제 8-8 편 가설구조물
8-8
905
1. 9111.1 9111.2 912
2. 9152.1 9152.2 915
2.2.1 9162.2.2 , 9162.2.3 9162.2.4 9172.2.5 9172.2.6 9202.2.7 920
2.3 920
3. 9223.1 922
3.1.1 9223.1.2 9243.1.3 9243.1.4 9263.1.5 9263.1.6 9263.1.7 9323.1.8 9333.1.9 934
3.2 9343.3 935
3.3.1 935
3
906
3.3.2 9373.3.3 9383.3.4 938
3.4 9393.5 939
4. H 9414.1 9414.2 9414.3 942
4.3.1 9424.3.2 9484.3.3 9484.3.4 9494.3.5 9494.3.6 9504.3.7 9504.3.8 , 951
4.4 9514.5 9534.6 953
4.6.1 9534.6.2 9544.6.3 9544.6.4 9584.6.5 9624.6.6 964
5. 9655.1 9655.2 965
5.2.1 9655.2.2 9665.2.3 972
907
5.3 9745.3.1 9745.3.2 9755.3.3 979
5.4 9795.4.1 9805.4.2 9805.4.3 9815.4.4 982
5.5 9825.5.1 9825.5.2 9835.5.3 9835.5.4 9835.5.5 9845.5.6 , 987
5.6 9885.7 988
5.7.1 9885.7.2 9885.7.3 9895.7.4 9905.7.5 9905.7.6 991
5.8 9915.9 992
6. 9936.1 9936.2 9946.3 9986.4 , , 9996.5 1000
6.5.1 1000
3
908
6.5.2 10016.5.3 10016.5.4 10026.5.5 10026.5.6 10026.5.7 10036.5.8 10036.5.9 (ground anchor) 10036.5.10 10046.5.11 10076.5.12 10076.5.13 10086.5.14 10096.5.15 1010
7. 10117.1 10117.2 10127.3 10127.4 10127.5 10137.6 10137.7 10137.8 10147.9 10147.10 1015
8. 10168.1 10168.2 10168.3 10178.4 10188.5 1019
909
9. 10209.1 10209.2 10219.3 10219.4 1022
1023
8-8
911
1.
1.1
, , , , .
, . , , . , . , 10m , 10m , 8m . , (stability number) . , , 2 . . , , , ,
3
912
1.2
, , .(1) H
H , H .
(2) , .
(3) , . 1 , , , .
(4) , .
(5) .
(6) , .
H 2 . H H , . , . .
8-8
913
U ()
H
,
3
914
()
8-8
915
2.
2.1
, , , , , , , , .
. , . , .
2.2
, .
. . . 2.2.1 ~ 2.2.7 .
3
916
2.2.1
, .
, . . , . , , , , .
2.2.2 ,
, , , .
. H , N, , , , H . , .
2.2.3
, .
8-8
917
, , . ( ), . .
2.2.4
.
, , , , , .
2.2.5
, , , .
, , , , , , , . , . .
()
()
()
()
()
()
3
918
() . .
() , , H, .
() , , , .
() 1 (1 ) . , , . . I H .
() ( ) () . 1 20 . ( ) . 1 , .
8-8
919
() . .
() . () . .
() H, . . . .
() . H, , . , . .
() H . , N 0 . , . .
() . , , .
3
920
() . (underpinning) , . .
2.2.6
, , .
. . , .
2.2.7
, , , .
. , . , () , .
2.3
2. , , .
8-8
921
() H , . .(a) H
,
(b) H , , (a)
, . H , , .
() (, ) , . , .
() , .
3
922
3.
3.1 3.1.1
.(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
.
8-8
923
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
H
- - - -
- - - - - -
- - - -
- - - -
- - - - - -
- - -
- - - - - - - -
- - -
- - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - -
, , , , . , .
3
924
DB . . , ( ) .(1)
W(kN)
1.8W(kN)0.1W(kN)
0.4W(kN)
123
DB-24DB-18
DB-13.5
240180135
432324243
2418
13.5
967254
3.1.2
. , .
(kg/m3)
, ,
7,8507,2502,8002,5002,500
()
2,3502,150800
1,1002,300
, 2.12 .
