V1.0 | 2019-03-11 Jan Großmann / Vector Informatik GmbH A modular HiL solution Testing of Automotive Ethernet Vector Testing Seminar 2019
V1.0 | 2019-03-11
Jan Großmann / Vector Informatik GmbH
A modular HiL solution Testing of Automotive EthernetVector Testing Seminar 2019
2
Communication Networks in Domain Centric E/E Architectures
Overview + Motivation
3
Communication Networks in Domain Centric E/E Architectures
Overview + Motivation
DiagnosisTester
PowertrainDomain Controller
BodyDomain Controller
ADASDomain Controller
InfotainmentDomain Controller
ChassisDomain Controller
Engine
Transmission
Battery Man.
ESC
Steering
Airbag
Doors
Seats
Lights
Radar
Camera
Lidar
HMI
HUD
Radio
HS-C
AN
Fle
xRay
/ H
S-C
AN
CAN
/ L
IN
Eth
ern
et
Eth
ern
et
/ M
OST
Ethernet
Ethernet
Dig
ital
Sensor
Car2X
Ethernet Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Central Gateway
4
Overview + Motivation
u Automotive Ethernet Testing
Summary
Agenda
5
DiagnosisTester
PowertrainDomain Controller
BodyDomain Controller
ADASDomain Controller
InfotainmentDomain Controller
ChassisDomain Controller
Engine
Transmission
Battery Man.
ESC
Steering
Airbag
Doors
Seats
Lights
Radar
Camera
Lidar
HMI
HUD
Radio
HS-C
AN
Fle
xRay
/ H
S-C
AN
CAN
/ L
IN
Eth
ern
et
Eth
ern
et
/ M
OST
Ethernet
Ethernet
Dig
ital
Sensor
Car2X
Ethernet Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet
Central Gateway
Fokus Ethernet: Fully Switched Network
Automotive Ethernet Testing
6
u All link partners in switched Ethernet networks have Point-To-Point connections
u All connected devices need one PHY per link partner multiple PHYs in switches
u Each Point-To-Point-connection must have a Master and a Slave PHY connected
u Each PHY in a switch can be configured individually as Master or Slave
MDI Media Dependent Interface
MII Media Independent Interface
Switched Ethernet Network Link Partners
Automotive Ethernet Testing
SwitchECU 1
PHY(Master)
MDI
µC
MII
PHY(Slave)
MDI
MII
PHY(Master)
MDI
MII
µC
ECU 2
PHY(Slave)
MDI
µC
MII
7
Automotive Ethernet Variants
Automotive Ethernet Testing
Switch
µC
ECU 1
100Base-T1Master PHY
µC
MII
100Base-T1Slave PHY
MDI
MMI
MDI
unshielded TP
100Base-T1 (aka OABR)
Coding / Decoding
Clock / Synchronisation
Data Rate
Characteristics
4B/3B, 3B/2T PAM3
Master-SlaveConfig. in PHY
100 MBit/s
Full DUPLEX
ECU 2
1000Base-T1Slave PHY
µC
MII
1000Base-T1Master PHY
MDI
MMI
MDI
unshielded TP
1000Base-T1
80B/381, 3B/2TPAM3
Master-SlaveConfig. in PHY
1000 MBit/s
Full DUPLEX
NRZI, 4B5BMLT-3
Sender keeps pathcontinous sync.
100 MBit/s
Full DUPLEX
ECU 4
1000Base-TSlave PHY
MDI
µC
MII
1000Base-TMaster PHY
MDI
MMI
1000Base-T
4x2 wires
4D-PAM58B1Q4
Master-Slaveroles negotiatable
1000 MBit/s
Full DUPLEX
ECU 3
100Base-TXMaster PHY
µC
MII
100Base-TXSlave PHY
MMI
MDI
MDI
Tx Rx
100Base-TX
12
Overview on Ethernet Testing Aspects
Automotive Ethernet Testing
Ethernet Layer2 Switch
MirrorPort
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
PHY-TAP-Unit
CH7 CH8
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
PHY-TAP-Unit
CH5 CH6
MAC-TAP-Unit MAC-TAP-Unit MAC-TAP-Unit
Packet generators
Monitor Filter
Event Handling
CH...
