8/28/97Information Organization and Retrieval Bibliographic Records, Data Structures and Databases (Cont.) University of California, Berkeley School of.

8/28/97 Information Organization and Retrieval

Bibliographic Records, Data Structures and Databases (Cont.)

University of California, Berkeley

School of Information Management and Systems

SIMS 202: Information Organization and Retrieval


Today

• MELVYL access issues

• Review of last time

• More on bibliographic description and rules

• Structured and unstructured data and information.

• Files and Databases


Review

• Metadata systems

• Bibliographic information

• Bibliographic records


Type of Metadata systems and standards

• Naming and ID systems

• Bibliographic description– Texts

• Music

• Images and objects

• Numeric Data

• Geospatial Data

• Collections


Bibliographic Information• Describes documents

• What is a document (revisited)?

• Choice of descriptive elements and content of those elements typically governed by a set of rules:– AACR II

• Elements coded in standard ways for transmission.– MARC


Goals of Descriptive Cataloging• 1. To enable a person to find a document of which

– the author, or– the title, or– the subject is known

• 2. To show what a library has– by a given author– on a given subject (and related subjects)– in a given kind (or form) of literature.

• 3. To assist in the choice of a document– as to its edition (bibliographically)– as to its character (literary or topical)

Charles A. Cutter, 1876


AACRII

• Sources of Information

• ISBD areas

• Choice of Access Points


Sources of Information• Each different type of material has a preferred

location for deriving information about it.– Books and printed material

• Title page

– Cartographic Materials (Maps, globes, etc)• The map itself, or containers, stands, etc.

– Sound recordings• Disc label, cassette label, etc.


ISBD Areas• Title and Statement of Responsibility• Edition• Material or type of publication specification• Publication, Distribution (etc.) • Physical Description• Series • Notes• Standard Numbers


MELVYL Access

• Assignment 2 is best done by using the TELNET program to do command-line searching.

• MELVYL Address : melvyl.ucop.edu

• MARC format only available in TELNET mode


ISBD Punctuation• Title Proper (GMD) = Parallel title : other title

info / First statement of responsibility ; others. -- Edition information. -- Material. -- Place of Publication : Publisher Name, Date. -- Material designation and extent ; Dimensions of item. -- (Title of Series / Statement of responsibility). -- Notes. -- Standard numbers: terms of availability (qualifications).


Bibliographic Record

• Introduction to cataloging and classification / Bohdan S. Wynar. -- 8th ed. / Arlene G. Taylor. -- Englewood, Colo. : Libraries Unlimited, 1992. -- (Library science text series).


Dublin Core• TITLE: Introduction to cataloging and classification• CREATOR: Taylor, Arlene G.• OTHER CONTRIBUTOR: Wynar, Bohdan S.• DATE: 1992• FORMAT: BOOK• LANGUAGE: ENG• PAGES: 633• PUBLISHER: Libraries Unlimited• SUBJECT: Cataloging.• SUBJECT: subject cataloging.• SUBJECT: Classification -- Books• DESCRIPTION: Textbook on cataloging and classification• RESOURCE TYPE: text.monograph• RESOURCE IDENTIFIER: (ISBN) 0872879674


RFC 1807• BIB-VERSION:: CS-TR-v2.1• ID:: UCB//123456• ENTRY:: September 9, 1997• TYPE:: BOOK• TITLE:: Introduction to cataloging and classification• AUTHOR:: Wynar, Bohdan S.• AUTHOR:: Taylor, Arlene G.• DATE:: 1992• PAGES:: 633• COPYRIGHT:: Libraries Unlimited, 1992• SERIES:: Library Science Text Series• END:: UCB//123456


Minimal TEI Header• <teiHeader>• <fileDesc>• <titleStmt>• <title> Introduction to cataloging and classification</title>• <respStmt><name>Bohdan S. Wynar<resp> 8th edition by</resp>• <name>Arlene G. Taylor</name>• </respStmt>• </titleStmt>• <publicationStmt>• <distributor>Libraries Unlimited</distributor>• </publicationStmt>• <sourceDesc>• <bibl> Introduction to cataloging and classification / Bohdan S. Wynar. -- 8th

ed. / Arlene G. Taylor. -- Englewood, Colo. : Libraries Unlimited, 1992. • </bibl>• </sourceDesc>• </fileDesc>• <teiHeader>