3.1.3
8-8
925
( )
(2)
()
2.1.3 DB . .
3
926
(1) Rankine Resal . RankineResal .Pa = (q +h) tan2 (45- /2) - 2Ctan (45- /2) ( 3.1)Pp = (q +h) tan2 (45+ /2) + 2Ctan (45+ /2) ( 3.2)
A .
Pr A RA = Pr(1 + y1 + y2)Pf A RA = Pf(1 + y1 + y2)
. . .
3.1.4
0.3 .
0.3 . 2.1,4 i=15/(40+) = 6~12m i=0.29~0.33 . i=0.3 i=0.29~0.33 2~4% .
3.1.5
10kN/ .
H , 10kN/ .
3.1.6
8-8
927
, Pa : (kN/) : ()q : Pp : (kN/)
(10kN/) h : (m) : (kN/) C : (kN/)
(2) , , .
(a) (b) : a, b, c : .
a, b, c
5.0mH a=1
5.0mH3.0m a=1/4(H-1)
b c
2N>5 4N5 6
N : N
.
KA = Tan2(45-/2) KA = 1-(4SU)/(H) (SU : )(a) (b) (c)
Peck(1969)
3
928
(a) (b) (c) Tschebotarioff
(a) (b) (c)
, , Terzaghi Peck Tschebotarioff . . 28 , 34 , 16 , 32 m~m H , , . ~ . , , .
() , .
() , (N>5, N5) 3 .
8-8
929
() .
() () q/(m) q (m) . . . (stability number), , . 8. .
()
3
930
( N5)
8-8
931
( N>5)
3
932
( 3.3)
(a) (b)
3.1.7
. .
ABC OEB ABD . , .
8-8
933
.
3.1.8
. 0.6H .P = 10KV2A ( 3.4), P : (kN)
K : ()V : (m/sec)A : ()H : (m)
0.07
0.04
0.02
0.07
3
934
3.1.9
H , , 120kN .
( 6 ) 1 11~12.5kN . . 1 10 120kN . 120kN .
3.2
.
, ~ . . .
U (mm) (N/m) (cm3) (cm4)
W h t 1 1m 1 1m 1 1m 400 75 8.0 365 912 66.4 509 429 3,820 400 100 10.5 180 1200 121 869 985 8,690 400 125 13.0 600 1500 196 1,310 1,920 16,400 400 155 15.5 761 1900 311 2,060 3,690 31,900 500 200 24.3 1,050 2,500 520 3,150 5,950 55,200
8-8
935
210MPa /r 20 210MPa
20 /r 93 {140-0.84(/r-20)}1.5MPa
/r 93 { } 1.5MPa
: ()r : 2()
210MPa /b 4.5 210MPa
(1) , .
(SS400, SM400, SM41)
1,990 750 200
H 2,000 1,000 206
DB-24 DB-24 (f / ) 180 182
,
3.3 3.3.1
3
936
4.5 /b 30 {(140-2.4(/b-4.5)}1.5MPa : ()b : ()
120MPa
(MPa) B8T B10T 220 285
(MPa)
SS400
40mm 36040mm 75mm 330
90% .)
(2) .
270MPa 270MPa 1.
220MPa 220MPa 130MPa
2. 140MPa 140MPa 80MPa
8-8
937
(1) SS400 SS400 .
. 3.3.2.1 50% .
(2) ( fy=300MPa) 50% . 3 , 360MPa .
80% . , , . 50% .
3.3.2
(MPa)1
2 ( )
3 ( )
4 - -
5 , fck : 28 (MPa)(1)
3.3.3 .
3
938
(1) fck=24MPa 50% .
50% . .
3.3.3
.
fsa(MPa) SD 300 SD 400 225 270
4.5.2.2 50% .
3.3.4
.
(MPa)
,
, , , , 12.0 13.5 1.05
, , , 9.0 10.5 0.75
13.5 19.5 2.1, , , 10.5 15.0 1.5
10.5 13.5 0.9
, .
8-8
939
(1) N 30 N 10 3m . .
H - 400H - 350H - 300
600kN450kN300kN
.
(2) 3m 2 . (3.5) .Qu = 20NA + (NcAc + 0.2NsAs) ( 3.5), Qu : (kN)
N : NA : ()Nc : N Ac : Uc()
3.4
8-3 2.2 2.3 .
, ( ) . .
