A Presentation on - UN ESCAP and waste water... · A Presentation on Sewerage and ... ENGINEERING. DEPT. OF INLAND WATER WAY. SIHANOUK VILLE PORT ... mg/L. Slope requirements is 1.25

A Presentation on

Sewerage and Wastewater Management in Cambodia

By: Long Chivina Deputy Office Chief of Planning and Technique , Department of

Sub-National Public Infrastructure and Engineering March 2014

INTRODUCTION General Information Organization Chart Status of water pollution of river, lakes and bays, including names of sources, rivers, lakes, and bays Present Status of Sewage Works Tentative Theme of Improvement Plan Objective and Goal Expectation

South-East of Asia- North connected by the Loas,the East to the Vietnam, the South-by the Golf Sea of Thai and the West- by the Thailand.

Land Area 181.035 Km2 .

Population : 13,388,910 (Population Cencus 2008)

The main religion is Buddhism.

Capitalcity : Phnom Penh

Total Number of Provinces and Municipality: 24

Urban Population: 2,614,440 (19.5%)

Annual Growth Rate: 1.54%

Average Size of Household: 4.7

General Information

ORGANIZATION CHART OF THE MINISTRY PUBLIC WORKS AND TRANSPORT

MINISTER

SECRETARY OF STATE

UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE

ADVISORS

GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF ADMINISTRATIVE

SERVICES

GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF TRANSPORT

GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF PUBLIC WORKS

GENERAL INSPECTORATE

24-MUNICIPAL &PROVINCIAL PUBLIC

WORKS AND TRANSPORT DEPARTMENTS

ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT

DEPARTMENT OF PERSONEL

HUMANRESOURCES

DEPT. OF ACCOUNTANT

&FINANCE

DEPT.OF PLANNING

DEPT. OF LAND TRANSPORT

DEPT. OF WATER TRANSPORT

DEPT. OF MARCHAND MARIINE

DEPT. OF ROADS

HAVY EQUIPMENT CENTER

PUBLIC WORKS RESEARCH CENTER

DEPT. OF SUBNATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND

ENGINEERING

DEPT. OF INLAND WATER WAY

SIHANOUK VILLE PORT

AUTHORITY

PHNOM PENH PORT

AUTHORITY

CAMBODIA SHIPPING AGENCY and BROKER

CAMSAB

ROYAL RAILWAY OF CAMBODIA

PUBLIC WORKS REGIONS

Department of Sub-National Public Infrastructure and Engineering

Office of Administration and

General Affairs

Office of Planning and Techniques

Office of Engineering

Office of Waste Water

Treatment System and

Flood Protection System

Office of Roads in Capitals,

Provinces, Cities and

Towns

Office of Environment and Public

Service System

ORGANIZATION CHART OF DEPARTMENT

Status of water pollution of river, lakes and bays, including names of sources, rivers, lakes, and bays

Sources of pollution

In Cambodia, land and water resources and their associated biota are considered to be major environmental concerns. Commercial forestry, agriculture and mining affect the country's surface water system along with the Mekong River upstream trans-boundary factors working through the regional surface water network and local rivers to affect the primary resources of the Tonle Sap Lake and its tributaries. Additionally, urban/town and industrial pollution sources, aquaculture, and mining contribute to water quality deterioration and affect the productivity of the inland fishery, which is also increasingly influenced by intensified commercial and artisanal fishing practices. Wastewater, sanitation and solid waste management are affecting the urban/town water environment as well.

Situation of Rivers , Lakes, Bays

River, Lakes and Bays water quality data from the Ministry of Environment has been available since 1999. The water quality indexes are compiled by the Ministry of Environment including pH, Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Fecal Coliform, and Total Suspended Solids (TSS), NO2, NO3, and PO4. The following figures indicate water quality in watercourses with high concentration of Fecal Coliform for a few months in a year where population density is high, and is compared to the National Water Quality Standard of the Ministry of Environment (Fecal Coliform <5000).

