1. A(n) _____ is the • smallest unit that • can perform all life • processes. • (core Biology 1.3) • a. cell • b. tissue • c. organ • d. organ system
Aug 04, 2015
1. A(n) _____ is the
• smallest unit that
• can perform all life
• processes.
• (core Biology 1.3)
• a. cell
• b. tissue
• c. organ
• d. organ system
Standards 8.5.2 & 8.5.3
Bert wants to paint his garage with two coats of a special preservative paint. The dimensions of his garage is given below. Each quart of paint will cover 7 square meters of area and costs 8.50 per quart.
2. (1pt) What is the area of Bert’s garage that will be painted?
3. (1pt) What is the minimum number of quarts of paint Bert will need?
4. (1pt) How much will it cost to paint Bert’s garage?
Area triangle = ½ b h A = w x l
BACTERIA A DIVIDES EVERY 20 MINUTES. BACTERIA
B DIVIDES AT A FASTER RATE.AT THE END OF ONE HOUR THERE ARE 50% MORE
BACTERIA B THAN BACTERIA A. 5. (1PT) HOW MANY BACTERIUM B ARE THERE? (7.NS.5 & 7.NS.8)
7.3.1 Explain that all living organisms are composed of one cell or multiple cells and that the many functions needed to sustain life are carried out within cells.
7.3.3 Explain that, although the way cells function is similar in all living organisms, multicellular organisms have specialized cells whose specialized functions are directly related to their structure.
7.3.4 Compare and contrast similarities and differences among specialized sub cellular components within plant and animal cells (including organelles and cell walls
Cell – the smallest unit
that can perform all
life’s processes
Cell theory
1. All living things are made of
one or more cells
2. Cells are the basic units of
structure and function
in organisms
3. All cells arise
from existing
cells
Two types of Cells
1. Prokaryote –lacks a nucleus and other internal compartments DNA is a single loop have a cell wall
bacteria
Flagellum allows
Bacteria to move
2. Eukaryotic Cell – cell with a nucleus
have organelles
Plant & animal
cells
Two types of Eukaryotic Cells
Plant
Animal
Animal Cell
Organelle – one of small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function
Nucleus –the organelle that contains the
cell’s DNA and is the control center of the cell – found in nuclear membrane
DNA – the genetic material you inherit from your parents - contains information that controls
your traits (eye color, hair color etc. ) codes for proteinsDNA located on chromosomes
1. (1pt) What is the only organelle found
inside of the nuclear membrane?
a. Mitochondria
b. Nucleus
c. Lysosome
d. ribosome
Standards 8.5.2 & 8.5.3
Bert wants to paint his garage with two coats of a special preservative paint. The dimensions of his garage is given below. Each quart of paint will cover 6 square meters of area and costs $7.50 per quart.
2. (1pt) What is the area of Bert’s garage that will be painted?
3. (1pts) What is the minimum number of quarts of paint Bert will need?
4. (1pts) How much will it cost to paint Bert’s garage?
Area triangle = ½ b h A = w x l
BACTERIA A DIVIDES EVERY 15 MINUTES. BACTERIA
B DIVIDES AT A SLOWER RATE.AT THE END OF ONE HOUR THERE ARE 50% LESS
BACTERIA B THAN BACTERIA A. HOW MANY BACTERIUM B ARE THERE? (7.NS.5 & 7.NS.8)
7.3.1 Explain that all living organisms are composed of one cell or multiple cells and that the many functions needed to sustain life are carried out within cells.
7.3.3 Explain that, although the way cells function is similar in all living organisms, multicellular organisms have specialized cells whose specialized functions are directly related to their structure.
7.3.4 Compare and contrast similarities and differences among specialized sub cellular components within plant and animal cells (including organelles and cell walls
Cell membrane – protective barrier that encloses a cell which separates the cell from its environment – controls movement of materials in and out of cell
Mitochondria – organelle that breaks down food to make energy for the cell
Mitochondria has own DNA which is inherited from mother
Cellular respiration takes place in mitochondriaSugar + oxygen → energy (ATP) + carbon dioxide + water
Cellular Respiration
Cytoplasm – the fluid inside the cell – includes all organelles except nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – system of internal membranes that move proteins and other substances through the cell
Golgi apparatus – membrane-bound sacs that serves as a packaging and distribution center for proteins they receive from the ER.
lysosome A membrane-bounded organelle which
contains digestive enzymes. It acts as the "garbage disposal" of the cell by breaking down cell components that are no longer needed as well as molecules or even bacteria that are ingested by the cell.
Ribosome – make proteins for the cell
Plant Cell
Plant cells have all the structures that animal cells have plus 3 structures that animal cells do not have
cell wall
chloroplast
Plant cells have 3 structures that animal cells do not
1. cell wall
a rigid structure that
surrounds the cell membrane
and provides support for the
cell
Plant cells have 3 structures that animal cells do not
2. Chloroplast – organelle where photosynthesis takes place
Chlorophyll – the green pigment inside the chloroplast that traps the sun’s energy for use in photosynthesis
1. (1pt) The _____is the cellular organelle
that converts food into a form of energy the cell can use. (core std. B 1.3)
a. nucleolus b. mitochondrion
c. ribosome d. chloroplast
Standards 8.5.2 & 8.5.3
Bert wants to paint his garage with two coats of a special preservative paint. The dimensions of his garage is given below. Each quart of paint will cover 8 square meters of area and costs 10.50 per quart.
