A Novel Frequency Selective Surface with Ultra-W ideband Polarization Selective Response Wan-lu Li, Guo-hui Yang, Tong Zhang, Qun Wu School of Electronics and Information Technology Harbin Institute of T echnologyNo. 92 Xidazhi Stree t Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China 15000 1 Abst rac t- A novel frequency selective surface (FSS) with ultra-wideband (UWB) polarization selective response is proposed, in which a unit cell consists of two metallic plane of a novel asymmetry pattern. Simulation results prove that the FSS can realize selectivity of waves of a certain polarization with the bandwidth more than 36.5%, and for different incident angles the bandwidth can be broader. Moreover, effects of parameters of the structure on transmission performances of the FSS are researched and conclusions are presented, which provides theoretical basis for practical application. I.INTRODUCTION Frequency selective surfaces (FSS) are planar periodic arrays of metal patches or slots that function as ltering elements for free-space radiation [1] ![4]. Their shape and dimensions as well as the substrate characteristics determine the performance of an FSS structure and they are selected and optimized according to different speci cations. FSSs are widely used as polarizers, space lters, subre"ectors in dual frequency antennas and as radomes for radar cross section (RCS) controlling [5]. One of the significant applications, polarizers, is by making use of a special characteristic of FSS #polarization selectivity. Based on this property polarization-selective ltering element can be made up and used in many fields, such as so-called ltennas combining an antenna with a ltering shield in a single unit [6], and it can be employed in quasi-optical systems requiring a separation of polarization, such as it is the case e.g., in polarimetric imaging radars and/or radiometers [7]. In this paper, a novel band-reject FSS with UWB polarization selective response is proposed. Simulation by CST Microwave Studio presents that for normal incident waves the bandwidth of polarization selectivity band is about 36.5%, while for oblique incident waves the bandwidth is wider . In addition, the bandwidth and starting frequencies of the polarization selectivity band can be adjusted by changing parameters of the structure, which proves the practicability of the proposed FSS. II.FSS STRCTURE AND ITS PERFORMANCES To realize a linear polarization selective surface, the structure is designed as Fig.1 shows. Unlike conventional FSS pattern, such as cross-line structure or rectangle str ucture, this pattern is designed to be asymmetry to realize the polarization selectivity. As Fig.1 shows, two metallic layers of the novel asymmetry pattern are placed on top and bottom side of the dielectric substrate. The pattern mainly consists of three semi-circles with a co-edged point. On the side of the radius, the semi-circles are cut by a triangle, of which the vertex is also the edge point of the semi-circles. Therefore, the connected part forms a large inductance, while the gap part forms a capacitance. Moreover, compared with single-circle structure, this multi-circle structure improves bandwidth of the FSS. Structure of the periodic array of the FSS is shown in Fig.2. To testify the polarization-selective performance of the proposed FSS, si mulation is conducted with all the parameters are defined as follows: thickness of the dielectric substrate h=2mm, relative dielectric constant of the substrate r=2.2, thickness of the metal strips t=0.2mm, outer radius of the semi-circles r=3mm, radius difference of the semi-circles y=d=0.3mm, apex angle of the cutting triangle !=45, and distance between adjacent two semi-circles g=0.3mm. Transmission performances of the FSS when illuminated by normal incident waves are shown in Fig.3.
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7/27/2019 A Novel Fss With Ultra-wideband Polarization Selective Response
F i g . 1 S t r u c t u r e o f t h e p r o p o s e d F S S
F i g . 2 S t r u c t u r e o f t h e p e r i o d i c a r r a y
F i g . 3 T r a n s m i s s i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s o f t h e F S S w h e n i l l u m i n a t e d b y n o r m a l
i n c i d e n t w a v e s
F r o m F i g . 3 i t c a n b e o b s e r v e d t h a t f o r T E - p o l a r i z e d w a v e s
t h e r e a r e t w o r e s o n a n t f r e q u e n c i e s b e t w e e n f r e q u e n c y b a n d s
0 - 1 5 G H z , a n d f o r t h e r e j e c t p e r f o r m a n c e b a n d o f w h i c h t h e
i m p e d a n c e i s m o r e t h a n 2 0 d B t h e b a n d i s f r o m 8 . 2 2 G H z t o
1 1 . 8 9 G H z , w i t h 3 . 6 7 G H z b a n d w i d t h . S i n c e i m p e d a n c e o f t h i s
b a n d f o r T M - p o l a r i z e d w a v e s i s n o m o r e t h a n 3 d B , t h i s
f r e q u e n c y b a n d p r e s e n t s g r e a t p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c . T h e r e f o r e , s i n c e t h e c e n t e r f r e q u e n c y o f t h e
p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y b a n d i s 1 0 . 0 5 5 G H z , i t c a n b e c o n c l u d e d
t h a t t h e b a n d w i d t h o f t h e F S S f o r n o r m a l i n c i d e n t w a v e s i s
a b o u t 3 6 . 5 0 % .
