A religion followed by over 21% of the world’s population (1.5 billion people) who live by following the Qur’an and the example of their prophet, Muhammad. Islam = “peace, submission (to give in) to the will of God” -> RELIGION Muslim = “one who submits to the will of God” -> FOLLOWER What is Islam?
A religion followed by over 21% of the world’s population (1.5 billion people) who live by following the Qur’an and the example of their prophet, Muhammad.
Dec 18, 2015
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A religion followed by over 21% of the world’s population (1.5 billion people) who live by following the Qur’an and the example of their prophet, Muhammad.
Islam = “peace, submission (to give in) to the will of God” -> RELIGION
Muslim = “one who submits to the will of God” -> FOLLOWER
What is Islam?
How is Islam related to Judaism and Christianity? Belief in one God (monotheism)
– different names for Him
All are “Abrahamic Religions” that began in the Middle East
Share stories of the Old Testament/ Torah Muslims respect Christians and
Jews as “Peoples of the Book”
God
Yahweh
Allah
“Birthplace of Three Religions” Activity
Read the 2.2 article and answer questions #1 to #10 on the last page with your partner.
“Birthplace of Three Religions” Answers
1. monotheistic2. Abraham, Mesopotamia3. new, more than one4. a leader or savior5. False (still waiting)6. True (Jesus)7. Allah8. Muhammad9. Qur’an (Koran)10. Abraham, David, Moses
Who was Muhammad? Lived from 570 to 632 CE in
Saudi Arabia, near Mecca Prophet/founder of Islam - human, not
divine 610 CE: revelation begins (god speaks to
him) while he is praying in the mountains Muhammad shares God’s messages with
people in Mecca and becomes famous 622 CE: leaders in Mecca force Muhammad
to flee to Medina (this journey is called the Hijrah)
629 CE: Muhammad and his followers return and conquer Mecca
“Muhammad and the Koran” Video Activity
Answer the following questions while watching the video:
How do Muslims sometimes refer to Muhammad?
What did the voice Muhammad heard in the mountains tell him to do?
“Muhammad and the Koran” Video Answers
Answer the following questions while watching the video:
How do Muslims sometimes refer to Muhammad? “the Prophet” – he is too sacred/important
to use his name or draw pictures of him
What did the voice Muhammad heard in the mountains tell him to do? RECITE – tell others what God was telling
him
What is the Qur’an (Koran)? Holy book of Islam
Revealed to Muhammad by God through the angel, Gabriel
Written in Arabic by scribes after Muhammad’s life and put together as a whole about 20 years after Muhammad’s death
Qur’an = “recite”
Other holy books: Hadiths and Sunnah
The Five Pillars
1) Proclaim: “There is no God but the God (Allah)
and Muhammad is the prophet of God”2) Prayer, five times every day3) Give alms (money/aid) to the poor and
needy4) Fasting (no eating), sun-up to sun-down
during month of Ramadan5) Hajj – pilgrimage (religious journey) to
Mecca (at least once in a Muslim’s life)
5 Pillars Activity Break
Complete “The Five Pillars of Islam” on page 5 with a partner.Answers:1.F2.C, G3.A4.B, D5.E
What do Muslims believe in?
one, true God (Allah) angels the holy books the prophets = someone God speaks
through (Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Muhammad, etc.)
the Day of Judgment life after death (heaven and hell) God controls all that happens
Activity Break
Read “Origins of Islam: Abraham and the Ka’bah” and answer questions #11 and #12 on the last page.
Answers:11.Abraham12.The Ka’ba is important to Muslims
because they believe it was a sacred place for Abraham that Muhammad later came to and blessed for Islam.
What is the Ka’bah?
Located in the center of Mecca Built before the religion of Islam was
founded (said to have been built by Abraham and Ishmael as an altar to God)
Used by pre-Muslim Arabs for worship of their many gods (polytheism)
630 C.E.: reclaimed by Muhammad and dedicated to Allah
Center of Islam today– place of annual pilgrimage and direction of prayer for Muslims from all over the world
The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem
Other Holy Places
The Great Mosque in Mecca
(Ka’bah)
The Prophet’s Mosque in
Medina
Video BreakMuhammad’s Night Journey
Watch the video and answer the following question:“Why is Jerusalem and the Dome of the Rock important to Muslims?”
Video BreakMuhammad’s Night Journey
Watch the video and answer the following question:“Why is Jerusalem and the Dome of the Rock important to Muslims?”
Answer: It is the place where Muslims believe Muhammad rose to heaven.
What is a Mosque?
