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Fisiologi Sistem Reproduksi Pria Fisiologi Sistem Reproduksi Pria Mula Tarigan, S.Kp, M.Kes.
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9. Reproduksi Laki-laki

Oct 06, 2015

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Fisiologi SISTEM PENCERNAAN

FisiologiSistem Reproduksi Pria

Mula Tarigan, S.Kp, M.Kes.

PendahuluanThe purpose of the male and female reproductive systems is to continue the human species by the production of offspring.The cell division process of meiosis produces the gametessperm or egg cells.

Sistem Reproduksi Laki-laki

Sistem Reproduksi Laki-lakiTestis berada di dalam skrotum.Temperatur di dalam skrotum sekitar 96F (35,6C). Di dalam testis terdapat beberapa tubulus seminiferus, tempat terjadinya spermatogenesis.Di dalam tubulus seminiferus terdapat sel sertoli, yang menghasilkan hormon inhibin.Di luar tubulus seminiferus terdapat sel leydig (interstitial) yang menghasilkan hormon testosteron.

Sistem Reproduksi Laki-lakiEach of the two ejaculatory ducts receives sperm from the ductus deferens and the secretion of the seminal vesicle on its own side. Both ejaculatory ducts empty into the single urethra. The paired seminal vesicles secretion contains fructose to provide an energy source for sperm and is alkaline to enhance sperm motility.The duct of each seminal vesicle joins the ductus deferens on that side to form the ejaculatory duct.

Sistem Reproduksi Laki-lakiProstate gland secretes an alkaline fluid that helps maintain sperm motility.The smooth muscle of the prostate gland contracts during ejaculation to contribute to the expulsion of semen from the urethra. Cowpers glands (bulbourethral glands) secretes alkaline that coats the interior of the urethra just before ejaculation, which neutralizes any acidic urine that might be present.This alkaline is important because the cavity of the female vagina has an acidic pH created by the normal flora, the natural bacterial population of the vagina.

Semen consists of sperm and the secretions of the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands; its average pH is about 7.4. During ejaculation, approximately 2 to 4 mL of semen is expelled.Each milliliter of semen contains about 100 million sperm cells.Sistem Reproduksi Laki-laki

SpermatogenesisAdalah proses pembentukan sperma di dalam testis.

Spermatogenesis: Proses pembentukan sperma di dalam testis.Tubulus seminiferusSpermatozoa SpermatidSpermatositSpermatogoniumSertoli cellsJaringan interstisial Sel leydig Kapiler

Spermatogenesis

Struktur spermatozoa

SpermatogenesisMenghasilkan 200300 juta sperma per hari, secara terus-menerus.Terjadi di tubulus seminiferus testis.Sangat tergantung pada suhu: 32 C.

Sel sertoliSel yang mengatur perkembangan sperma.Mensekresi nutrisi, androgen-binding protein, dan inhibin.Mensekresi cairan untuk transport sperma.

Sel leydigMensekresi testosteron.Berada di luar tubulus seminiferus.

Hormon Reproduksi Laki-laki

(LH is also called ICSH, interstitial cell stimulating hormone.)

Hormon Reproduksi Laki-LakiFSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone):Menginisiasi pembentukan spermaLH (Luteinizing Hormone):Merangsang sekresi testosteronTestosteron:Meningkatkan maturasi sperma di tubulus seminiferus.Menginisiasi karakteristik seks sekunderPertumbuhan organ reproduksiPertumbuhan laringPertumbuhan bulu wajah dan tubuhMeningkatkan sintesis, terutama otot rangka

Hormon Reproduksi Laki-LakiTestosteron:Menutup lempeng epifisis tulang panjang.Merangsang pertumbuhan (sintesis protein) otot rangka. Inhibin, dihasilkan oleh sel sertoli: Menurunkan sekresi FSH.

Laki-laki Pubertas:Pada saat puber laki-laki menjadi lebih tinggi, bahu lebih bidang, tubuh lebih berotot, organ genital berkembang, rambut mulai tumbuh di dada, lengan, kaki, sekitar organ genital dan di wajah

SemenSperma dan sekresi kelenjar.Ejakulasi normal = 3 ml (300 juta sperma).Swimming rate = 3 mm/min

Sistem Reproduksi Laki-laki

Ejakulasi sperma:Sperma diproduksi dalam testis. Pada saat ejakulasi sperma melewati uretra dan disemprotkan melalui orifisium uretra di glans penis.

Mating:Deposisi sperma ke saluran reproduksi betina

Pengaturan Spermatogenesis

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