3/11/2014 1 Dr. Mostafa Elshahed Eng. Amr Adel Upon completing this course, the student should be able to: Learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction List and describe the different components of electrical power systems Learn the per-unit system calculations Draw the single line diagram and impedance diagram Calculate the transmission lines parameters Formulate the various transmission lines models Dr. Mostafa Elshahed
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8{T e ì - Cairo University Dr. Mostafa Elshahed. 3/11/2014 6 Dr. Mostafa Elshahed Dr. Mostafa Elshahed. 3/11/2014 7 It is preferable to interconnect the systems because: 1. it improves
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3/11/2014
1
Dr. Mostafa Elshahed
Eng. Amr Adel
Upon completing this course, the student should be able to:
� Learn a brief history of the electrical power systems
construction
� List and describe the different components of electrical power
systems
� Learn the per-unit system calculations
� Draw the single line diagram and impedance diagram
� Calculate the transmission lines parameters
� Formulate the various transmission lines models
Dr. M
ostafaElshahed
3/11/2014
2
Upon completing this course, the student should be able to:
� Establish the transmission lines performance
� Define the transformers and synchronous machines
representations
� Calculate the symmetrical faults variables
� Learn the principles of symmetrical components transformations
It is preferable to interconnect the systems because:
1. it improves the overall stability.
2. it provides better continuity of service and
3. it is more economical.
Three networks connected by 4 tie lines.
Dr. M
ostafa Elshahed
Stability: Systems that are interconnected have
greater reserve power than a system working
alone.
Continuity of service: If a generating station
has to be shut down for annual inspection and
repair, the customers it serves can temporarily
be supplied by the two remaining stations.
Economy: The load can be shared between the
various generating stations so that the overall
operating cost is minimized.
Dr. M
ostafa Elshahed
3/11/2014
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Our power is generated for us
compliments of our natural resources
� Conventional or non-renewable resources
� Renewable resources
Dr. M
ostafa Elshahed
�Fossil fuels (Hydrocarbons)
� Natural Gas
� Coal
� Oil
�Nuclear (Uranium)
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ostafa Elshahed
3/11/2014
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�Solar Energy
�Wind Energy
�Water Energy
�Geothermal Energy
�Tidal Energy
Dr. M
ostafa Elshahed
� Hydraulic Power Station
� Thermal Power Station (Steam or Gas)
� Combined Power Station
� Nuclear Power Station
� Geothermal Power Station
� Biomass Power Station
� Wind Power plant
� Solar power Plant
Dr. M
ostafa Elshahed
3/11/2014
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240 6 12 18
Base load
Intermediate Load
Peak Load
• Base load (large thermal and nuclear plants)
• Intermediate loads (medium steam and hydro)
• Peak load (gas turbine and combined cycle plants)
Typical Daily
Load Curve
Dr. M
ostafaElshahed
• Base power stations: that deliver full power at alltimes.ex. ( Nuclear and coal-fired stations)
• Intermediate power stations: that can respondrelatively quickly to changes in demand, usuallybe adding or removing one or more generatingunits.ex. (Steam and hydropower stations)
• Peak generating stations : that deliver power forbrief intervals through the day. Such stations mustbe put in service very quickly. pumped-storagestations are typical examples.ex. (Diesel, gas, or pumped storage stations)