A Mobile Sensor Network Using Autonomously Controlled Animals Yihan Li, Shivendra S. Panwar and Srinivas Burugupalli New York State Center for Advanced.

A Mobile Sensor Network Using

Autonomously Controlled Animals

Yihan Li, Shivendra S. Panwar and Srinivas Burugupalli

New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Telecommunications (CATT)

ECE Dept., Polytechnic University

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Autonomously Controlled Animals Achievements by Dr. John Chapin and his

group at SUNY Downstate Medical Center. Stimulate multiple brain regions of rats to

produce stimulus cues for various commanded movements and rewards to reinforce their movements.

Use wireless communication to deliver brain stimulation.

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A Mobile Bio-sensor

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A Mobile Bio-sensor Network

Remotely guided animals are ideal for search and rescue operations. Naturally adept at negotiating difficult 3D terrain

and traversing particular obstacles. Can be trained to detect and home in on specific

sensory targets. Applications

Natural disaster recovery Homeland security Military operations

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System Overview

The remote control center Receives and processes sensor data. Sends guidance command to animals.

Animals, carrying backpacks Microprocessor, wireless transceiver, Camera,

battery Limited weight (100 grams for a rat). Locally executed computation must be extremely

simple. Ad hoc network infrastructure.

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Task Allocation among Sensors Seeker

Trained to use olfactory and other senses to find a particular target.

Carries a camera and a low power wireless communication system.

Transmits sensor data at low power to nearby followers. Follower

Trained to closely follow a seeker everywhere. Processes sensor data (from a seeker) and transmits it at

higher power. Relays

Form a chain of repeaters between seeker/follower and the control center.

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Network Architecture

Unexplored

Space

Visualization of the search field

Explored Region

Command Center

Relay

Seeker/follower pair

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Technical Issues

Animal training and behavior modeling Sensor data processing and transmission Cooperative control of animal sensors Wireless communications Backpack development

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Wireless Communication

Challenges Harsh radio propagation environment Tight constraints on equipment size and weight Critical importance of battery energy conservation

Interrelated research areas Network topology design Radio propagation modeling Radio resources management Media access control techniques Routing algorithms

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Two Kinds of Messages

Sensor data Long Sent only from seekers to the control center

Control messages Short Sent frequently

between the control center and animals among group of animals

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Routing in the Bio-sensor Network Needs to be simple, efficient and reliable. Proposed routing scheme

Flooding for control messages. Location-aware routing for data messages. Under investigation. More work will be done

on design, performance simulation and analysis.

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Transport Protocol in the Bio-sensor network Will investigate

One-dimensional topology Multipath transmission

Delayed sensor data is still desirable for later review and backtracking. Will be cached for retransmission. Different from usual wireless network.

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Backpack Prototype Development An early version of the backpack prototype

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Devices Used in the Backpack Cerfcubes from Intrinsyc Software Axis 205 network camera from Axis Communi

cations NetGate EL-2511 MP Plus 802.11b miniPCI c

ard Antennas

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A Simple Network Using Fixed Routing

camera cube1 cube2Control center

x.x.1.1 1.2 2.1 2.2 3.1x.x.3.2

A screen shot of the video received by the

control center

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Future Work on Backpack Prototype Reduce the weight. Implement dynamic routing. Implement sensor data processing and

control schemes.

Thanks!