3.5
3
940
Ns : N As : Us() : () : 1.0 ( ) 0.5 ( )U : {
8-8
941
4. H
4.1
H .
H , , . . RankineResal {3.1.6 (1)} , {3.1.6 (2)} . .
4.2
, .
. (. , H-300 . , .
3
942
4.3 4.3.1
, , , , .
5. 3. 2 5. 3. 3 , . H . , , .
8-8
943
3
944
8-8
945
3
946
8-8
947
H
3
948
4.3.2
3.5 .
4.3.3
1 .
.RankineResal , ypPp=yaPa (~ h1), Pp . , 1.0m .
( ) ( 1 )
RankineResal , , . H 2~3 ,
8-8
949
. . 8-3 2.2 . , . 4.3.4 1/2, 750 .
4.3.4
1.2 , 1.5m 1.5m .
4.3.3 2 . 1.5m .
4.3.5
3.1.6 (2) , . , .
4.3.3 2 . . , 3.4.3 . 1, 2 .
3
950
4.3.6
1.5m . 1m 2m .
1~2m 1.5m . .
4.3.7
, , , , .
1m .
8-8
951
4.3.8 ,
, , , .
, . , . , , . , 1m .
4.4
(1) , .
(2) 3.5 .
(1) . , , . , () .
(2)
()
()
() ,
3
952
() .(a) ()
. () A B C . () A 1/2 .
(b) . 1/50 .
(c) , 5kN/m (4.6.4 ). ()~() () () ()( ) () . (1), (2), (3) .
8-8
953
4.5
, 40 .
.
( 4.1), t : ()
b : (1m)f : (MPa)M : (= W2/8)W : (N/m) (4.3.5 ) : (m)
30, 40 .
1= , 40
4.6 4.6.1
(1) 3m 1m 1 . .
(2) 5m , 3m .(3) 6m .
, .
3
954
4.6.2
4.3.5 .
, . . .
4.6.3
4.6.2 , . .
. . , , (4.2) .
( 4.2)
, h : S : t : Z :
8-8
955
3
956
-w
8-8
957
-w
3
958
. . (1 + 2) ().H , .(4.2) , , .
4.6.4
(1) 4.6.2 .
(2) 120kN .(3)
(1), (2) .
(1) . , 3.4.3 .
5kN/m . .
8-8
959
() (a) (b) 1, 2, 3
.
() (a) 1 ( )
L-130 L1 . -150 2.51, 2.52, 2.53 . , L1 L1 .
3
960
L-130 4 + 5 6 . -150 2.54, 2.55 ( 4 +5 4 +5) 6 .
(b) 2 ( ) A
1, 2, 3 . B
1.51, 1.52, 1.53 B .
C 1.55, 1.56 ( 5 + 6 5 + 6) 4 . , . . 45 . , /r( r 2) .
8-8
961
() 1 L , ( -150 .)(a) L > 4.35 .(b) L 4.35 .
3
962
(1 )
() 2 L , (a) L > 2.6 .(b) L 2.6 .
(2 )
N .
4.6.5
4m .
8-8
963
.
N
3
964
. L1301309 -150 .
4.6.6
(1) 45 .
(a) (b)
(2) .N = 0.7(1 + 2)w ( 4.3), 1, 2 :
w : (3) .
S = 0.7N ( 4.4)(4) .
(1) 45 .
(2) .
(3) .
8-8
965
5.
5.1
, .
. , , . . .
5.2 5.2.1
, , ., H-300300 6m .
, .
3
966
2~3m . , .
5.2.2
(1) .(2) .
() , 1m .
() .() .
8-8
967
3
968
8-8
969
3
970
8-8
971
3
972
(1) .
(2) .
() .
() .
() . , . .
5.2.3
1m 60% ., , 80% .
50~70% . 60% ., 80% . 60% .
8-8
973
3
974
5.3 5.3.1
.
(a)Terzaghi (b)
(Terzaghi ) ( 5.1)
L = d1 + d2 ( ) ( 5.2)d1 = h + d2 = H + d2, ' :
d1 : ( )d2 : H : ()Fs : (1.5 )L : ()
. . (5.1) (5.2) .
8-8
975
(5.1) . . (d1) (d2) d1 + d2 (H) . (d2) (d1) . , .
5.3.2
(heaving) . .
