A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 1 58 A Guide To Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance A Publication by The Restroom Association (Singapore) In Partnership with The National Environment Agency A Guide To Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance A Publication by the Restroom Association (Singapore) In Partnership with The National Environment Agency www.toilet.org.sg
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A Guide To · PDF fileA Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 3 Introduction In recent years, thanks to various publicity programmes, the issue of Public Toilets
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A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance1
58
A Guide To Better
Public Toilet
Design and Maintenance
A Publication by The Restroom Association (Singapore)
In Partnership with
The National Environment Agency
A Guide To Better
Public Toilet
Design and Maintenance
A Publication by the Restroom Association (Singapore)
In Partnership with
The National Environment Agency
www.toilet.org.sg
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 2
II) MAINTENANCE 2.1 Sequence of Cleaning 15 2.2 Schedule Cleaning 16 2.3 Timing and Frequency of Cleaning 16 2.4 Basic Equipment and Supplies 16 2.5 Correct Use of Cleaning Agents 17
2.6 Mechanical Ventilation System 17 2.7 Training 17 2.8 Performance-Based Contracts 17
III) USER EDUCATION 3.1 Persuading Users to do their part 18 3.2 Message Design 18 3.3 Message Placement 18
ILLUSTRATIONS 21 – 39
APPENDICES 40 – 55
SUGGESTED LAYOUT OF PUBLIC TOILETS 56 – 59
DO’S AND DON’TS IN DESIGNING TOILETS 60 – 69
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 70
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 3
Introduction
In recent years, thanks to various publicity programmes, the issue of Public Toilets
has evolved from being an embarrassing subject to one that is gaining widespread
awareness and discussion.
When we ask "Why is the Toilet Dirty?” we trace its origin to many diverse and inter-
related Toilet issues including Design, Behaviour, Public Health, Social
Graciousness, Cleaning Skills and Methods, Building Maintenance, Accessibility,
Setting Norms and Standards, Legislation, Research & Development, Technologies,
Public Education and Environmental issues such as Water.
These issues are also different in each kind of building e.g. a factory's toilet serves
different visitors than that of a shopping centre, or a school, a hospital, an office, a
coffee shop, etc.
The Toilet needs of a man are also different from a woman, a child, an elderly
person, an infant and different kinds of handicapped people like the visually
handicapped, blind, wheel-chair bound, etc. Furthermore, ethnic and cultural needs
also have to be addressed.
The first Guidebook for Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance was first
published in 1999. As an ongoing effort to update our knowledge base on the
subject, we are glad to bring you this second edition. As we continue to search for
answers to our Toilet issues, we hope you'll be able to use these information in your
design and maintenance, and offer our society a more predictably pleasant Toilet
environment for their next visit.
Thank you.
Jack Sim
President
Restroom Association (Singapore)
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 4
Definition of “A Well Designed Toilet”
Anyone, who has even been in an overcrowded or uncomfortable public toilet, will
value a good toilet design. The usual demands placed on a high-profile, high traffic
and heavily used facility requires extra thoughts for each process. A well-designed
public toilet has to be:
(a) Clean and dry
(b) Well ventilated
(c) Easy to maintain
(d) Carefully planned layout
(e) Handicap friendly
There are various types of toilets:
1. Public toilets provided by shopping centres, supermarkets, wet
Illustration 7.1: Suspended fitting for low voltage downlighting andhalogen uplighting with the option of twin feeds. All theelectrical components are built into the extrudedaluminium profile. Finish white, black, yellow, grey andred.
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 28
Illustration 8: Use of warm-colour lighting for general lighting.
Illustration 9: Wall hung urinals separated by modesty board.
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 29
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 30
Illustration 11: Adult height and child height urinal.
Illustration 11.1: Stainless steel grating over drainage .
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 31
Illustration 12: Wall hung WC with drum roll toilet paper dispenser.
Illustration 13: Wash basin of adequate size.
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 32
Illustration 14: Under counter wash basin.
Illustration 14.1: Under counter wash basin.
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 33
Illustration 15: Vanity top with back splash and apron edge.
Illustration 15.1: Vanity top with back splash and apron edge.
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 34
Illustration 16: Untouchable Square Conveniently sized receptacle offers maximum flexibility so that it can be used in virtually every area of your facility. No-touch lid funnels trash into container, keeping floor free of debris.
Illustration 17: Waste bin next to wash basin area.
