A. Atomic Mass A. Atomic Mass The average atomic mass is The average atomic mass is the number at the bottom the number at the bottom of each square of each square Found by averaging the Found by averaging the natural abundances of its natural abundances of its isotopes isotopes Atomic mass = # p Atomic mass = # p + + + n + n 0 0
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A. Atomic Mass The average atomic mass is the number at the bottom of each square The average atomic mass is the number at the bottom of each square Found.
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A. Atomic MassA. Atomic Mass
The average atomic mass is The average atomic mass is the number at the bottom of the number at the bottom of each squareeach square
Found by averaging the Found by averaging the natural abundances of its natural abundances of its isotopesisotopes
Atomic mass = # pAtomic mass = # p++ + n+ n00
B. IsotopesB. Isotopes
Atoms of the same element with Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers.different mass numbers.
Good Good conductorsconductors of heat and of heat and electricityelectricity
Found in Groups 1 & 2, middle of Found in Groups 1 & 2, middle of table in 3-12 and some on right side table in 3-12 and some on right side of tableof table
Have Have lusterluster, are , are ductileductile and and malleablemalleable
Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals
Group 1Group 1 Very reactiveVery reactive Form +1 ionsForm +1 ions CationsCations Examples: H, Li, NaExamples: H, Li, Na
Alkaline Earth MetalsAlkaline Earth Metals
Group 2Group 2 ReactiveReactive Form 2+ ionsForm 2+ ions CationsCations Examples: Be, Mg, Ca, etcExamples: Be, Mg, Ca, etc
Transition MetalsTransition Metals
Groups 3-12 on the Periodic TableGroups 3-12 on the Periodic Table Much less reactive than Alkali or Much less reactive than Alkali or
Alkaline Earth MetalsAlkaline Earth Metals Only 1 that is a liquid at room tempOnly 1 that is a liquid at room temp
Not good conductorsNot good conductors Found on right side of periodic table Found on right side of periodic table
– AND hydrogen– AND hydrogen Usually brittle solids or gasesUsually brittle solids or gases
HalogensHalogens
Group 17Group 17 Very reactiveVery reactive Form 1- ionsForm 1- ions AnionsAnions Examples: F, Cl, Br, etcExamples: F, Cl, Br, etc
Noble GasesNoble Gases
Group 18Group 18 Unreactive, inert, “noble”Unreactive, inert, “noble” Have a 0 charge, no ionsHave a 0 charge, no ions Examples: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, etcExamples: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, etc
MetalloidsMetalloids
Sometimes called semiconductorsSometimes called semiconductors Form the “stairstep” between metals Form the “stairstep” between metals
and nonmetalsand nonmetals Have properties of both metals and Have properties of both metals and