Top Banner
A future global ODR A future global ODR system system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre ([email protected]) ICT Analysis Section Science, Technology and ICT Branch UNCTAD
21

A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre ([email protected]) ICT Analysis Section.

Dec 27, 2015

Download

Documents

Colin Lester
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

A future global ODR systemA future global ODR system A developing country perspective

Mrs. Cécile Barayre([email protected])

ICT Analysis Section Science, Technology and ICT Branch

UNCTAD

Page 2: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

2

Presentation outline

• Trends in worldwide ICT uptake • Trends in e-commerce development in

developing countries (DCs)• Legal infrastructure supporting e-commerce in

DCs: the role of UNCTAD• Challenges for ODR in DCs : the case of

cyberlegislation.org in India• Policy implications to promote ODR

Page 3: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

3

Trends in worldwide ICT development

Page 4: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

4

Global ICT developments 1997-2008

Source: ITU

Page 5: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

5

Technologies trends in DCs Mobile phones spreading, new applications emerging

• Mobile has become the most preferred ICT tool: o affordable, low operating costs and power

requirements/responds to an essential need of communication not supplied by landlines

• Continued growth in emerging economieso India: almost 100 million new subscriptions (Jan-July/09)

• New mobile applications emerging (e.g. m-banking, m-commerce)

• Strong interest in expanding mobile broadband

Page 6: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

6

Mobile growth continuesWorldwide subscriptions up to 4.6 billion in 2009

Source: Information Economy Report 2009, UNCTAD (UNCTAD based on ITU and national data )

Mobile subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, 2003-2008, by country Mobile subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, 2003-2008, by country groupgroup

Page 7: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

Internet users keep expandingNow 1.4 billion users; highest growth in the South

Internet users per 100 inhabitants, 2003-2008, by country groupInternet users per 100 inhabitants, 2003-2008, by country group

15% growth Worldwide in 2008

25% growth for developing countries

China has largest number of internet users (298 millions)

Source: Information Economy Report 2009, UNCTAD (UNCTAD based on ITU and national data )

Page 8: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

8

Widening divide in broadband connectivityNow 400 million fixed broadband subscribers

Broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, 2003-2008, by country groupBroadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, 2003-2008, by country group

8 times higher penetration in developed than in developing economies…

… >200 times higher than in LDCs

Source: Information Economy Report 2009, UNCTAD (UNCTAD based on ITU and national data )

Page 9: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

Trends in e-commerce in DCs

9

Page 10: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

10

Trends in e-commerce in DCsTowards m-commerce

• No data on the volume of e-commerce in DCs but a large share is B2B

• Mobile-based services: M-banking, M-commerce: o Cellbaazar, M-pesa, etc.

• E-government developing in many DCs, so are legal frameworks

Page 11: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

11

Obstacles to e-commerce&m-commerce in DCs

o Literacy; not so much an issue for m-commerceo Lack of supporting policies;o Availability, speed and cost of Internet access, low

computer penetration, lack of relevant mobile applications;

o Lack of payment and delivery facilities; o Lack of e-commerce culture o Lack of content in local languages.o Lack of trust, of legal framework, o Lack of knowledge on ODR procedures

Page 12: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

Legal infrastructure supporting e-commerce in DCs

12

Page 13: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

13

Role of UNCTADBuilding legal frameworks

• UNCTAD’s Program on ICT and Law Reform – Builds capacity of policy makers and legal practioners: distance learning and face-to-face training course on the Legal issues of e-commerce – Prepares comparative studies on regional harmonization of cyberlaws (Latin America, Central America)– Drafts and reviews cyberlaws

• Active in 26 DCs: Latin and Central America, East African Community and Cambodia and Lao PDR

• UNCTAD works in cooperation with UNCITRAL and regional institutions.

Page 14: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

Challenges for ODR in DCs

14

Page 15: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

15

ODR in developing countriesHas not really taken off

• Very few ODR providers in DCs, even less using SMS based mobile phone interactions

• Pioneers : China, Peru, India and Singapore• Challenges include: o adapt to new mobile platforms rather than computers; o develop relevant ODR applications and content in local

language; o create awareness and change culture.

Page 16: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

16

ODR in IndiaCyberarbitration.com

• Front runner in the implementation of ODR• Very few ODR providers• Cyberarbitration.com targets B2B but also B2C,

C2C, B2G and G2C; number issues arising pertaining to Intellectual Property Rights and their violations

• A limited increase in the number of cases since the beginning of arbitration

• An increase in the number of cases expected with the mobile Internet and mobile revolution

Page 17: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

17

ODR in IndiaCyberarbitration.com

• Challenges include: o slow adoption of computers and the online

environmento superficial penetration of computerso “Feel and touch” cultureo Lack of awareness about ODR mechanisms

among the relevant stakeholders

Page 18: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

Policy implications

18

Page 19: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

19

Policy Implications

• Educate and create awareness among merchants and consumers regarding the impact and increasing importance of ADR/ODR in resolving commercial disputes

• Ensure that national legislation recognizes the validity and enforceability of electronic transactions and facilitates the use of out-of-court dispute settlement schemes.

Page 20: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

20

Policy Implications

• Consider mobile devices platforms• Enhance cooperation and exchange with other

service providers• Promote voluntary adherence by e-businesses

to trustmark and reliability programmes • Give sufficient attention to cultural and linguistic

differences in providing ODR services

Page 21: A future global ODR system A future global ODR system A developing country perspective Mrs. Cécile Barayre (cecile.barayre@unctad.org) ICT Analysis Section.

21

The Information Economy Report 2009 Study on Prospects for cyberlaws harmonisation

in Latin America

Thank You!

Can be downloaded free of charge

on www.unctad.org