Climate information

Average annual rainfall in the lowland area around Tonle Sap Great Lake, annual rainfall ranges between 1,200 to 1,900 mm, average frequency of rainfall 265 time /year, maximum hourly rainfall 80 mm/hour and maximum 10 minute rainfall 120mm to 180mm. East of the Mekong River, rainfall generally averages between 1,500 to 3,000 mm.

Present Status of Sewage Works

Present status of sewerage and sanitation

Sewerage and Sanitation in Cambodia are very poorly because of financial and technical reason. Domestic wastewater and urban sewage are commonly collected by sewerage system and run off to drainage and retention pond/lake or wetland afterward for self-purification (through natural treatment process), and finally runs off to the main watercourse All sewerage and sanitation in Cambodia Cities are old that were constructed during France's colonial without maintenance or reconstructing even 30 year civil war. In the result, many Cities of Cambodia are flooded in the raining season.

Water Quality preservation :

Presently , there are no master plan, Law or Regular and exactly strategy to be developed in the field of waste water management. Therefore, since August, 2011 department of sub- National Infrastructure and Engineering was established where part of responsibility is waste water management at National Level under Ministry Public Works and Transports. Nowadays, Master Plan, Laws and Regulation are prepared by technical team in Department

Present status of sewerage system

Treatment plant

Example of Wastewater Treatment Plant and Sewerage System in Sihanoukville City

Project Area

Sewage collection system: 65.80 Km - 7.348 Km of trunk, - 6.126 Km of collector sewer lines - 42.165 Km of main lateral - 10.1 Km branch lateral lines for 3,344 service connections. The system covers an area about 221.5 ha and serves about 30,000 people partly in Sangkat 1,2 and 4 of Prah Sihanouk City, Prah Sihanouk Province plus 1,200 m3/day wastewater from brewery (CAMBREW). The System is Separate System . Sulfide generation about 300 mg/L BOD5 at 30oC, effective BOD5 of about 738 mg/L. Slope requirements is 1.25 times the values for and effective BOD5 of 500 mg/L. All sewer components be protected from sulfide related corrosion. The sludge is keep to dry on free surface area after that are collected out for the agriculture using.

Wastewater Treatment Process

Present Status of Sewage Works

The storm water Drainage System for all Cities in Cambodia are responding directly by provincial department public works and transport, and our department is working as coordinate at National Level. Most Cities in Cambodia were constructed in France's colonial. All infrastructures including drainage system are old and abandoned without reconstruction and maintenance during civil war. As the result, the cities suffer from habitual inundation and poor environment condition caused by stagnant waste and storm water in the lowland areas. Theses are serious constrains to the residents' living environment as well as social and economic development of the cities. The water need for the using about 178 l/person/day. But the drain capacity is about 250 person/ manhole.

Tentative Theme of Improvement Plan

Title : Waste Water Management

Current Situation and Background Water Treatment is new process for the Cambodia People. From 24 big Cities are just only 4 of them have treatment plant witch one of them is out of function. In the same time, the pollution from the people in the cities is increased every day especially used water is directly discharged to the stream, River or the Sea that is very influent to the Environment and people health. Therefore, Ministry of Public Work and Transport establishes the Department of Sub-national Infrastructure and Engineering to respond for coordinate and manage all kinds of waste water before discharge in to the streams, River and Sea, prepare some regulations, national sewage law for local authorities especially provincial department of public work for operation, because of now we have no regulation or guideline to protect water sheet for pollution of the people. To prepare this regulation, the management process of waste water need to be understood.

Objective and Goal

The main objective of this tentative theme is to produce emergency waste water Regulation and law for water environment protection.

Integrate Japan Experiences in the field management of waste water and new technology to Cambodia’s waste water regulation

Expectation

Component 2 :

1.Focused on providing support to APSARA regarding its internal procedures, the development of a hotel and cultural zone, the planning of tourism amenities, as well as limited beautification works of the Siem Reap river banks;

The total duration of the program w ill be 36 months. The

duration of civil work proper is expected to be 18 months.

AFD-Project (Continues)

WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN AND PROJECTS IN CAMBODIA

Thank You For Your Attention!