S i n c e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f a g r e a t F S S s h o u l d b e s t a b l e w i t h
r e s p e c t t o w a v e s o f d i f f e r e n t i n c i d e n t a n g l e s , s i m u l a t i o n f o r
w a v e s o f 3 0 ⁰ a n d 6 0 ⁰ i n c i d e n t a n g l e i s c o n d u c t e d a n d r e s u l t s
a r e p r e s e n t e d i n F i g . 4 . I t c a n b e o b s e r v e d t h a t w i t h t h e i n c r e a s e
o f i n c i d e n t a n g l e , s t a r t i n g f r e q u e n c y o f t h e p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y b a n d d e c r e a s e s , w h i l e e n d i n g f r e q u e n c y o f t h e b a n d
i n c r e a s e s . A s a r e s u l t , b a n d w i d t h o f t h e p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y
b a n d i n c r e a s e s . W h i l e f o r n o r m a l i n c i d e n t w a v e s t h e b a n d w i d t h
i s 3 6 . 5 0 % , f o r o b l i q u e i n c i d e n t w a v e s i t r i s e s u p t o 3 8 . 1 4 % a n d
4 5 . 9 6 % . T h u s , t h e F S S p r e s e n t s e x c e l l e n t p o l a r i z a t i o n
s e l e c t i v i t y c h a r a c t e r i s t i c f o r w a v e s o f d i f f e r e n t i n c i d e n t a n g l e s .
F i g . 4 T r a n s m i s s i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s o f t h e F S S w h e n i l l u m i n a t e d
b y w a v e s o f d i f f e r e n t i n c i d e n t a n g l e s
I I I . P A R A M E T E R S ’ E F F E C T S
A . O u t e r r a d i u s
S i n c e o u t e r r a d i u s d e t e r m i n e s t h e d i m e n s i o n o f t h e u n i t c e l l
o f t h e F S S , i t h a s a l a r g e e f f e c t o n i t s r e s o n a n t f r e q u e n c y a n d
b a n d w i d t h . T h e r e f o r e , w h i l e a l l t h e o t h e r p a r a m e t e r s a r e k e p t t o
b e t h e s a m e , t r a n s m i s s i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s o f t h e F S S w i t h
d i f f e r e n t o u t e r r a d i u s a r e s i m u l a t e d , a n d r e s u l t s a r e s h o w n i n
7/27/2019 A Novel Fss With Ultra-wideband Polarization Selective Response
F i g . 5 . I t c a n b e o b s e r v e d t h a t t h e i n c r e a s e o f o u t e r r a d i u s
r e s u l t s i n m i n i a t u r i z a t i o n o f b o t h o f t h e r e s o n a n t f r e q u e n c i e s ,
a n d t h e r e f o r e b o t h t h e s t a r t i n g f r e q u e n c y a n d e n d i n g f r e q u e n c y
o f t h e p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y b a n d a r e m i n i a t u r i z e d . I t c a n b e
o b s e r v e d t h a t w h i l e t h e o u t e r r a d i u s o f t h e F S S i n c r e a s e f r o m
2 . 5 m m t o 3 . 0 m m a n d 3 . 5 m m , s t a r t i n g f r e q u e n c y o f t h e
p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y b a n d c h a n g e s f r o m 1 0 . 0 7 G H z t o
8 . 2 2 G H z a n d 6 . 8 8 G H z , a n d e n d i n g f r e q u e n c y c h a n g e s f r o m
1 4 . 5 2 G H z t o 1 1 . 8 9 G H z a n d 9 . 9 5 G H z . H o w e v e r , t h e
b a n d w i d t h s f o r e a c h s i t u a t i o n a r e 3 6 . 1 9 % , 3 6 . 5 0 % a n d 3 6 . 4 8 % ,
w i t h r e a l l y l i m i t e d v a r i e t y . T h u s b y a d j u s t i n g t h e o u t e r r a d i u s
o f t h e F S S t h e s t a r t i n g a n d e n d i n g f r e q u e n c i e s o f t h e
p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y b a n d c a n b e m o d u l a t e d , w h i l e
b a n d w i d t h s t a y s t h e s a m e .
