A Handoff Architecture with Relay Agent in Nested Mobile Networks 1 Jae Kul Lee, 2 Choong Seon Hong 1,2 School of Electronics and Information, Kyung Hee.

A Handoff Architecture with Relay Agent in Nested Mobile Networks

1Jae Kul Lee, 2Choong Seon Hong1,2 School of Electronics and Information, Kyung Hee University

Korea 449-701

[email protected], [email protected]

Introduction The evolution of information technology has enabled a

mobile object such as person, car, bus, train, airplane, or

ship to carry a plethora of information device

Although Mobile IPv6 can be considered as a solution for

the problem, it does not support in the situation

Routing is inefficient in nested mobile networks with

several subnets

This paper proposes an architecture and element to

support packet routing for mobile networks

Packet Format of the Binding Update

0 8 16 23

Option Type Option Length

A|H|R|D|P|Rervd Prefix Length Sequence Number

Lifetime

Sub-Options

Table 1. Binding update option format

0 8 16 23

Sub-Option Type Sub-Option Len Prefix Length

MONET Prefix

Table 2. MONET prefix sub-option

Operation of main components Correspondent node operation

Checks validity of binding updateCreates a new entry in binding cacheLooks for entry corresponding to the destination address

Home agent operationChecks validity of binding updateTunnels the packet to the CoA coincide with a prefix

Mobile router operationSends the prefix scope binding update to its HADecapsulates packet and send packet to the original

destinationSends prefix scope binding update to the original sender

Scenario of mobile network

::

CNStationary Network

HAMR1

FR

FR

FR

HAMR2

MR2

FRFR

Mobile Network(e.g., Train)

LFN1

LFN2

MR1Mobile

Network(e.g.,

Person)

Routing Table :Prefix2 -> MR2Prefix3 -> MR2

Binding Cache :MR2 -> CoAMR2

Prefix2 -> CoAMR2

Prefix3 -> CoAMR2

::

Routing Table :Prefix1 -> MR1

Binding Cache :MR1 -> CoAMR1

Prefix1 -> CoAMR1

(1)

(2)

(4 )

(3 )

(5 )

Figure 1. Traditional nested mobile network

Handoff within the nested mobile network

Figure 2. Handoff within the nested mobile network

CNStationary Network

HAMR1

FR

LFN1 LFN2

MR1

FR

MR2

FRFR

HAMR2

Mobile Network(e.g., Train)

:

Routing Table :

Prefix2 -> MR2Prefix3 -> MR2

Binding Cache :MR2 -> CoAMR2

Prefix2 -> CoAMR2

Prefix3 -> CoAMR2

:

Prefix 3Prefix 2

Routing Table :Prefix1 -> MR1

Binding Cache :MR1 -> CoAMR1

Prefix1 -> CoAMR1

Prefix 1

FR

Proposed Architecture

MRA(Mobile Relay Agent)

Role

Upon receiving a packet, the MRA set it’s address in this

packet and relays it to next MRA or destination

Manage cache to support for mobile node or networks

Assignment

MRA is dynamically assigned mobile router on the path

when mobile node or router sends Binding Update

massage to Home Agent

Operation scenario in proposed Architecture

CNStationary Network

HAMR1

FR

LFN1 LFN2

MTA1

FR

FR

MTA2

FRFR

HAMR2

Mobile Network(e.g., Train)

Mobile Network(e.g., Person)

:

Routing Table :Prefix2 -> MR2Prefix3 -> MR2

:

(3)

(4)

(5 )

(6 ) Prefix 1

Prefix 3Prefix 2Binding Cache :

MR1 -> CoAMTA1Prefix1 -> CoAMTA1

(1 )

Routing Table :Prefix1 -> MR1

Binding Cache :MR1 -> CoAMTA2Prefix1 -> CoAMTA2

(2)

Binding Cache :MR2 -> CoAMTA2Prefix2 ->

CoAMTA2Prefix3 ->

CoAMTA2

Figure 3. Scenario in nested mobile network with MRA

Handoff in proposed Architecture

CNStationary Network

HAMR1

FR

LFN1 LFN2

MRA1

FR

FR

MRA2

FRFR

HAMR2

Mobile Network(e.g., Train)

:

Routing Table :Prefix2 - > MR2Prefix3 - > MR2

:

Prefix 3Prefix 2Binding Cache :

MR1 - > CoAMTA1

Prefix1 - > CoAMTA1

Routing Table :Prefix1 - > MR1

Binding Cache :MR1 - > CoAMRA2

Prefix1 - > CoAMRA2

Binding Cache :MR2 - > CoAMRA2

Prefix2 - > CoAMRA2

Prefix3 - > CoAMRA2

Figure 4. Handoff within the nested mobile network

Simulation(1)

Figure 5. Response time of HTTP

Figure 6. Average of response time in the FTP download

Simulation(2)

Figure 8. End-to-end of Video conferenceFigure 7. Response time of DB Query

Conclusion This paper proposes MRA that supports route optimization

in the nested mobile network

Mobile IPv6 with MRA allows top-level Router on a mobile

network to directly communicate with CN

The simulation corresponding to response time of HTTP,

FTP, DB and end-to-end delay of video conference shows

that the proposed method is much better than the existing

one