8 a 4Presention IIES2011 Single Phase Inverter

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SHRIPAD KAMALAKAR KSHEERSAGAR

ASHUTOSH W WERULKAR

DR.P.S.KULKARNI

Dept. of Electrical Engineering,VNIT,Nagpur

PAPER NAME:-STUDY OF DESIGN OF SINGLE PHASE

INVERTER FOR SOLAR HOME LIGHTING

SYSTEM


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OUTLINE Introduction Aims and Objectives

Standalone Solar Photovoltaic system

CIRCUIT DESIGN

Circuit Description

Applications

Conclusions and future scope

References

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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The aims and objectives of the present work areas under-

To develop a single phase inverter for solar home

lighting system purchased for the Department of

Electrical Engineering, VNIT, Nagpur.

To verify the working of the inverter by connecting

CFLs as load.

To observe the output voltage waveform undervarious load conditions.

To find the efficiency of the inverter and plot the

output vs efficiency curve.

To find the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of theMarch 133


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Motivation

Emerging Renewable EnergyTechnologyKeeping in view power crises inthe India, everyone is keen to

adopt it.Nagpur is going to be solar cityin future. (MNRE)Immediate return and cost

saving technology over life.(LifeCycle Cost Saving)Easy to adopt with less effortsNo INVERTER is purchased for

Dept.Solar PV system. March 134


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Indias Energy Balance

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Charge

controller INVERTER

STORAGE

BATTERY

12V

From

The PV Panel

To the load

(CFL)

CFL

The stand-alone Street Light

system

sun

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SPV based Home lighting System

(Electrical Engg. Dept.)

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DC Fan

Volts 12 V DC,14 W


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Rating of Solar Home Light System:-

1. Solar Photovoltaic Panel

12V,37Wp2. Battery:-

Low maintenance battery 12V,45 Ah

3. Solar PV Charge Controller:--Max. charging current - 5 A

-Max. Load current - 5 A-Nominal voltage - 12 V-Fuse - 5A

4. DC Fan:-Volts12 V DC,14 W5. Compact Florescent Lamps

Volts12 V DC,9 W, 2 No.s

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GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF INVERTER

DESIGN

Block diagram consists of solar panel, solar charge

controller, battery ,oscillator-cum-divider, driver,

inverter transformer and power amplifier .

The battery is charged through the PV modulethrough solar charge controller. Solar charge

controller prevents over charging and deep

discharging of battery.

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SOLAR

PANEL

SOLAR

CHARGE

CONTROL

LER

OSCILLATOR

CUM DEVIDERBATTERY

POWER

SUPPLY

DRIVER

CIRCUIT

POWER

AMPLIFIER

INVERTER

TRANSFORMER

LOAD

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DESIGN OF INVERTER


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EXPLANATION The battery is charged through solar module and is

connected to the circuit. The terminals of the batteryshould be connected properly.If the reverse situationoccurs,LED1 glows to indicate the wrong polarity.

(Refer Figure ).

If the switch S is closed, the LED3 glows to indicate powerON and 12 V d.c. reaches regulator IC 7805.The output ofIC 7805 is fed to the oscillator-cum-divider.

For indication of low battery level, a dual operational

amplifier IC LM358 has been used. Fixed reference voltageof 5.1V is applied to the positive input, while sensingvoltage is applied to its negative input.

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CONTD.

f=100 Hz is produced at pin 3 i.e. at pin 5 of IC 7473which produces 50 Hz square wave output at pins 8

and 9 of IC 7473.

IC 7473 acts as a bistable multivibrator which only

change the states when a trigger pulse is applied.

If flips to one state when triggered and flops to other

state when it is triggered . IC 7473 acts as a J-K flip-

flop.

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A.DRIVER CIRCUITOne of the outputs of IC 7473 is coupled to the base

of T1 through diode D1 via series limiting resistance.

Another output at pin 9 is coupled to the base of T2

through diode D2 via other series limiting resistance.

The transistors T1 and T2 are acting as a MOSFET

drivers. When T1 conducts T2 is in cut off and vice

versa.

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B. POWER OUTPUT STAGE The collector of transistor T1 is connected to theMOSFETs(F1 THROUGH F3)which are connected in parallel

on a heat sink. The collector of transistor T2 is connected to the

MOSFETs(F4 THROUGH F6)which are connected in parallelon a heat sink.