F i g . 5 T r a n s m i s s i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s o f t h e F S S s w i t h d i f f e r e n t o u t e r r a d i u s e s
w h e n i l l u m i n a t e d b y n o r m a l i n c i d e n t w a v e s
B . R a d i u s d i f f e r e n c e
T o i n v e s t i g a t e e f f e c t s o f r a d i u s d i f f e r e n c e o f t h e F S S ,
t r a n s m i s s i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s o f t h e F S S s w i t h d i f f e r e n t r a d i u s
d i f f e r e n c e s w h i l e k e e p i n g t h e o u t e r r a d i u s t h e s a m e i s
s i m u l a t e d a n d t h e r e s u l t s a r e p r e s e n t e d i n F i g . 6 . I t c a n b e
o b s e r v e d t h a t w i t h t h e i n c r e a s e o f r a d i u s d i f f e r e n c e , b o t h t h e
s t a r t i n g a n d t h e e n d i n g f r e q u e n c y o f t h e p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y
b a n d i n c r e a s e . S i m i l a r w i t h e f f e c t s o f o u t e r r a d i u s , b a n d w i d t h
o f t h e F S S d o e s n o t c h a n g e w i t h v a r i a t i o n o f r a d i u s d i f f e r e n c e .
F o r t h e F S S w i t h r a d i u s d i f f e r e n c e 0 . 3 m m , 0 . 4 m m a n d 0 . 5 m m ,
t h e b a n d w i d t h i s a b o u t 3 6 . 5 0 % , 3 6 . 4 7 % a n d 3 6 . 6 5 % . T h e r e f o r e
c h a n g i n g t h e r a d i u s d i f f e r e n c e c a n a l s o b e u s e d t o a d j u s t t h e
v a l u e s o f s t a r t i n g a n d e n d i n g f r e q u e n c i e s o f t h e F S S w h i l e
k e e p i n g t h e b a n d w i d t h t h e s a m e .
F i g . 6 T r a n s m i s s i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s o f t h e F S S s w i t h d i f f e r e n t r a d i u s d i f f e r e n c e s
w h e n i l l u m i n a t e d b y n o r m a l i n c i d e n t w a v e s
C . C u t t i n g a n g l e
S i n c e t h e a n g l e o f t h e c u t t i n g t r i a n g l e d i r e c t l y d e t e r m i n e s t h e
c u t t i n g l e n g t h o f e a c h s e m i - c i r c l e , a n d t h e r e f o r e d e t e r m i n e s
e q u i v a l e n t i n d u c t a n c e a n d c a p a c i t a n c e o f e a c h p a r t ,
t r a n s m i s s i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s o f t h e F S S w i t h d i f f e r e n t c u t t i n g
a n g l e i s r e s e a r c h e d , a n d r e s u l t s a r e s h o w n i n F i g . 7 . I t c a n b e
o b s e r v e d t h a t w i t h t h e i n c r e a s e o f c u t t i n g a n g l e , b o t h t h e
s t a r t i n g a n d e n d i n g f r e q u e n c i e s o f t h e p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y
b a n d a r e i n c r e a s e d . B u t u n l i k e t h e o t h e r t w o p a r a m e t e r s ’ e f f e c t s ,
c u t t i n g a n g l e s a l s o h a s e f f e c t s o n b a n d w i d t h o f t h e p o l a r i z a t i o n
s e l e c t i v i t y b a n d . W i t h t h e c u t t i n g a n g l e i n c r e a s e s f r o m 3 0 ⁰ t o
4 5 ⁰
a n d 6 0 ⁰
, t h e b a n d w i d t h i n c r e a s e s f r o m 3 1 . 3 4 % t o 3 6 . 5 0 % a n d 4 0 . 5 6 % . T h u s , b y i n c r e a s i n g t h e c u t t i n g a n g l e t h e
b a n d w i d t h o f t h e p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y b a n d c a n b e f u r t h e r
b r o a d e n e d .