2. (1pt) What is the area of Bert’s garage that will be painted?
3. (2pts) What is the minimum number of quarts of paint Bert will need?
4. (2pts) How much will it cost to paint Bert’s garage?
Area triangle = ½ b h A = w x l
BACTERIA A DIVIDES EVERY 15 MINUTES. BACTERIA
B DIVIDES AT A FASTER RATE.AT THE END OF ONE HOUR THERE ARE 75% MORE
BACTERIA B THAN BACTERIA A. HOW MANY BACTERIUM B ARE THERE? (7.NS.5 & 7.NS.8)
7.3.1 Explain that all living organisms are composed of one cell or multiple cells and that the many functions needed to sustain life are carried out within cells.
7.3.3 Explain that, although the way cells function is similar in all living organisms, multicellular organisms have specialized cells whose specialized functions are directly related to their structure.
7.3.2 Understand that water is a major component within all cells and is required to carry out many cellular functions.
Cell membrane – a phospholipid layer
that covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cells environment
PHOSPHOLIPID is a lipid that contains phosphorous and is a structural component of the cell membrane
LIPID a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water (fats and steroids)
Fats store energy
Phospholipid – a lipid made of a phosphate
group and 2 fatty acids
Lipid bilayer – basic structure of membrane composed of 2 layers of phospholipids
polar – attracted to water
nonpolar – repelled by water
The arrangement of the phospholipids in the lipid bilayer makes the cell membrane selectively permeable
DIFFUSION movement of high concentration to low `concentration Allows materials to move in and out of cell http://www.biosci.ohiou.edu/introbioslab/Bios170/diffusion/Diffusion.html
Untitled DocumentOSMOSIS diffusion of waterImportant because cells are mostly water (down concentration gradient)
Water will move from high concentration of WATER to low concentration of WATER. Put a cell in pure water- water will move into the cell causing it to swell
During passive transport (facilitated diffusion) particles
are moved across the cell membrane through ion channels
Carrier protein – binds to a molecule allowing molecules (sugars) to pass
1. (1pt) A bacterium that lost its flagella would be unable to ___. (7.3.1)
a. move
b. divide
c. make proteins
d. maintain its shape
Standards 8.5.2 & 8.5.3
Bert wants to paint his garage with two coats of a special preservative paint. The dimensions of his garage is given below. Each quart of paint will cover 5 square meters of area and costs 9.50 per quart.
2. (1pt) What is the area of Bert’s garage that will be painted?
3. (1pt) What is the minimum number of quarts of paint Bert will need?
4. (1pt) How much will it cost to paint Bert’s garage?
Area triangle = ½ b h A = w x l
BACTERIA A DIVIDES EVERY 10 MINUTES. BACTERIA
B DIVIDES AT A SLOWER RATE.AT THE END OF ONE HOUR THERE ARE 50% LESS
BACTERIA B THAN BACTERIA A. 5. (1PT) HOW MANY BACTERIUM B ARE THERE? (7.NS.5 & 7.NS.8)
7.3.1 Explain that all living organisms are composed of one cell or multiple cells and that the many functions needed to sustain life are carried out within cells.
7.3.3 Explain that, although the way cells function is similar in all living organisms, multicellular organisms have specialized cells whose specialized functions are directly related to their structure.
7.3.7 Describe how various organs and
tissues serve the needs of cells for nutrient and oxygen delivery and waste removal.
process in which cell membrane surrounds
and encloses large particle to bring into cell
ENDOCYTOSIS continued
Endocytosis and Exocytosis
the process by which a cell releases a large particle by enclosing it in a vesicle
EXOCYTOSIS continued
Exocytosis and Endocytosis
Sodium-potassium pump is one of the most important
active transport systems in cell. Sodium pumped out of cell against gradient potassium pumped into cell against gradient cells use to keep potassium in cell and get rid of sodium
PASSIVE AND ACTIVE TRANSPORTAnimations javascript:changePages('dif_mov.htm','dif_text1.htm');
the movement of materials across the movement of materials across
cell membrane without using cell membrane that uses energy energy (ATP)Concepts in Biochemistry - Interactive Animations
Receptor proteins in the cell membrane
bind to signal molecules in the blood stream which allows the cell to respond to signals from other cells in the body
Cilia or flagella – hair like structures that allow one
celled Protista (protists) to move
Protists – are eukaryotes that are not plant, animal or fungi
1. (1pt) I am the barrier between the
inside and the outside of the cell.
I allow food, oxygen, and
other needed materials
to enter the cell. I am
a part of animal and
plant cells. What am I?
