8-1.3 Summarize the history of English settlement in New England, the mid- Atlantic region, and the South, with an emphasis on South Carolina as an example.

8-1.3

Summarize the history of English settlement in New England, the mid-Atlantic region, and the South, with an emphasis on South Carolina as an example of a distinctly southern colony.

*Colo

nizatio

n

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*Settlement Timeline

*1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on the remains of Charles Fort’s

*1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on the remains Ft San Felipe’s

*1607 Jamestown, VA is the First permanent English settlement in America

*1619 Africans first arrive in America

*1663 Carolina colony given to Lord Proprietors

1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on Charles

Fort’s remains

1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on Ft San Felipe’s remains

1607 Jamestown, VA 1st permanent

settlement in Amercia

1619 Africans first arrive in

America1663 Carolina colony given

to Lord Proprietors

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*The 13 colonies*Groups of people were quickly coming to America.

*Their reasons for coming varied

*fortune hunters

*to escape religious persecution

Colonial America developed into 3 distinct regions: 1. New England Colonies 2. Middle Colonies 3. Southern Colonies

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*Settlement of America

Jamestown - 1st English colony in America (1607)

~ Virginia Company received a charter from King James I to establish settlements in America

Charter – Official permission to operate something, such as a colony

The settlers endured several years of starvation and the deaths of many until tobacco made the settlement sustainable

** Tobacco – 1st Cash Crop & backbone of VA economy

Plantations – large farms - tobacco growth needed large plots of land

Indentured Slaves(Servants) – People who agreed to work for a landowner (Plantations) for a number of years in exchange for passage to America

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* JamestownThe London Company initiated the headright

system that provided land to anyone who paid their own passage or the passage of others to

the settlement.

The Headright MethodSettlers got land based on the number of people in the family, or household Slaves and indentured servants were included in the count

More people

=

More land

*The Headright MethodThe headright system promoted The establishment of large tobacco plantations

Conflict over land with the natives as the settlers took more land for tobacco production

By the end of the 1600s however, they had turned to a more reliable source of labor – African slaves.

*The House of BurgessesThe London Company also established the House of Burgesses [1619] so that settlers would have a voice in the governance of the colony.

Although not completely democratic, this assembly was in keeping with English political tradition since the Magna Carta.

Jamestown grew into the colony of Virginia and established the pattern for the southern colonies.

*New England ColoniesRhode IslandConnecticutNew HampshireMassachusetts (which included modern day Maine)

People who settled this region were motivated by the importance of family and freedom of religion.

Most of the settlers here were used to doing things themselves and not depending on others.

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*New England1620 – A group of Pilgrims (Separatists) were given a charter by VA Company to settle in North Americasettled “Plymouth” in Massachusetts

The New England colonies were founded as a haven for religious groups persecuted in England.

Pilgrims/Separatists/Puritans – Separated from the Church of England to follow beliefs of John Calvin (Puritans)

Mayflower Compact – Document signed by all passengers/colonists establishing the American ideal of “government by consent” the idea that the people form the government

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*New EnglandThey struggled to survive as had the Jamestown settlers. With the help of a Native American, they learned to plant corn and sustained themselves but never prospered. Subsistence Crops – crops that provided just enough food to

feed the farmer’s family

*A characteristic of most New England farms

The Puritans invested in their own joint stock company and brought their charter with them to the New World

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*New EnglandAll male church members could vote. Their economy thrived – based on ship building & trade

They established schools so that their children could learn to read the Bible

Established religious conformity (Dissenters were exiled to other parts of the region)Population grew & spread because of the large Puritan families

* Middle ColoniesNew YorkPennsylvania (which literally means Penn’s Woods)DelawareNew Jersey

Settlers to the Middle Colonies included a great variety of EuropeansDutch who first settled New York The Swedes who first settled DelawareEnglish Puritans & Quakers

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* Middle ColoniesA group of religious dissenters

Believed that everyone had an inner light

They promoted religious tolerance and good relations with the natives in their region

The colony attracted many other groups of people

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*Middle ColoniesKing Charles II granted William Penn land in payment of a debt

Penn had the rights of a proprietor and could name the governor of the colony.

Pennsylvania (PA) had a representative assembly as did the other colonies in the region.

Founded for the purpose of profit

The ‘breadbasket’ of the colonies

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* Southern ColoniesMarylandVirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth CarolinaGeorgia

People who settled here wanted to make moneyThe warm weather and good soil created a long growing seasons = Economy based on Agriculture

Plantations quickly developed

The plantation system was very popular in the Southern Colonies.

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*Southern Colonies

The main crops grown on plantations:

*Tobacco- mostly grown in North Carolina and Virginia

*Carolina Gold rice: which was South Carolina’s 1st cash crop

*Indigo- a plant that gives us the blue dye for blue jeans.

Tobacco plant and drying barn

Indigo plant & dye

Carolina Gold

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*Governing Colonies3 Types of English Colonies

1.Royal Colony – Under the direction of the king (royalty)* King appoints governor & council

* Most colonies in America became Royal Colonies in the end

2.Proprietary Colony – An individual or group given ownership of land from the king* Usually acted as the governor ~ appointed council

& approved laws

* Charged settlers rent – Paid the king rent

3.Self-governing Colony – No charter from king* King did Not appoint governor or council

* Rhode Island

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