62 Center for Theatre and Dance. Designed by William Rawn, architect of Seiji Ozawa Hall at Tanglewood, this state-of-the-art facility will challenge Williams students and faculty in theatre and dance to create, experi-ment, and collaborate. The ’62 Center forTheatre and Dance is currently scheduled toopen for inaugural student performances this coming spring. For more information visitwww.williams.edu/home/construction/theatre/.
A New Student Center
$36 Million
President Schapiro describes this essential project,and the reasons why it’s a top Williams priority,in his essay beginning on page 1. For more infor-mation visit www.williams.edu/go/studentcenter/.
The Stetson-Sawyer Project
$75 Million
Stetson Hall and Sawyer Library share support of the humanities and social sciences. We plan to renew both in an efficient, inviting, integratedcomplex that will promote opportunities for collaborative study, provide space for libraryacquisitions, and encourage interaction amongstudents and professors across academic disci-plines. With campus-wide input — and inspiredsolutions from our architects, Bohlin CywinskiJackson — Stetson–Sawyer will become a thriving center for the humanities and social sciences at Williams. For more information visit www.williams.edu/go/stetsonsawyer/.
REVENUES TO SUPPORT THE OPERATING
BUDGET: FY 2003–2004
Strategic plan expenditures challenge us to main-tain prudent financial management. At the sametime, we are determined to increase strategicspending in key areas without burdening familieswith steep tuition hikes. Indeed, although we’re
13
J AC K WA D S WO R T H ’ 6 1 T H E W I L L I A M S C A M PA I G N
FINANCIAL H IGHLIGHTS
ADVISORY D IRECTOR, MORGAN STANLEY, AND PARTNER, MANITOU VENTURES ; TRUSTEE OF THE COLLEGE
AND CHAIRMAN OF THE TRUSTEE BUDGET AND F INANCIAL PLANNING COMMITTEE
Operating Expenditures ($1000s) Growth Rates
FY2001 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 % of Total 1-year 3-year
Undergraduate Instruction/Research $ 33,963 $ 36,900 $ 39,677 $ 41,469 31.3% 4.5% 6.9%
Scholarships & Fellowships $ 14,637 $ 16,119 $ 17,933 $ 19,401 14.7% 8.2% 9.8%
Student Room & Board $ 11,725 $ 11,781 $ 12,632 $ 13,099 9.9% 3.7% 3.8%
CORE ACTIVITIES $ 60,325 $64,800 $ 70,242 $ 73,969 55.9% 5.3% 7.0%
Buildings & Grounds $ 7,589 $ 7,944 $ 8,430 $ 8,522 6.4% 1.1% 3.9%
Administration $ 7,672 $ 7,951 $ 8,122 $ 8,709 6.6% 7.2% 4.3%
Technology $ 5,259 $ 5,879 $ 6,888 $ 6,685 5.1% -2.9% 8.3%
Alumni Relations & Development $ 4,871 $ 5,850 $ 6,260 $ 6,882 5.2% 9.9% 12.2%
Student Services $ 4,728 $ 5,284 $ 6,162 $ 6,623 5.0% 7.5% 11.9%
Athletics $ 4,449 $ 4,771 $ 5,056 $ 5,441 4.1% 7.6% 6.9%
Libraries $ 4,429 $ 4,660 $ 5,065 $ 5,241 4.0% 3.5% 5.8%
Auxiliaries $ 3,647 $ 4,020 $ 4,046 $ 3,430 2.6% -15.2% -2.0%
Graduate Programs $ 1,574 $ 1,898 $ 2,076 $ 2,232 1.7% 7.5% 12.3%
Museum $ 1,463 $ 1,585 $ 1,720 $ 1,900 1.4% 10.5% 9.1%
Security $ 1,196 $ 1,283 $ 1,360 $ 1,366 1.0% .4% 4.5%
Health Services $ 1,107 $ 1,214 $ 1,283 $ 1,295 1.0% .9% 5.4%
OTHER ACTIVITIES $ 47,984 $ 52,339 $ 56,468 $ 58,326 44.1% 3.3% 6.7%
TOTAL $108,309 $ 117,139 $126,710 $132,295 100.0% 4.4% 6.9%
*compounded annually
Note: Effective 2002–03; $1.8 million of B&G expenses reported outside of operating budget as capital renewal;
$1.8 million has been removed from B&G expenses in 1999–00, 2000–01, and 2001–02 to facilitate comparison
*
Capital Budget Expenditures ($1000s)
FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 5-yr Avg
Renovation, Repair and Adaptation $ 7,783 $ 8,315 $ 12,529 $ 13,450 $ 8,675 $ 10,150
New Construction $ 9,262 $ 7,810 $ 9,572 $ 21,645 $ 32,438 $ 16,152
TOTAL Spending $17,045 $ 16,125 $22,101 $35,095 $ 41,113 $ 26,303
on Capital Projects
FIGURE 2 : CAPITAL BUDGET EXPENDITURES FY 2000–2004