Statistics
PCI E
xpre
ss
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
PHY-TAP-Unit
CH1 CH2
13
Test Access Points (TAPs)
Automotive Ethernet Testing
Operation Modes
Stimulating TAP (MAC-TAP)
u Channels connected on MAC layer.
u Transmission of additional packets
u Generated by application (e.g. CANoe.Ethernet)
u generated by onboard traffic generators
Monitoring TAP (PHY-TAP)
u Direct PHY connection
u Low latency
u Constant latency
Ethernet Layer2-Switch
MAC-TAP Unit
PHY-TAPUnit
PHY
CH1 CH2
RX
MAC MAC
TX
PHY
RXTX
RXTX RX
TX
Partial Forwarding Filter
Ethernet Layer2-Switch
MAC-TAP Unit
PHY-TAPUnit
PHY
CH1 CH2
RX
MAC MAC
TX
PHY
RXTX
RXTX RX
TX
Partial Forwarding Filter
14
Focus on relevant Data: Monitor Filter
Automotive Ethernet Testing
Situation
u Data load in Ethernet networks can be very high,e.g. ADAS sensor raw data + control frames
u Only subset of Ethernet frames is relevant for typical test + simulation tasks, e.g. control frames
Approach
u Hardware based frame filter to reduce frame number
u Support of various protocol-parts
u MAC-address (source/destination)
u Ethertype
u Double tagged VLAN IDs
u IPv4-address (source/destination)
u IPv6-address (source/destination)
u TCP/UDP port
Ethernet Layer2 Switch
MirrorPort
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
PHY-TAP-Unit
CH7 CH8
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
PHY-TAP-Unit
CH5 CH6
MAC-TAP-Unit
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
PHY-TAP-Unit
CH1 CH2
MAC-TAP-Unit MAC-TAP-Unit
Packet generators
Monitor Filter
Event Handling
CH...
Statistics
PCI E
xpre
ss
15
Sensor
ECU
SWITCH
ETH Interface
ETH CH1
ETH CH2
ETH CH3
ETH CH4
ETH Logger
ECU
SWITCH
Sensor
byp
ass
byp
ass
Port Mirroring
Automotive Ethernet Testing
u Mirroring of incoming packets of selected source channels to a specific target channel
u Mirroring feature can be used e.g. to attach an Ethernet logger to the target channel
Ethernet Layer2 Switch
MirrorPort
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
PHY-TAP-Unit
CH7 CH8
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
PHY-TAP-Unit
CH5 CH6
MAC-TAP-Unit
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
PHY-TAP-Unit
CH1 CH2
MAC-TAP-Unit MAC-TAP-Unit
Packet generators
Monitor Filter
Event Handling
CH...
Statistics
PCI E
xpre
ss
16
Standardisation: OPEN Alliance Special Interest Group (SIG)
Automotive Ethernet Testing
Interoperability & Compliance Testsfor 100BASE-T1 PHYs
100BASE-T1 Ethernet Channel & Components
1000BASE-T1 CMC Requirements
Tools
Gap Identification
Common xMII Interface Definition
1000BASE-RH Gigabit Ethernet over Plastic-Optical-Fiber (GEPOF)
Automotive Ethernet ECU Test Specification
1000BASE-T1 Ethernet Channel & Components
Automotive Ethernet Sleep/Wake-Up
Ethernet switch requirements and qualification
Test specs for the compliance testing of future IEEE 1000BASE-T1… devices
TC1
TC2
TC3
TC4
TC5
TC6
TC7
TC8
TC9
TC10
TC11
TC12
http://www.opensig.org
17
Standardisation: OPEN Alliance Special Interest Group (SIG)
Automotive Ethernet Testing
Automotive Ethernet ECU Test Specification
TC8
http://www.opensig.org
u Shares requirements on Automotive Ethernet ECU testing
u Defines specifications applicable to all ECUs in an Automotive Ethernet network based on these shared requirements.
u Defines test process and supports the establishment of test houses that can perform the ECU tests
u Establishes regular audits of the test specification and the partner requirements to increase the communication quality of the Ethernet ECUs and network in an automotive system
18
TC8 Test Spec Example OABR_CABLE_01: Cable diagnostics for near and far end open
Automotive Ethernet Testing
Source: OPEN Alliance TC8 Automotive Ethernet ECU Test Specification v2.0
Test Steps
1. The DUT cable diagnostic feature is triggered. The DUT cable diagnostics has to be executed within terror
2. The test system creates a cable error for a defined time terror
3. After the wait time t the test system reads out all identified cable errors QC from the DUT
4. Repeat step 1 to 3 for all error combinations (alternately MDI+ and/or MDI- are open)
Test Goal
Ensure that the DUT’s cablediagnostic reliably detects an open of one or both of thebus lines
Test Setup forFar Open Test
19
> Log Files
> Test Reports
> Etc.
