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8th Grade IPC SCIENCE SEMESTER EXAM REVIEW 2018
BASIC CHEMISTRY
1. Define
atom:_________________________________________________________________________________
2. Define
element:______________________________________________________________________________
3. Define compound:
____________________________________________________________________________
4. Define
mixture:_______________________________________________________________________________
5. Define
solution:_______________________________________________________________________________
ATOMS
1. An atom is considered to be neutral if it has equal parts of
______________ and _________________. (P=___ )
2. Which subatomic particle is used to identify an element?
_________________________________
ATOMIC NUMBER=___________________=How you identify an element!
This number __________________ as you move from left to right.
3. PERIODS: Location on the Periodic Table Tells the number of
_______________ __________________ List an example of 5 elements
that are in a period and the period number:
4. GROUPS: Location on the Periodic Table Tells the number of
_______________ __________________ for all atoms in that column.
Shows that elements have similar _______________ and
________________ properties.
List an example of 3 elements that are in a group and the group
number:
5. What on the Periodic Table increases from left to right?
Atomic Number Yes No
Number of Subatomic Particles Yes No
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Number of Valence Electrons Yes No
6. Where are the valence electrons located within an atom?
Explain how to determine the number of valence electrons that an
atom has. Valence electrons are an indicator for what property of
elements?
7. Fill in the chart for SUBATOMIC PARTICLES:
SUBATOMIC PARTICLE LOCATION CHARGE SIZE (MASS)
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
8. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in
one Titanium (Ti) atom.
9. Draw a model of SODIUM and label the Subatomic Particles
including PROTONS, ELECTRONS, NEUTRONS, VALENCE ELECTRONS, GROUP #,
PERIOD #, ELECTRON SHELLS, NUCLEUS.
CHEMICAL FORMULAS/REACTIONS
1. State the Law of Conservation of Mass:
2. When the Law of Conservation of Mass is said to be
“conserved”, the chemical equation must be _____________________.
This means that the total mass of the _________________________
must equal the total mass of the products.
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3. For each of the following equations, label whether the
equation is balanced or unbalanced:
2H2O→ 2H2 +O2
2HCl → 2H2O + 2Cl2O
2C2H2 + 5O2 →4CO2 +2H2O
MgCl2 + NaF → MgF2 + NaCl
4. List the possible examples of evidence that indicate a
chemical change has occurred:
5. Draw a model that describes the following chemical
equation:
2C2H2 + 5O2 →4CO2 +2H2O
6. Count the total number of elements for each chemical formula,
count the number of atoms of each element in the chemical formula,
and count the total number of atoms for the following chemical
formulas:
Chemical Formula Total Elements
Atoms for each element Total Atoms
C3H8O C= H= O=
NH3 C3H8
NaHCO3
7. List two examples of chemical changes that you have observed
in a lab(s) and describe the evidence of the
chemical change that you saw.
8. Balance the following equations: ____ Fe + ____ H2SO4 → ____
Fe2(SO4)3 + ____ H2
____ KOH + ____ H3PO4 → ____ K3PO4 + ____ H2O ____ BF3 + ____
Li2SO3 → ____ B2(SO3)3 + ____ LiF ____ (NH4)3PO4 + ____ Pb(NO3)4 →
____ Pb3(PO4)4 + ____ NH4NO3
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8. Define ion. Then explain how you get a “+” and a “-“ ion.
9. Describe ionic bonding. Give an example of an ionic compound.
10. Describe covalent bonding. Give an example of a covalent
compound. 11. Draw the electron dot configuration for each of the
following elements. 1. Ar 2. H 3. Ca
12. Label the phase change chart:
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ACIDS AND BASES/REACTIONS AND WATER
1. Label the pH scale with examples of acids and bases.
Examples of solutions at this pH
pH =0
pH = 1
pH = 2
pH = 3
pH = 4
pH = 5
pH = 6
pH = 7
pH = 8
pH = 9
pH = 10
pH = 11
pH = 12
pH = 13
pH = 14
2. Define neutralization reaction –
3. What factors affect reaction rates?
4. Explain why water acts a solvent of ionic compounds.
COMPONENTS OF THE UNIVERSE
1. Describe/Define
nebula:________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe/Define
star:__________________________________________________________________________
3. Describe/Define
Galaxy:________________________________________________________________________
4. List the stages in the life cycle of an Average Star:
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5. Where does the Sun gets its
energy?___________________________________________________________
6. Our Sun is currently in which stage?
___________________________________________________________
7. What type of star is our Sun currently (size and
color)?_____________________________________________
8. From which star does the Earth receive the most energy? Why?
_______________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
9. List three main types of
Galaxies:_________________________________________________________________
10. What force keeps the stars together in a galaxy?
____________________________________________________
11. What type of galaxy is the Milky Way
Galaxy?____________________________________________________
12. What is our solar system’s location in the Milky Way Galaxy?
_______________________________________
13. What causes the planets in our solar system to orbit the
sun? _______________________________________
14. Describe the Big Bang Theory and what it suggest about the
universe>
15. The HR Diagram shows a relationship between Luminosity and
Temperature. What is the relationship between Luminosity and
Temperature shown on the diagram?
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EM Spectrum 1. Fill in the blanks underneath the wave spectrum
to indicate the relative positions of each type of
electromagnetic radiation from the given word bank.
WAVES 1. Describe how waves reflect – give an
example.__________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe how waves refract – give an
example.__________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
ROTATION and REVOLUTION
1. Rotation of the Earth on its axis causes ____________________
and _____________________.
2. Revolution of the Earth around the Sun causes
_____________________________.
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3. Label the seasons on the diagram to the right.
4. Complete the chart for the hours of daylight during each
season:
Season Hours of daylight
EARTH-SUN-MOON SYSTEMS 1. Complete the chart for Moon Phase
information:
Lunar Phase Illumination Picture
New Moon
Right side or Left side
Right side or Left side
Right side or Left side
Right side or Left side
Full Moon
Right side or Left side
Right side or Left side
Right side or Left side
Right side or Left side
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2. Draw a picture of the Sun-Moon-Earth for Spring Tides:
3. Draw a picture of the Sun-Moon-Earth for Neap Tides:
4. When do high tides and low tides occur? Draw a picture of the
Sun-Moon-Earth for high and low tides:
5. Label the moon phases on the diagram
6. How long is the lunar cycle?
7. On the above diagram, label each phase with a date on which
that moon could possibly be seen? (Hint: start
at New Moon)