MARC Record (display)• ID:DCLC9124851-B RTYP:c ST:p FRN: MS:c EL: AD:06-20-91• CC:9110 BLT:am DCF:a CSC: MOD: SNR: ATC: UD:04-11-92• CP:cou L:eng INT: GPC: BIO: FIC:0 CON:b• PC:s PD:1992/ REP: CPI:0 FSI:0 ILC:a II:1• MMD: OR: POL: DM: RR: COL: EML: GEN: BSE:• 010 9124851• 020 0872878112 (cloth)• 020 0872879674 (paper)• 040 DLC$cDLC$dDLC• 050 00 Z693$b.W94 1991• 082 00 025.3$220• 100 1 Wynar, Bohdan S.• 245 10 Introduction to cataloging and classification /$cBohdan S. Wynar.• 250 8th ed. /$bArlene G. Taylor.• 260 Englewood, Colo. :$bLibraries Unlimited,$c1992.• 300 xvii, 633 p. :$bill. ;$c24 cm.• 440 0 Library science text series• 504 Includes bibliographical references (p. 591-599) and index.• 650 0 Cataloging.• 650 0 Subject cataloging.• 650 0 Classification$xBooks.• 630 00 Anglo-American cataloguing rules.• 700 10 Taylor, Arlene G.,$d1941-


Choice of Access Points• Title(s) (Always main title)

– Uniform titles?• Main Entry??

– Form of name?• Added Entries

– Form of name?• Series Titles• Identifying Numbers• We will return to access points (particularly

authority files and topical or subject access)


Files and Databases• File: A collection of records or documents

dealing with one organization, person, area or subject. (Rowley)– Manual (paper) files– Computer files

• Database: A collection of similar records with relationships between the records. (Rowley)– bibliographic, statistical, business data, images, etc.


Database

• A Database is a collection of stored operational data used by the application systems of some particular enterprise. (C.J. Date)– Paper “Databases”

• Still contain a large portion of the world’s knowledge

– File-Based Data Processing Systems• Early batch processing of (primarily) business data

– Database Management Systems (DBMS)


Database Data Models

• Hierarchical Model– Similar to data structures in programming

languages.Books

(id, title)

Publisher SubjectsAuthors

(first, last)



• Network Model– Provides for single entries of data and

navigational “links” through chains of data.

Subjects Books

Authors

Publishers



• Relational Model– Provides a conceptually simple model for data

as relations (typically considered “tables”) with all data visible.

Book ID Title pubid Author id1 Introductio 2 12 The history 4 23 New stuff ab 3 34 Another title 2 45 And yet more 1 5

pubid pubname1 Harper2 Addison3 Oxford4 Que

Authorid Author name1 Smith2 Wynar3 Jones4 Duncan5 Applegate

Subid Subject1 cataloging2 history3 stuff

Book ID Subid1 22 13 34 24 3



• Object Oriented Data Model– Encapsulates data and operations as “Objects”

Books(id, title)

Publisher SubjectsAuthors

(first, last)


Database Design Process

ConceptualModel

LogicalModel

External Model

Conceptual requirements




Application 1

Application 1

Application 2 Application 3 Application 4

Application 2

Application 3

Application 4

External Model

External Model

External Model

Internal Model


Database Design Process• Conceptual Requirements

– Systems Analysis Process• Examine all of the information sources used in existing

applications• Identify the characteristics of each data element

– numeric– text– date/time– etc.

• Examine the tasks carried out using the information• Examine results or reports created using the information



• Conceptual Model– Merge the collective needs of all applications– Determine what Entities are being used

• Some object about which information is to maintained

– What are the Attributes of those entities?• Properties or characteristics of the entity• What attributes uniquely identify the entity

– What are the Relationships between entities• How the entities interact with each other?



• Logical Model– How is each entity and relationship represented

in the Data Model of the DBMS• Hierarchic?

• Network?

• Relational?

• Object-Oriented?



• Internal Model– Choices of index file structure– Choices of data storage formats– Choices of disk layout



• External Model– User views of the integrated database – Making the old (or updated) applications work

with the new database design


Next Time

• Conceptual Design of Databases

• Entity-Relationship Diagrams

8/28/97Information Organization and Retrieval Bibliographic Records, Data Structures and Databases (Cont.) University of California, Berkeley School of.

Documents

information organization

retrieval slide

edition information

databases slide

marc slide

retrieval isbd areas

retrieval dublin core

telnet mode slide