When T1 conducts corresponding MOSFETs (F1 throughF3)remains cut off while voltage of collector of T2 is at5V.Hence current flows through half of the invertertransformer primary.

When T2 conducts corresponding MOSFETs (F4 throughF6)remains cut off while voltage of collector of T1 is at5V.Hence current flows through half of the invertertransformer primary.

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C. POWER AMPLIFER

The power amplifier consists of two set of

MOSFETs connected in parallel for high current

operation of inverter.

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RESULTSOutput at pin 3 of LM555= 5V peak to peak,f=100Hz.

Output at pin 8 of IC 7473=5V,f=50Hz

Output at pin 9 of IC 7473=5V,f=50Hz

Output at the collector of T1=5V,f=50 Hz Output at the collector of T2=5V,f=50 Hz

Output across the secondary side of transformer

Vrms=240 V,f=50 Hz

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Voltage at pin no.3 of LM555

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Voltage Waveform at Pin 8 of IC7473

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Voltage Waveform at Pin 9 of IC7473

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Modeling and Simulation of Sine Wave

Inverter using Pspice Software:-

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For Load of 34W(5W+11W+18W CFLs)

Figure -Output voltage of Sine wave inverter with a load of 34W

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Figure :-Time response of RMS value of the output

voltage of the inverter

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Figure :- Instantaneous Output current

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Figure :-Time response of RMS Output current

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Figure :- Output power of the

inverter

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PLOT OF P Vs EFFICIENCY

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s rom


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s romReadings)

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CONCLUSIONS

The efficiency of the inverter is calculated byconsidering different loads.The efficiency of the

inverter is calculated by

= Pac / Pdc

The efficiency of the circuit varies between 75% to

88 %.

The loads used are CFL and Bulb.

The respective table shows the variation of terminalvoltage and efficiency under different loads.

The THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) is calculated by

using the formula

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CONTD.

The THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) is calculated byusing the formula

The average THD IS 45%.

b) The filter is recommended at the output of

transformer .

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1

2

2

V

V

n

n


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FUTURE SCOPE

The results obtained in the projectshould be verified by proper designing of

the transformer.

The inverter should be designed withDC-DC Converter as a charge regulator.

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REFERENCES

S.P.Sukhatme and J.K.Nayak Solar Energy-Principles of Thermal Collection andStorage.TMH, 3rd Edition,2008

Gilbert M.Masters, Stanford University Renewable and Efficient Electric power System.

John Wiley and Sons Ltd. ,3rd Edition.,2004

Chetan Singh Solanki Solar Photovoltaics Fundamentals, Technologies and

Applications,PHI Learning Private Limited,New Delhi,2009.

M.H.Rashid Power Electronics Handbook,Academic Press,pp 539-573.

Tomas Markwart,Ed. Solar Electricity John Wiley and Sons Ltd. 2nd Edition,2004

Roger Messenger and Jerry Ventre Photovoltaic Systems Engineering CRC Press.,1999

Luis Castaner and Santiago Silvestre,Modelling of Photovoltaic Systems using

Pspice.John Willey and Sons, Ltd.,2002

Mohan,Undeland and Robbins Power Electronics.John wiley and Sons Enhanced 3rd

Edition.

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REFERENCESPublication on Standalone Photovoltaic Systems:-

R. M. Moharil and P. S. Kulkarni, A case study of Solar Photovoltaic Power

System at Sagardeep Island, India, International Journal Renewable and

Sustainable Energy Reviews (Elseveir Publication), Vol. 13, 2009, pp. 673-

681.

Soib Taib,Yusmin Sutanto and Abd Rahim Abd Razak,Development ofsimple PWM inverter using photovoltaic cells,2002 student conference on

Research and Development Proceedings,Shah alam,Malaysia.,pp.297-

300.

A Ali Qazalbash,Awais Amin,Abdual Manan & Mahveen Kalid,Design and

implementation of microcontroller based PWM technique for sine wave

inverter,IEEE Conference POWERENG 2009,pp. 163-167. S R Narayana Prakash,B S R Iyengar ,A new sinewavv inverter with high

frequency link and synchronous rectification using powerMOSFETs,Power

electronics specialists conference,1990,PESC 90 Record,21 st annual

IEEE,pp.923-928.

www.efymag.com

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Any Questions aremost welcome

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8 a 4Presention IIES2011 Single Phase Inverter

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