A national crisis the state of computer science and information technology in schools and future workforce projections

A National Crisis: The State of Computer Science and Information

Technology in Schools and Future Workforce

Projections

Joe Kmoch <[email protected]>

Milwaukee Public Schools

#NAFNext

Session Description This session will explore the trends in the

workforce for computing specialists as defined by the U.S. Department of Labor, and look at the pipeline to fill the nearly 1.5 million positions that will be coming available over the next six to eight years. Then we’ll look at approaches to deal with this problem along with resources available.

#NAFNext

Three Challenges The computing community in the US faces

three significant and interrelated challenges in maintaining a robust IT workforce

1. Underproduction2. Underrepresentation3. Lack of a presence in K-12 education

(Jan Cuny, NSF CS10K Initiative)

June 12, 2012

Overview

June 12, 2012

Snapshot: U.S. Employment through 2020

Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/.

June 12, 2012

Computing and mathematics is one of the

TOP 10 fastest growing major occupational groups 2010-2020.

150,000+ job openings in computing annually.

1 in every 2 STEM jobs will be in computing in 2020.

Quick Facts about Computing Jobs Though 2020

Sources: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. Educational levels are calculated from BLS Occupational Projections Data, Employment 2010-2020, available at http://data.bls.gov/oep/ and the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook 2010-2020, available at http://bls.gov/ooh/.

June 12, 2012

U.S. Employment through 2020How Computing Stacks Up To Healthcare

22% job growth ratein computing jobs, as comparable to

healthcare job growth rates 2010-2020.

51,000 projected shortfall in qualified health IT workers 2011-2015.

90% of physicians to use electronic health records by 2019 as a result of the federal HITECH Act of 2009.

* Healthcare practitioners and technicians

Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), HITECH Programs, http://www.healthit.gov. Congressional Budget Office, Analysis of HITECH Act of 2009.

Growth Rates

June 12, 2012

The Bright Future For Computing Jobs

June 12, 2012

Total Employment in STEM in 2020Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

* Subtotals do not equal 9.2 million due to rounding.

Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.

June 12, 2012

Where the STEM Jobs Will BeProjected Annual Growth of STEM Job Openings 2010-2020

* STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.

Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/.

June 12, 2012

Where the STEM Jobs Will BeAnnual STEM Degrees (2009) and Annual STEM Job Openings (2010-2020)

Sources: Degree data are calculated from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Science and Engineering Indicators 2012, available at http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind12/appendix.htm. Annual jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. STEM is defined here to include non-medical degrees and occupations.

June 12, 2012

Where the STEM Jobs Will BeTop 10 STEM Occupations by Total Employment in 2020

Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.

June 12, 2012

By the Numbers: Future Workforce(2010-2020 projections)

•Expected Growth in jobs is very high in CS/IT and Engineering

•CS/IT (us dept of labor: 15-1100)–2010 actual: 3,426,000 –2020 projected: 4,184,700

•Engineers (us dept of labor: 17-2000)–2010 actual: 1,519,000 –2020 projected: 1,679,400

June 12, 2012

By the Numbers: Future Workforce(2010-2020 projections)

•CS/IT, +22%, 758,800 new jobs–Software Developers & Programmers, +25% –Computer System Analysts, +22%–Database Sys Admins & Network Arch, +28%–Computer Support Specialists, +18%–Security Analyst, Web Dev, CS Res, others, +15%

•Engineers, +11%, 160,400 new jobs• http://www.bls.gov/emp/tables.htm

June 12, 2012

By the Numbers: Future Workforce(2010-2020 projections)

•CS/IT, 1366.2 (758.8 growth + 607.4 repl)–Software Dev & Prog, 493.9 (314.6 gr + 179.3 repl)

–Computer System Analysts, 222.5 (120.4 gr + 104.1 repl)

–DB Sys Admins & Network Arch, 207.9 (130.6 gr + 77.3 repl)

–Comp Support Specialists, 269.5 (110.0 gr + 159.5 repl)

–Security Analyst, Web Dev, CS Res, others, 172.5 (83.3 gr + 89.2 repl)

•Engineers, 526.0 (160.4 growth, 365.6 repl.)

June 12, 2012

Earnings Potential in Computing

June 12, 2012

Where the U.S. Jobs Will BeTop 10 Major Occupational Groups 2010-2020 and Average Salaries in May 2011

Sources: Jobs data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. Salary data are from BLS Occupational Employment Statistics, May 2011, available at http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm.

Major Occupational Group % Growth2010-2020

2011 Average Annual Salary

1 Healthcare Support Occupations 35% $27,370

2 Personal Care and Service Occupations 27% $24,620

3 Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations 26% $72,730

4 Community and Social Service Occupations 24% $43,830

5 Construction and Extraction Occupations 22% $44,630

6 Computer and Mathematical Occupations 22% $78,730

7 Business and Financial Operations Occupations 17% $68,740

8 Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations 16% $67,470

9 Education, Training, and Library Occupations 15% $50,870

10 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations 15% $33,200

June 12, 2012

Where the STEM Jobs Will BeProjected Growth of Selected STEM Jobs 2010-2020

STEM Job2010 Total Employmen

t

% Growth2010-2020

2011 Average Annual Salary

Engineering and Architectural Managers 176,800 9% $129,350

Computer and Information Systems Managers 307,900 18% $125,660

Aerospace Engineers 81,000 5% $103,870

Software Developers, Systems and Applications 913,100 30% $96,250

Biochemists and Biophysicists 25,100 31% $87,640

Civil Engineers 262,800 19% $82,710

Database Administrators 110,800 31% $77,350

Environmental Scientists 89,400 19% $68,810

Chemists 82,200 4% $74,780

Anthropologists and Archeologists 6,100 21% $59,040

Sources: Jobs data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. Salary data are from BLS Occupational Employment Statistics, May 2011, available at http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm. STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.

