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Dr. Shahram
Yazdani
2
“Need" is a value judgement that some group has a problem that can (should) be addressed.
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Whose value judgement?
Normative need - an experts opinion, Felt need - client self-assessment, Expressed need -(behavior)- use or non-use of
services/facilities, Comparative need -relative to a reference or
peer group. Created need - determined by others and
accepted without question, desire or prior knowledge.
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Needs and Educational Programs
Needs DemandsEducational Programs
Health SystemUniversities of Medical Sciences
ProvidersStudents
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Curriculum Development
Problem Identification and General Needs Assessment
Needs Assessment ofTargeted Learner
Setting Goals andObjectives
Educational Strategies
Implementation
Evaluation and Feedback
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Problem Identification
The first step in designing a curriculum is to identify and characterize the health care problem that will be addressed by curriculum
How it is currently being addressed? And how it should be addressed?
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Problem identification
The difference between how the health care problem is currently being addressed and how should be addressed is called a general needs assessment
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The spectrum of community needs
Community Needs: Balanced Coverage
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Community Needs- Imbalanced CoverageOverlaps
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Service Gaps
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Community Needs: Different Approaches
Service Gap Analysis
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Task Overlap Analysis
Community Needs: Different Approaches
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General Needs Assessment
Having defined health care problem, the next task is to assess current efforts to address the problem.
The process of current approach to problem is referred to as “job analysis”.
Assessment of the job that is currently being done to deal with a problem.
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Job Analysis
Community Needs: Different Approaches
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Ideal Approach
Having determined the current approach to the problem, the next task is to determine the ideal approach to the problem referred to “task analysis”
Assessment of the specific tasks that need to be performed.
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Task Analysis Task analysis is a process that is
executed in order to better understand job tasks.
It involves breaking down the job tasks into their consecutive steps or component parts.
Once broken into parts, each element is analyzed to determine its relative importance and criticalness in terms of accomplishing the job task.
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Task Analysis
Community Needs: Different Approaches
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Midproviders
Generalists
Specialists
Subspecialists
Critical Band Analysis
Community Needs: Different Approaches
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Definitions
• Task: A Specific Operation• Position: A Group of Tasks Performed by
One Person• Job: A Group of Similar Positions in a
Single Organization• Occupation: A Group of Similar Jobs in
Various Organizations
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Service Gap
Service already assignedto a Job
Service not assignedto a Job yet
Service appropriate to the Job
Service not appropriate to the Job
Work Conditionsappropriate
Work Conditionsinappropriate
Providers competentto provide service
Providers incompetentto provide service
Revise Pregraduate and CME Curriculum
Workforce is enough
Workforce is not enough
Consider WorkforceRedistribution
Consider Training andEmployment of more
workforce
Change work conditions Assign the
service to the defined Job
Define a new Job
Service does notmatch to any of
defined Job
Service match to one of
defined Job
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Thank You !Any Question ?
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