FY2002 FY2003 FY2004
Revenue % of Revenue % of Revenue % of
($1000s) Total ($1000s) Total ($1000s) Total
Student Charges $ 62,358 52% $ 64,895 51% $ 69,720 53%
Endowment Funds Made
Available to Operating Budget $ 31,711 27% $ 42,190 33% $ 40,622 31%
Alumni & Parents Funds $ 7,538 6% $ 8,179 6% $ 8,804 7%
Other Gifts & Grants $ 9,293 8% $ 7,413 6% $ 7,517 6%
Miscellaneous $ 7,107 6% $ 4,896 4% $ 5,931 4%
TOTAL $118,938 $126,835 $132,594
NOTE: Total gifts from all private sources equalled $40,108,496 in FY2002, $41,563,280 in FY2003 and $46,518,742 in FY2004.
FIGURE 3 : REVENUES TO SUPPORT THE OPERATING BUDGET FY 2002–2004
14
FIGURE 1 : OPERATING EXPENDITURES FY 2001–2004
holding steady now, over the past five years theCollege has reduced the share of student chargesin operating income from 62 percent to about53 percent.
We look to The Williams Campaign to secure the strategic plan’s success, and here we have goodreasons for optimism. Launched last Septemberwith $160 million in advance commitments, thecampaign has received an additional $76 millionin gifts, pledges, and grants from alumni, parents,friends, foundations, and corporations and now stands at $236 million toward its five-year,$400 million goal.
Alumni Fund and Parents Fund
The 2004 Alumni Fund’s total of $8.1 millionrepresented a 17 percent increase over the 2003Fund. Participation was 63.01 percent, the highest since 1989! The Parents Fund put in astrong 2004 showing with $700,300 in giftsfrom 34 percent of parents of undergraduatesand an impressive 583 parents of alumni.
50th and 25th Reunion Funds
With a total 50th Reunion Fund gift of $17.4 million, the Class of 1954 bested the previous record of $16.59 million set by theClass of 1950. And with a total 25th ReunionFund of $4.6 million, the Class of 1979 ranks#4 among 25th Reunion efforts (’75 holds therecord at $10.5 million.) The Class of ’79 setthe all-time record for any class with an AlumniFund total of $515,000.
Planned Giving
Life income gifts and realized bequests continueto be an important source of support for Williams.In FY 04 the College was the beneficiary of $5.7 million in bequests. Williams led our peersin new life income gifts, with $12 milliondonated through gift annuities, pooled incomefunds, and charitable trusts.
On June 11 the College inaugurated theEphraim Williams Society — a new bequest andplanned giving recognition group. The societywas launched with more than 1,300 chartermembers who have life income gift arrangementswith Williams or have notified the College thatthey plan to include it as a beneficiary of theirestates. Membership, which is open to everyone,includes alumni and honorary alumni from theclasses of 1917 through 2002 as well as faculty,staff, and Williamstown residents.
I close by thanking you for your unstinting support. The initiatives outlined here — and thevision to carry them through for present andfuture Williams students — wouldn’t be possiblewithout your assistance and your confidence inour stewardship of the College’s resources.
Sincerely,
PRESORTED
FIRST-CLASS MAIL
U.S. POSTAGE
PAID
N. READING, MA
PERMIT NO. 140
Williams College
Alumni Relations and Development
75 Park Street
Williamstown, MA 01267
Design: Plainspoke/Portsmouth, NH Photography: Kevin Kennefick Illustrations: Kevin Sprouls and Polshek Partnership Architects (renderings and floor plans)
“The Williams Campaign is allowing us to takeactive steps to enrich the Williams experienceoutside the classroom. Though this work is stillin its early stages, we are beginning to addressthe wonderful challenge of increasing the waysin which students serve each other as ‘professors’in this ‘second half’ of a Williams education.”
PRESIDENT MORTY SCHAPIRO