Test System CANoe + VT System
Automotive Ethernet Testing
System Under Test
Test Units
Network Interface
Network
CANoe
Simulation Kernel
Analysis
Test Execution
Engine
Diagnostics
APIs
VT System
u One tool for all development and testing tasks
u Easy automated testing
u Simulate and test ECU diagnostics
u Open environment: various APIs allow tool coupling
20
u 6 Automotive Ethernet channels on separate piggy board
u 2x 100BASE-TX/1000BASE-T channels on main board
u High precision time stamps for Ethernet frames
u Synchronization with multiple bus interfaces
u Hardware sync (1 µs accuracy)
u Ethernet Monitoring between two nodes
u Media conversion between 100BASE-TX/1000BASE-T and Automotive Ethernet channels
u Flexible, hardware based monitor filter
u Multiple, configurable Test Access Points (TAPs)
u Monitoring TAP: test mode with constant and very low latency with direct PHY connection
u Stimulation TAP: channel connection an MAC level. This allows transmission of additional packets
u Configurable layer2-switch operation mode
u Further Ethernet Interfaces available
VT6306 Ethernet Interface
Automotive Ethernet Testing
21
100BASE-T1piggy 1101
Automotive Ethernet Testing
u Piggy module for VT6306
u 6 Automotive Ethernet channels
for 100BASE-T1 networks
u Bus transceiver 6x NXP TJA1101
u Fault Injection
u Short cuts between signal lines
and to external potential (e.g. GND or Vbatt.)
u Variable signal damping on channels 1-3
u Range: 0Ω … 2555Ω
u Step width: 5Ω
22
internal bus bar 1
typically Vbatt/Gnd
internal bus bar 2
decade
resistor
bu
s b
ar
2
short
circuit
short
circuit t
o
Vb
att o
r gro
un
d
(bus b
ar
1)
ECU power
(bus bar 1)
bus bar 2
Vbatt
Gnd
swap relays
swap relays
1 of 6 channels
line
bre
aks
... ...... ...
Auto
motive
Eth
ern
et
Tra
nsceiv
er
100BASE-T1piggy 1101chan
ne
l 1-3
input or
output
ECU
VT6306
Ethernet Interface VT6306 – Principle Schematics
Automotive Ethernet Testing
23
u Point-To-Point connections instead of Bus network
u Service-oriented communication additionally to signal based communication
u No bitwise data transmission but symbols with several bits / symbol
u Link Partners (not single PHYs) have adresses: MAC adress in 6bytes e.g. 6E:BF:05:24:9A:CD)
u Level2 (switch level): MAC-adresses in local (vehicle) network
u Switch needs to know which MAC-Address is connected to which port: dynamic learning (each partner sends his address initially) vs. static configuration
u Different infos on the same physical networke.g. controller data + service oriented data + diagnosis + multimedia audio/video stream separation by virtual LANs, e.g. VLAN1 for SOME/IP, VLAN2 forDoIP etc.
u VLANs allow for priorisation / separation
u Level3 (router level) : IP-Addresses in distributed networks (CAR2X or Diagnosis) or even in vehicles (because of TCP and UDP on level5)
u Usage of IP addresses also to abstract from MAC addresses in case of ECU exchange
Why is it different to test Automotive Ethernet components ?
Automotive Ethernet Testing
24
u Overview on Automotive Ethernet: Basics + Variants
u Use Cases of Automotive Ethernet Testing
u Required Features for a suitable Test System
u OPEN Alliance SIG TC8 / Fault injection on Automotive Ethernet
u The Vector Solution for Automotive Ethernet
Summary
Thank you for your attention
Summary
25 © 2018. Vector Informatik GmbH. All rights reserved. Any distribution or copying is subject to prior written approval by Vector. V1.0 | 2019-03-11
Author:Dr.Heiner HildVector Germany
For more information about Vectorand our products please visit
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