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 35
Illustration 18:
1. Hand Drying System 2. Liquid Soap System 3. Personal Seats System - Controlled dispensing - No-clog pump - Single dispensing - Stub roll feature - Concentrated formula - Easy access knob - Refill outlet signal - Compact size - High capacity
Illustration 18:
4. Toilet Tissue System 5. Folded Towel Hand Drying System - Tissue access knob - Refill Indicator - Jumbo roll
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 36
Illustration 19: Diaper changing station (closed).
Illustration 19.1: Diaper changing station (opened).
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 37
Illustration 20: Toilet for the handicapped.
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 38
Illustration 21: Low level mechanical exhaust.
Illustration 21.1: Low level mechanical exhaust.
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 39
Illustration 22: Washroom Inspection Card.
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 40
APPENDIX I
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 41
APPENDIX I
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 42
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 43
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 44
APPENDIX II
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 45
APPENDIX II
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 46
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 47
APPENDIX III
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 48
APPENDIX III
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 49
APPENDIX IV
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 50
APPENDIX IV
LAYOUT OF SMALL-SIZED PUBLIC TOILET (COFFEESHOP)
PARTITION (OPTIONAL)
FLOOR TRAP
850M
IN
DOUBLE COMPARTMENT (MALE)
SANITIZERURINAL & URINAL
800M
IN
TOW EL DISPENSER
VANITY TOP
HAND DRYER/
LOW W ALL
1800MIN
1800
MIN
HAND DRYER/
DOUBLE COMPARTMENT (MALE)
1500
MIN
L ITTER BIN
TOW EL DISPENSER
800MIN850MIN
VANITY TOP
AIR FRESHERNER
W ALL-MOUNTEDFAN
DISPENSERLIQUID SOAP
LITTER BIN
LIQUID SOAPDISPENSER
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 51
LAYOUT OF SMALL-SIZED PUBLIC TOILET (COFFEESHOP)
1500
MIN
AIR FRESHERNER
FLOOR TRAP
LITTER BIN
SINGLE COMPARTMENT
800M
IN
800MIN
LOW WALL
TOWEL DISPENSERHAND DRYER/
VANITY TOP
LIQUID SOAPDISPENSER
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 52
TOWEL DISPENSER
LAYOUT OF MEDIUM-SIZED PUBLIC TOILET (COFFEESHOP)
1800MIN
850M
IN
FRESHERNER
MOUNTED
AIR
FAN
WALL-
FLOOR TRAP
VANITY TOP
HAND DRYER/
LITTER BIN
FEMALE
850M
IN
400MIN 700MIN
800MIN500MIN
SANITIZERURINAL & URINAL
MALEAIR
FRESHERNER
WALL-
FANMOUNTED
1800MIN
500MIN
LIQUID SOAPDISPENSER
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 53
APPENDIX V, VI, VII & VIII
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 54
APPENDIX V
APPENDIX VI
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 55
APPENDIX VII
APPENDIX VIII
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 56
SUGGESTED LAYOUT OFPUBLIC TOILETS
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 57
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 58
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 59
Holland Road Market Toilet
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 60
DO’S AND DON’TS INDESIGNING TOILETS
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 61
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 62
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 63
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 64
e. Air Freshener
e
c
db
a
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 65
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 66
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 67
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 68
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 69
A Guide to Better Public Toilet Design and Maintenance 70
The Restroom Association (Singapore), in partnership with The NationalEnvironment Agency wish to extend their warmest gratitude and appreciation tothe following professionals for contributing their expertise, time and efforttowards the publication of this revised guide.
Mr Teoh Hai Pin DirectorDP Architects Pte Ltd
Ms Constance Ann PrincipalDesigner/DirectorConstann Design Pte Ltd
PresidentSociety of InteriorDesigners, Singapore (SID)
Mr Loke Leong Seng Principal ArchitectID Architects
Mr Jin Sung ArchitectID Architects
Mr Chu Lik Ren ArchitectCLLA Architects
Ms Susana Lim ArchitectCLLA Architects
Mr Osman Bin Mohamed Project ManagerAngo Plumbing &Engineering Enterprises
And to Mr Yang Mee Loong, Mr Carl Wong, Mr Constantine Pikoulas and AssistantProfessor Su-Lin Gan for their contribution to the original publication.
We would like to thank the management of the following buildings for allowing us touse photographs of their public toilets as good examples in the book.
Ang Mo Kio Wet Market (Blk 724)Causeway PointGreat World CityPlaza SingapuraCentrepointOrchard PointOrchard ParagonTanjong Pagar MRT Station
We would also like to thank the following suppliers of toilet facilities and fittings for theuse of illustrations and photographs in the book.