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1. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 0 Introduction to Visual
Selection
2. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 1 A PRIMER IN DATA VISUALIZATION
How to effectively communicate data Jordan Goldmeier
[email protected] GoldmeierConsulting.com (614)
397-8832
3. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 2 What is Visual Perception?
Visual perception is the interpretation of processed information we
receive from the visual world.
4. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 3 Worse is contempt for our
audience, designing as if readers were obtuse and uncaring. In
fact, consumers of graphics are often more intelligent about the
information at hand than those who fabricate the data decoration.
And, no matter what, the operating moral premise of information
design should be that our readers are alert and caring; they may be
busy, eager to get on with it, but they are not stupid. Clarity and
simplicity are completely opposite simple-mindedness. Disrespect
for the audience will leak through, damaging communication. What
E.B. White said of writing is equally true for information design:
No one can write decently who distrustful of the readers
intelligence, or whose attitude is patronizing. Edward Tufte,
Envisioning Information Respecting your audiences intelligence
Worse is contempt for our audience, designing as if readers were
obtuse and uncaring. In fact, consumers of graphics are often more
intelligent about the information at hand than those who fabricate
the data decoration. And, no matter what, the operating moral
premise of information design should be that our readers are alert
and caring; they may be busy, eager to get on with it, but they are
not stupid. Clarity and simplicity are completely opposite
simple-mindedness. Disrespect for the audience will leak through,
damaging communication. What E.B. White said of writing is equally
true for information design: No one can write decently who
distrustful of the readers intelligence, or whose attitude is
patronizing. Edward Tufte, Envisioning Information
10. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 9 Case Study: The third
dimension Sales Yes No Maybe Yes No Maybe Yes No Maybe Which has
the larger proportion?
11. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 10 The third dimension (contd) 0
20 40 60 80 100 Rep 4Rep 3Rep 2Rep 1Rep 4Rep 3Rep 2Rep 1Rep 4Rep
3Rep 2Rep 1 Region ARegion BRegion C Product A Product B Product C
Which is better?
12. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 11 The third dimension
(contd)Which is better?
13. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 12 An example to snack on
14. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 13 What we can say so far Our
brains are receptive to certain type of patterns. We can use those
patterns to our advantage when presenting information. Connecting
the dots refers to our cognitive ability to link disparate
information. The phrase parallels how we consume, construct, and
interpret visual patterns. Visualization can help us gain a good
understanding of the data. We have a good understanding, we can
make good decisions. Bad, misleading, or short understandings
encourage misinformed decisions.
15. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 14 There are certain ideas we
can only see through data visualization
16. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 15 The lowest point was in April
The highest point is at the end of the series, but there was a peak
in June There appears to be some seasonality about every fourth
months, starting in January Visual Ideas (Contd)
18. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 17 Anscombes quartet R =
0.6665
19. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 18 Visualization Research (Part
1)Gestalt Laws of Grouping Similarity Proximity Closure Common
Grouping Continuation
20. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 19 Similarity Elements which
share similar characteristics like shape, color, or size will
perceived as being part of a group. How many groups of shapes do
you see?
21. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 20 Proximity Shapes that appear
closer together are perceived as their own groups. How many groups
of shapes do you see?
22. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 21 Proximity Continued
23. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 22 Misusing Proximity 45% 50%
Yes No Survey Respondants Yes/No responses by percent 51% 49% 45%
50% Yes No 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Yes No
24. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 23
25. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 24 Closure Closure allows us to
perceive shapes, or objects, as complete forms when enough
information about an object is already present.
28. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 27 Common Grouping Common
grouping concerns the minds ability to perceive connected objects
as single, uniform shapes. How many lines make up this shape?
29. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 28 Continuation Continuation
allows our minds to perceive continuation of overlapping shapes and
forms as being uninterrupted.
31. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 30 Visualization Research (Part
2)Preattentive Attributes Color Hue Intensity Spatial Length Width
Orientation Shape Size Curvature
32. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 31 Color Hue and IntensityHue
and intensity can create qualitative distinctions in quantitative
values. Hue can be useful to signify which projects may be high
risk, as in the chart below. The project with the darker hue
signifies that it has a higher associated risk than the other
projects being evaluated.
36. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 35 Width Position Values are
judged to be greater when they take up more area
37. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 36 Orientation Allows us to
quickly highlight categorical differences
38. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 37 THE PROBLEM WITH PIE CHARTS
Why you should prefer high precision graphics
39. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 38 Judging quantitative data
with high precision Spatial distance and length allow for a higher
degree of precision than any other of the other attributes Area
provides for some precision, but not much
40. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 39 The Problem with Pie Charts
Crackers Hot dogs Tator tots Grilled Cheese Tacos KFC Which slice
is greatest? Whats the value of each slice?
41. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 40 Lets look at this another way
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T TT TT TT
TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT TT
GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC GC
GC GC GC GC KFC KFC KFC KFC KFC KFC KFC KFC KFC KFC
42. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 41 Pie Charts (Contd) Crackers,
23 Hot dogs, 24 Tator tots, 25 Grilled Cheese, 26 Tacos, 29 KFC, 10
Crackers Hot dogs Tator tots Grilled Cheese Tacos KFC
43. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 42 Pie Charts (Contd) Crackers,
23 Hot dogs, 24 Tator tots, 25 Grilled Cheese, 26 Tacos, 29 KFC, 10
Is the pie chart necessary?
44. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 43 We gain precision when we use
the best preattentive attributes for the job 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 KFC
Crackers Hot dogs Tator tots Grilled Cheese Tacos
45. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 44 When should you use a pie
chart? Never
46. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 45 DATA LITERACY The qualities
of a good data analyst
47. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 46 How should we evaluate data
presented to us? What psychological, personal, or cultural biases
exist that would make us more or less receptive to the data
presented? What facts are missing from the presentation? What
assumptions have been made in the presentation of the data?
48. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 47 Kaiser Fung
http://junkcharts.typepad.com/
49. Goldmeier Consulting Slide 48 By David McCandless
http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations/mountains-out-of-molehills/