8 th Grade “Capstone” Course 9 Weeks Technological Systems
Dec 29, 2015
Welcome to Technological Systems!
• Have a seat anywhere (for now)
• Take out a fresh sheet of paper
• Write your definition of technology and give three examples.
Today: I will outline course topics and have you compare natural and human-made systems.
“I think technology is ___________________. Some examples are____________________
1/26/12
engagement
Technology is:
• Applying knowledge, tools, and skills to solve problems and extend human capabilities.
engagement
Let’s look at a system usingthis Systems Model
Resources•Capital •Time
•Information •Energy
•Materials •People
•Tools and Machines
Input Process Output
Feedback
How did this system match the parts in our model?
exploration
Compare and ContrastNatural System
• The Human Body• Subsystems include:
– Cardiovascular– Respiratory– Skeletal– Digestive– Nervous– Muscular
Human-Made System• Automobile• Subsystems include:
– Power Train– Braking System– Exhaust System– Electrical– Fuel– Cooling– Steering
Copy this information and create a chart of “similarities” and “differences”
engagement
9/6 Copy and list examples
• “An open-loop system has no feedback path and requires human intervention.”– Example “Watering the lawn requires a
person to decide when to turn it off”
• List 1 more example
Drill 1/27
• Linkage - A system of interconnected machine elements, such as rods, springs, and pivots, used to transmit power or motion.
• Ex Scissor Jack
Systems Thinking• Thinking about things as systems means
looking for how every part relates to others.
•Ductwork and vents•Condenser•Humidifier•Furnace•Refrigerant lines•Condensation lines•Evaporator•Electrical lines•Natural Gas Lines•Air Filter•Thermostat•Fan
exploration
What is a system?• Systems – A system is a group of
interrelated components designed collectively to achieve a desired goal.
School SystemTeachers
Facility ManagersPolicies Administrators
School BuildingStudents
Curriculum
Teaching Strategies
Transportation
What is the desired goal?
Solving Problems
• New products and systems can be developed to solve problems or to help do things that could not be done without the help of technology.
Manufacturing
Conveyer BeltsRobotic ArmsLaser Cutting ToolsKanban – “card” in Japanese
System Parts
• Technology systems include input, process, output and, at times, feedback
• An open-loop system has no feedback path and requires human intervention.
Lawn Sprinkler System is set to a timer. It does not measure soil moisture as a form of feedback. Turns on even in the rain.
Feedback
• A closed-loop system uses feedback that is built in to the system.
Most new clothes dryers include a moisture sensor that will end the cycle once the contents are dry.
• Identify each of these as open or closed loop systems– Garbage disposal– Hands free faucet– Ice maker in refrigerator– Electric Pencil Sharpener
Parts working together
• Systems have parts or components that work together to accomplish a goal.
• A subsystem is a system that operates as part of another system.
Malfunctioning Systems
• When parts of a system are missing or malfunctioning, the system may not work properly.
• What malfunctions can cause the bike to not work properly?
System Connections
• Technology systems can be connected to one another, both internally and externally.
• The output from one part of a system (which can include material, energy, or information) can become the input to other parts.
Tech Ed gradingsystem
School Grading System
Output
Class Grade
Output
ReportCard
8/31 Copy
• Mechanical Technology – putting parts together to produce, control, and transmit motion.
• Ex Scissor Jack
11/12 Copy
• Mechanical Technology – putting ______ together to _______, control, and transmit ___________.
• Ex Scissor Jack
Drill 9/1
• __________ - A system of interconnected machine elements, such as _________, _______, and _____, used to transmit power or _________.
• Ex Scissor Jack
Copy and unscramble these safety rules
• the any report teacher incident to
• your in when doubt teacher ask
• other their and respect people property
• out watch other always people for
2/1 Copy
• Requirements are parameters placed on the design of a product or system.– Parameters are limits that often refer to
criteria and constraints
Requirements
Criteria What must it do? How well must it do a job?
The bridge must be 8 feet wide and hold 2 tons.
Constraints What resources are we limited to?
We have $4,000 and 2 months to complete the project
9/6 Copy
• Requirements are __________________
_________________________________.– Parameters are limits that often refer to
criteria and constraints
Requirements
Criteria What must it do? How well must it do a job?
The bridge must be 8 feet wide and hold 2 tons.
Constraints What resources are we limited to?
We have $4,000 and 2 months to complete the project
9/2 Copy and list examples
• “An ______________system has no _____________ path and requires _______ intervention.”– Example “Watering the lawn requires a person to
decide when to turn it off”
• _____________
• _____________