. . , 5 5m . . , . Xo . Xo 5.5.1 X=Xo Fs1.2 . Xo Fs1.2 X=Xo 5.5.4 5.5.5 . Xo . 5.5.1
3
976
5m Xo 5m . Xo=5m 5.5.5 . Xo=5m , Xo 5m . Xo 5m . Xo .
c=0.2z (z: ) .
Xo = 0.5h, Fs = ( 5.3)
, h : c=az+b
( 5.4)
( 5.5). c=0.2z h Fs . h+q , .
8-8
977
(). .
() .
() .
() . .
() .
() .
3
978
8-8
979
5.3.3
, . ( 5.6)
. .
5.4
., 5.5 .
, . 3~5m .
3
980
. .
5.4.1
.
() RankineResal .
() PaYa + PwYw = PpYp . 0.5~1m Max Mpx Mx=Max-Mpx=0 . .
5.4.2
1.2 2m . ( ) .
8-8
981
.
() Chang
()
() ()Chang . . o LL = 1.2 o ( 5.7)
o + 2m .
5.4.3
.
3
982
5.4.4
, , .
5.4.1 Max Mpx Mx=Max-Mpx .
5.5 5.5.1
1 . , 5m .
PaYa=PpYp . Pa . 1 . . 5m . 5.5.2 .
8-8
983
5.5.2
1.2 . , 3m, ( ) 1.8 .
5.5.1 . , 3m . 1.8 . . (RankineResal) () . RankineResal . . .
5.5.3
, , .
5.5.4
3.1.6 3.1.7 .
5.5.2
3
984
0 . RankineResal AB ., .
. 5.5.1 . . 5.5.5 .
5.5.5
. 300 . .
.
8-8
985
. () . . , 5.5.1 1/2 , 3.1.6 3.1.7 . , . K(f/) A( 100, h1) ., K = KA(f/) ( 5.8)
K . . .
3
986
N K
. k 1/2 , . 1 2='/2' . 3.1.7 . P P/ . '=/2, 2=2'/2 . 30 10m, C=20kN/ 30 . AB
=
f3% = f y=10100.03=0.3m=30
8-8
987
5.5.6 ,
, , , .
, . . , , . 1m .
3
988
5.6
. .
. , ., () . 1/50 . . , 3m .
5.7 5.7.1
(1) 3m , 1m 1 . , .
(2) 5m , 3m .(3) 6m .
, .
5.7.2
3.1.6 3.1.7 .
8-8
989
(, ) . 5.5.4 . (kN/m), .
,
5.7.3
5.7.2 . .
4.6.3
3
990
5.7.4
(1) 5.7.2 .
(2) .(3) .(4) 120kN .
4.6.4
5.7.5
4m .
4.6.5
8-8
991
5.7.6
(1) .(2) .(3) 45 .(4) .
N = 0.7 (1 + 2)w ( 5.9), 1, 2 :
w :
(a) (b)
(5) .S=N/ ( 5.10)
(6) .
4,6,6
5.8
.
. . H-300300 , . 1m .
3
992
5.9
5 + 0.5m .
, .
8-8
993
6.
6.1
.(1)
.(2) 6.5
.(3)
.
(1) , . , .
.
(2) , . .
3
994
6.2
2m . , .
() 2m .
() , . . .(a) Mr
Mr = 1/6 RoHo3 ( 6.1)Ro = 2/3 o2(3-o cos) tan sin ( 6.2)Ho = 1/2(ihi) = 1/2(1 h1 + 2 h2) ( 6.3)0 = B/Ho ( 6.4)
, B : (m)i, hi : (kN/), (m) : ()
(b) RdRd = tanu(i hi)B ( 6.5), u :
8-8
995
( C50kN/ ) (6.5) (6.6) Rd .Rd = CB ( 6.6)
(c) MdFs2Mr ( 6.7)PFs2Rd ( 6.8), Fs : (Fs1.5)
P : (kN/m)Md : (kNm/m)
(d) 1.5m h(m) Md (6.9) h
~ .Md = 10KV2 h (0.6h) ( 6.9), K : ( 0.07)
V : (m/sec)(0.6h) : (m)
3
996
B-h-V (=25) Fs=1.5
8-8
997
B-h-V (=25) Fs=1.5
3
998
B-h-V (=30) Fs=1.5
6.3
.
() .
() .