A place for prayer, study, socializing No shoes in prayer hall Women cover head, separate from men Room for cleaning before prayer Minarets: towers where the call to
prayer is made Prayer hall faces Mecca Imam: prayer leader
Listening Activity Break http://www.bbc.co.uk/southyorkshire/con
tent/articles/2008/06/12/sounds_of_faith_feature.shtml
Listen to a Muslim call to prayer. What language is the speaker
using?_________ How do other religions use chanting
or song?
Listening Activity Break Key
What language is the speaker using? Arabic
How do other religions use chanting or song? Prayer, worship, celebration, etc.
Holy Days
Ramadan - a month of daytime fasting, during the 9th month of the Islamic calendar, purpose is to bring one closer to God
Eid al-Fitr - at the end of Ramadan, Muslims celebrate "The Festival of Fast-Breaking"
Hajj - each year during the 12th month of the Islamic calendar, millions of Muslims make an annual pilgrimage to Mecca
Eid al-Adha - At the end of the annual pilgrimage, Muslims celebrate "The Festival of Sacrifice"
Who are Muslims?
More than one billion people throughout the world Outline the map on the next slide.
Two major groups (sects): Sunni: 80% in many locations throughout the
world Shi’ah: 15%, mostly in Iran
Difference is political - basic beliefs and practices are the same
Sufis are Muslim mystics
Color countries where the majority of people are Muslim (GREEN), and
circle the country with the most Muslims.
Indonesia
Sects of Islam Activity Break Read “Sunni and Shi’ah Islam” and
“Sufism” and complete the Venn diagram.
Sunni Shi’ah
Sects of Islam Activity Key
Sunni Shi’ah
• thought Abu Bakr was Muhammad’s successor
• 90% of Muslims are Sunni
• name means “the path shown by Muhammad”
• thought Muhammad’s cousin was his successor
• dominant in Iran• followers called
Shi’ites• emphasis on
suffering for your faith
share views on Qur’an,
Muhammad, God, and worship(differ in practice)
Muslim Stereotypes
1. All Muslims are Arabs.2. Muslims are violent and promote
terrorism.
Activity Break: Read “Islam and Stereotypes” and answer questions #13 and #14 on the last page.
Muslim Stereotypes Answers
13.All Muslims are Arabs. Not all Muslims are Arab and not all Arabs are Muslim. The largest Muslim populated country is Indonesia, where a majority of people would be of Indonesian decent, not Arab. Muslims come from many countries all over the world today.
14.Muslims are violent and promote terrorism.Terrorist groups in Islam are extreme or fundamental groups and do not represent the majority of Muslim groups who consider Islam a religion of peace. The media helps portray this stereotype since violence receives more media coverage.
What about Jihad?“Struggle” not “Holy War”
The inner struggle a person has to live a good life is called Jihad. For many Muslims, it includes the holy duty to try to win others over to Islam by setting a good example.
Extremists: misuse Jihad to justify violence
Violence and Jihad Video Break
Watch and answer the following question: When did Muhammad say it was alright to
fight to defend yourself.
What does the Qur’an say about killing?
Are Muslim terrorists following Islamic law when they kill innocent civilians?__________
Violence and Jihad Video Answers
When did Muhammad say it was alright to fight to defend yourself. When you are PERSECUTED, meaning harassed or
hurt because of your religion.
What does the Qur’an say about killing? The Qur’an says killing is ALWAYS bad, but if
necessary to defend your self only , you may inadvertently kill someone
Are Muslim terrorists following Islamic law when they kill innocent civilians? NO
What about women in Islam? Supposed to act and dress
modestly and be protected by men
Hijab: veil, differs from culture to culture
Burkha: heavy cover /veil not a religious requirement
Video Break Watch the video and answer the
questions: Why do many Muslim women wear
the hijab?
Why did Nadia’s dad try to persuade her NOT to wear hijab?
Muhammad and Women
Video Answers Why do many Muslim women wear the
hijab? As a sign of modesty and a symbol of their
religion.
Why did Nadia’s dad try to persuade her NOT to wear hijab? He was afraid people would stereotype and
persecute her for choosing to wear the hijab. She has faced persecution before.
Muhammad and Women
Resources:
Jannah.org http://www.jannah.org/ World Assembly of Muslim Youth
http://www.wamy.co.uk/ Discover Islam Online http://www.discover-islam-
online.com/ (posters)
PBS Documentaries: Islam: Empire of Faith http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/ Muhammad: Legacy of a Prophet
http://www.pbs.org/muhammad/ Muslims (Frontline):
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/muslims/
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