F i g . 7 T r a n s m i s s i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s o f t h e F S S s w i t h d i f f e r e n t c u t t i n g a n g l e s
w h e n i l l u m i n a t e d b y n o r m a l i n c i d e n t w a v e s
7/27/2019 A Novel Fss With Ultra-wideband Polarization Selective Response
I n t h i s p a p e r , a n o v e l b a n d - r e j e c t F S S w i t h U W B
p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y r e s p o n s e i s p r o p o s e d . B y t h e u t i l i z a t i o n
o f t h e n o v e l p a t t e r n m o d i f i e d f r o m f r a c t a l s e m i - c i r c l e s t h e F S S
c a n r e a l i z e a w i d e p o l a r i z a t i o n s e l e c t i v i t y b a n d w i t h t h e
b a n d w i d t h m o r e t h a n 3 6 . 5 % f o r n o r m a l i n c i d e n t w a v e s , a n d f o r o b l i q u e t h e b a n d w i d t h i s b r o a d e r . I n a d d i t i o n , b o t h t h e s t a r t i n g
a n d e n d i n g f r e q u e n c i e s a n d b a n d w i d t h o f t h e F S S c a n b e
a d j u s t e d b y m o d u l a t i n g t h e t h r e e p a r a m e t e r s o f t h e s t r u c t u r e :
o u t e r r a d i u s , r a d i u s d i f f e r e n c e a n d c u t t i n g a n g l e . T h u s t h e
p r o p o s e d F S S h a s a p r o m i s i n g f u t u r e i n p r a c t i c a l a p p l i c a t i o n
f o r a n t e n n a a n d r a d a r s y s t e m s .
A C K N O W L E D G M E N T
T h e a u t h o r s w o u l d l i k e t o e x p r e s s t h e i r s i n c e r e g r a t i t u d e t o
C S T L t d . G e r m a n y , f o r p r o v i d i n g t h e C S T T r a i n i n g C e n t e r
( N o r t h e a s t C h i n a R e g i o n ) a t o u r u n i v e r s i t y w i t h a f r e e p a c k a g e
o f C S T M W S s o f t w a r e .
T h i s w o r k w a s s u p p o r t e d b y t h e N a t i o n a l N a t u r a l S c i e n c e
F o u n d a t i o n o f C h i n a u n d e r G r a n t 6 0 8 0 1 0 1 5 a n d 6 1 0 0 1 0 3 6 .
R E F E R E N C E S
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Y o r k : W i l e y I n t e r s c i e n c e , 2 0 0 0 .
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f r e q u e n c y s e l e c t i v e s u r f a c e s — A r e v i e w , ” P r o c . I E E E , v o l . 7 6 , D e c . 1 9 8 8 ,
p p . 1 5 9 3 – 1 6 1 5
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X i n C h e n , H o u X i n g Z h o u , a n d K e W u , T h e o r y a n d E x p e r i m e n t o f N o v e l
F r e q u e n c y S e l e c t i v e S u r f a c e B a s e d o n S u b s t r a t e I n t e g r a t e d W a v e g u i d e
T e c h n o l o g y , I E E E T r a n s a c t i o n s O n A n t e n n a s a n d P r o p a g a t i o n , v o l . 5 3 ,
n o . 1 2 , D E C E M B E R 2 0 0 5 , p p . 4 0 3 5 - 4 0 4 3
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1 8 – 3 3
[ 7 ] W i n k l e r , S . A . , H . W e i , e t a l . “ P o l a r i z a t i o n R o t a t i n g F r e q u e n c y S e l e c t i v e
S u r f a c e B a s e d o n S u b s t r a t e I n t e g r a t e d W a v e g u i d e T e c h n o l o g y . ”
A n t e n n a s a n d P r o p a g a t i o n , I E E E T r a n s a c t i o n s o n 5 8 ( 4 ) : 1 2 0 2 - 1 2 1 3 .