8-8
999
() .() = 18kN/() = 10kN/ = 20~ 30 C = 0kN/
6.4 , ,
, , .
() () . , , . .
3
1000
() , , .
() . .
() .
6.5 6.5.1
, Rankine Resal . .
() RankineResal . .
() . (H.W.L L.W.L ) 2/3 .
8-8
1001
6.5.2
. 5m .
5.5.1 . . . .
6.5.3
6.5.2 1.2 . , 3m .
3m . , .
3
1002
6.5.4
6.5.1 , .
6.5.5
1/2 . fa2/3 .
. 1/2 .
6.5.6
1 . 1 .
8-8
1003
1 0.4m , , , 1.6m . , 0.5m, 0.4m 2m . , . 2 1 .
6.5.7
SS400, 25 . fsa2/3 .
6.5.8
.M = T/10 ( 6.10), M : (kNm)
T : (kN) : (m)
6.5.9 (ground anchor)
PC .
, , , .
3
1004
soil anchor rock anchor . pre-stress , .
(1) (ground anchor)
.
Ground Anchor
(2) (Tension Zoin)
.
PCPC PC , sheath .
(3) (Anchor Length)
.
. .
, , (know-how) . , , .
6.5.10
8-8
1005
(4) (fixed anchor length)
.
. . , . 3~10m , 3m . , 10m .* FIP : 3.0m 10m .**USA : 4.6m(15ft) .
.(5) (free anchor length)
.
, 4m .
3
1006
, .* FIP : 4.6~7.6m(15~25ft) .**USA : 4.6m(15ft) .
(6) (anchor incline)
. .
. breathing , -10~+10 . USA -5~+5 ( : AAW )* FIP : -10~+10 .**USA : -5~+5 . .
8-8
1007
6.5.11
.(1) (2) (3) grout (4)
. , , . , .
6.5.12
(1) (2) (3) . , , , , .
, , . , , group . , 5m .
3
1008
6.5.13
(1) (2) (3) (4) .
(1) . , . .(2) , heaving, boiling . , .(3) , . .a. E.Kranz b. R.Jelinek, H.Ostermayer (4) , , . . (1),(2) , (3),(4) .a. B.B.Broms b. H.Schmidt c. H.G.Locher, Littlejohn d. Ostermayer
8-8
1009
e. JR() f.
6.5.14
.
6 , . 1.4 1.1
2 . . . 1.5 1.2
. anchor cable .
2.0 1.3
3
1010
6.5.15
.
(MPa)
1.0 ~ 2.5 0.6 ~ 1.5
0.4 ~ 1.0
N
10 0.1 ~ 0.220 0.17 ~ 0.2530 0.25 ~ 0.3540 0.35 ~ 0.4550 0.45 ~ 0.70
N
10 0.1 ~ 0.1420 0.18 ~ 0.2230 0.23~ 0.2740 0.29 ~ 0.3550 0.30 ~ 0.40
0.1c
8-8
1011
7.
7.1
, , , , .
. . DB . , , . , . . , , . . .
3
1012
7.2
. H-300300 I-300150 H-300300 I-300150 -25090() L-100100 19
KS H, I, , L . EI . , , .
7.3
.
, . . 4m , 6m .
7.4 2m . , 2m . 2m . 2m 2m .
8-8
1013
7.5
6m . .
, . 6m .
() , .
() . . .
7.6
6% .
6% () . , .
7.7
1m, 1m .
, .
3
1014
. .
7.8
3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 1/400 .
3.1.3 , . . /400 /300 .
7.9
. 5% .
() 4.4 1/2 . . , , .
8-8
1015
7.10
.(1) .(2)
() .(3) () .(4) .
3
1016
8.
8.1
. , .
, , . , , , , . , . , .
8.2
(1) .() ()
(2) , .
8-8
1017
, .
8.3
(parapet) .(1) ,
.(2) .
.
(a) , .(b) , , .(c) , .(d) , . .
(1) . ,
3
1018
. . .
(2) , . 4 , 1/2 . 0.5 . ( ) 40% . .
8.4
.(1) 3m
, .(2) 5m ,
.
8-8
1019
, . , 3m .
8.5
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1. , , 2002.
2. , , 1992.
3. , , 2001.
4. , , , 1980.
5. , , 1990.
6. , , 2002.
7. , , 2006.
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