June 12, 2012

Pipeline of Talent in Computing

June 12, 2012

Higher Education Pipeline in Computing

Source: National Science Foundation, Science and Engineering Indicators 2012 and various years, available at http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind12/. Data are not available from 1999.

June 12, 2012

Higher Education Pipeline in ComputingCRA Taulbee Survey Results

Source: Computing Research Association, Taulbee Survey 2010-2011, available at http://www.cra.org/resources/taulbee/ (providing voluntary responses from Ph.D.-granting universities on new enrollments and degrees awarded in their undergraduate CS/CE programs.

June 12, 2012

High School Advanced PlacementExams 2011

Computer Science

Source: College Board, Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Data 2011, available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/data-reports-research/ap/data. Calculus represents the combined data of Calculus AB and BC. Physics represents the combined data of Physics B, C:Electricity and Magnetism, and C:Mechanics. Computer Science represents combined data of Computer Science A and B.

June 12, 2012

Source: College Board, Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Data 2011, available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/data-reports-research/ap/data. Calculus represents the combined data of Calculus AB and BC. Physics represents the combined data of Physics B, C:Electricity and Magnetism, and C:Mechanics. Computer Science represents combined data of Computer Science A and B.

High School Advanced PlacementExams 1997-2011

June 12, 2012

High School Advanced Placement Exams 2011

Source: College Board, Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Data 2011, available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/data-reports-research/ap/data. Calculus represents the combined data of Calculus AB and BC. Physics represents the combined data of Physics B, C:Electricity and Magnetism, and C:Mechanics. Computer Science represents combined data of Computer Science A and B.

Male Female

Computer Science

June 12, 2012

Conclusion

June 12, 2012

Conclusion• K-12 computer science education will open more

economic opportunities than any other subject for the 21st Century.

• The future is bright for students entering in this field or gaining this critical knowledge to apply to almost any field of employment.

• Jobs in computing are among the fastest growing of any profession and pay higher wages.

• Despite these opportunities, significant barriers exist to exposing students to computer science in K-12 and keeping them in the computing education pipeline

• We need to address the key issues:– Clarify the role and place for K-12 computer science education– Lift state standards and make courses “count”– Support computer science teachers– Address diversity issues

• We need to put computer science within the core of a student’s education

That’s nice data, but so what?

*Slide is from Ed Lazowska The instructional practices and assessments discussed or shown are not an endorsement by ACM or the U.S. Department of Education.

How did we get to where we’re at in K-12?

Perceptions of CS/IT job market Perceptions of the kind of jobs these are Budget cutting CS/IT courses deemed expendable, not required, not

mainstream Results of schools reacting to NCLB

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How did we get to this situation in K-12?

Lack of courses Lack of trained and interested teachers Lack of professional development opportunities Cost of teacher certification Need for development of a national curriculum

similar to PLTW (including courses, prof development, marketing)o focused more around computer science and computational thinking

29

What can we do? Get Involved...

Advocate for CS & IT

But how??? Learn about advocacy and advising

materials Use them in your classroom with students Talk with parents Talk with your principal and district

administrators Talk with current students Visit middle school students Develop workshops for pre-high school

students

Computing is the new literacy...the ability to make digital technology do whatever, within the possibly on wants it to do – to bend digital technology to one’s needs, purposes and will, just as in the present we bend words and images

--Marc Prensky, Edutopia, 1/13/2008

We want and need kids to be creators not just consumers of technology

Advocacy Small Group Activity Here’s a poster about computing careers

and a Guide for Policy Makers Pick one of them and get into small groups If you have a poster, design a classroom

lesson around the poster for appropriate age level (high school)

If you have the policy brochure, plan an advocacy event for a parents’ council or a school board meeting based on the brochure

Share results after 10-15 minutes

CSTA Both of these are from the CSTA. This is a group you should join (it’s free

for individuals) They have great resources available

“Imagine Your Future...” brochure activity

Read the brochure Imagine Your Future in Computing

In small groups, think about o how you could use this in your schoolo creating an activity in your classroom

We’ll share ideas in about 10 min

CSTA Chapters In order to build a network of computer

science teachers locally, you and your local friends should consider joining or starting one.

Here’s some information for you

CS Ed Week Starting in 2010, Computer Science

Education Week will always be held during the week containing December 9

This is the week of Grace Hopper’s birthday (December 9, 1906)

to recognize the critical role of computing in today’s society and the imperative to bolster computer science education at all levels. 

http://csedweek.org

NCWIT National Center for Women and

Information Technology K-12 Alliance produces many materials Award for Aspirations in Computing Counselor materials <ncwit.org/c4c> Many other readable resources about

computing, girls in computing, what courses should I be taking, best practices

NCWIT C4C materials Pathway Resources (handouts)o University, Two-year College, Militaryo Poster

Counselor Talking Points Computing Education and Future Jobs:

national, state and congressional district data <http://www.ncwit.org/edjobsmap>

Webinar, info sheet, upcoming slideshow

Computing in the Core Advocating for K-12 Computer Science

Education Coalition of associations, corporations,

scientific societies and other non-profits Advocate to elevate cs education to a core

academic subject in K-12 education ACM, CSTA, Google, IEEE Microsoft, NCWIT,

College Board, NCTM, NSTA, Oracle, SAS <http://www.computinginthecore.org>

Questions?

Thank you

Joe [email protected]://expandingcswisconsin.pbworks.com