(core Biology B 1.2)
a. cell membrane b. cell wall
c. cytoplasm d. lipid bilayer
Standards 8.5.2 & 8.5.3
Bert wants to paint his garage with two coats of a special preservative paint. The dimensions of his garage is given below. Each quart of paint will cover 6 square meters of area and costs 11.50 per quart.
2. (1pt) What is the area of Bert’s garage that will be painted?
3. (2pts) What is the minimum number of quarts of paint Bert will need?
4. (2pts) How much will it cost to paint Bert’s garage?
Area triangle = ½ b h A = w x l
BACTERIA A DIVIDES EVERY 10 MINUTES. BACTERIA
B DIVIDES AT A SLOWER RATE.AT THE END OF TWO HOURS THERE ARE 50% LESS
BACTERIA B THAN BACTERIA A. 5. (1PT) HOW MANY BACTERIUM B ARE THERE? (7.NS.5 & 7.NS.8)
6. (1PT) Which is true of scientific theories? ( std. 7.NS.1)
a. they are replaceable
b. the are unchangeable
c. they are unchallenged
d. they are guesses
7.3.6 Explain that after fertilization a small cluster of cells divides to form the basic tissues of an embryo and further develops into all the specialized tissues and organs within a multicellular organism.
GREGOR MENDEL the father of genetics
Mendel discovered the principles of heredity while studying pea plants
• mendel
HEREDITY
The passing of
genetic traits
from parent
to offspring
HEREDITY – passing traits from parent to offspring
↓GREGOR MENDEL – discovered principles of
heredity while studying pea plants
↓used pea plants because they were self-pollinating
↓SELF-POLLINATING – plants have both female and
male parts (can fertilize itself)
↓self-pollinating plant leads to true breeding plant
(purebred)
↓
TRUE BREEDING PLANT – one where all the offspring
have same characteristics as parent
↓CHARACTERISTIC – is a feature that has different
forms
↓ TRAITS – the different forms of a characteristic
↑ self-pollination
CROSS-POLLINATION
pollen from one
plant fertilizes
flower of another
plant
MENDEL’S first experiment (crossed true breeding plants
with different traits
)
Mendel's Peas http://www2.edc.org/weblabs/Mendel/MendelMenu.html
Mendel used true-breeding plants for seven characteristics
(in this case seed shape)
Mendel's Peas http://www2.edc.org/weblabs/Mendel/MendelMenu.html
Process called
Selective breeding
RATIO –is a relationship between two
numbers Continuum Javascript Ratio Calculator
Of the 7 characteristics Mendel studied there was a fixed ratio between the recessive and dominant trait in the 2nd generation
1. (1pt) Which of the following scientists discovered the principles of heredity by studying pea plants. (std. 8.3.3)
a. Charles Darwin
b. Louis Pasteur
c. Gregor Mendel
d. Marie Curie
e. Leroy Jenkins!!!!
Standards 8.5.2 & 8.5.3
Bert wants to paint his garage with two coats of a special preservative paint. The dimensions of his garage is given below. Each quart of paint will cover 6 square meters of area and costs 11.50 per quart.
2. (1pt) What is the area of Bert’s garage that will be painted?
3. (1pt) What is the minimum number of quarts of paint Bert will need?
4. (1pt) How much will it cost to paint Bert’s garage?
Area triangle = ½ b h A = w x l
BACTERIA A DIVIDES EVERY 30 MINUTES. BACTERIA
B DIVIDES AT A FASTER RATE.AT THE END OF THREE HOURS THERE ARE 50% MORE
BACTERIA B THAN BACTERIA A. 5. (1PT) HOW MANY BACTERIA B ARE THERE? (7.NS.5 & 7.NS.8)
7.3.6 Explain that after fertilization a small cluster of cells divides to form the basic tissues of an embryo and further develops into all the specialized tissues and organs within a multicellular organism.
MENDEL’S first experiment (crossed true breeding plants
with different traits
)
Mendel's Peas http://www2.edc.org/weblabs/Mendel/MendelMenu.html
Mendel used true-breeding plants for seven characteristics
(in this case seed shape)
Mendel's Peas http://www2.edc.org/weblabs/Mendel/MendelMenu.html
Process called
Selective breeding
RATIO –is a relationship between two
numbers Continuum Javascript Ratio Calculator
Of the 7 characteristics Mendel studied there was a fixed ratio between the recessive and dominant trait in the 2nd generation
1st experimentMendel crossed true-breedingpurple flower with true-breedingwhite flower
This cross called
First generation plants
All first generation plants had
purple flowers. White flowers
disappeared in 1st generation
The trait that appeared in the 1st
generation was DOMINANT
The trait that disappeared in 1st
generation was RECESSIVE
Mendel used true-breeding plants for seven characteristics
(in this case seed shape)
Mendel's Peas http://www2.edc.org/weblabs/Mendel/MendelMenu.html
Process called
Selective breeding
A dominant trait (alleles) always shows up in the
organism when that trait (alleles) is present
A recessive trait (allele) is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present
Identify and describe the difference between inherited traits and the physical and behavioral traits that are acquired or learned.
Giant Redwoods
Acquired traits manners hair style language scarsInherited traits eye color hair color blood type dimples Liger