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SAP FICO Step by Step Configuration
SAP ECC 6.0
Published By BlessPro
Visit us at http://www.BlessPro.com/
Copyright2009@blesspro
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic or
mechanical including photocopying, recording or any information storage and
retrieval system without permission in writing from BlessPro.
SAP stand for Systems, Application and Products in Data Processing. SAP was founded by five German
engineers in 1972. Today, SAP is the world’s largest Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP ) software
company . SAP is an integrated system. SAP ERP Central Component(ECC) is the heart of the system.
SAP R/3 is the client server version of the software. The “3” in R/3 stands for the three-tiered
client server architecture
R/3 Architecture: R/3 stands for real time three tier architecture. R/3 means three layers are
installed in Different system/server and they are connected with each other.
1) Presentation , 2) Application , 3) Database
b.SAP GUI
Menu Bar:
Standard toolbar: The icons in the standard toolbar are available on all SAP R/3 screens. Title Bar: To Display title of particular Screens. Application toolbar shows you which functions are available in the current application. Command field: You can use the command field to go to applications directly by entering the Transaction code or Tcode
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Status bar: The status bar displays information on the current system status, for example, warningsor
Accountancy is the art of communicating financial information about a business entity to users such as
shareholders and managers. The communication is generally in the form of Financial Statements that
show in money terms.
Accounting is defined by The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants(AICPA) as
“The art of recording , classifying and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of
money , transactions and events which are , in part at least, of financial character, and
interpreting the result thereof”
Accounts are categorized in to
1.Nominal account, 2.Real account and 3.Personal account. 1.Nominal a/c - accounts of expense or losses and incomes and gains. Rule : Debit expense or losses, Credit incomes and gains
Fiscal Year: Usually a period of twelve months for which a company regularly creates financial
statements and checks inventories. To assign business transactions to different periods, you have to
define a fiscal year with posting periods. Fiscal Year Variant: Fiscal Year variant defines the number of posting periods and special periods.
FYV also defines Year dependent or Calander Year.
Special Periods:Special posting periods that subdivide the last regular posting period for closing
operations. Irrespective of how you have defined your fiscal year, you can also use special periods.
Special periods subdivide the year-end closing period. They therefore merely divide the last posting
period into several closing periods. This enables you to create several supplementary financial
statements.If you do not need 12 posting periods, you can use the posting periods that are not required
as special periods.
A fiscal year is divided into posting periods. Each posting period is defined by a start and a finish date. Before you can post documents, you must define posting periods, which in turn define the fiscal year. Opening and closong Posting periods You define posting periods in your fiscal year variants. You can open and close these posting periods for posting. Bpro FiscalYear is Jan –Dec (colander Year), having 12 Posting period(12 months) and 4 special periods
3.1. Maintain Fiscal Year Variant (/nOB29)
IMG:Financial Accounting>Financial accounting global setting>Fiscal year> Maintain Fiscal Year
Variant
We are going to use K4 which is SAP Provided one, so no configuration is required.
Next Assign K4 to company code bpro
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3.2. Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year variant (/nOB37) IMG:Financial Accounting-Financial accounting global setting-Fiscal year-Assign
a. Click at the bottom of the screen
b. Company BPRO and Click
c. Type k4
d. Save, Press Enter repeatedly if Warning message appears.
e. Exit
Next Define Posting Period Varient: company code BPRO has 12 posting period from Jan to Dec
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5.General Ledger Accounting Configuration
2.Chart of Accounts: This is a list of G/L accounts used by one or several company codes. For
each G/L account, the chart of accounts contains the account number, account name, and the
information that controls how an account functions and how a G/L account is created in a
company code.You can use the same chart of accounts for all company codes.If the company
codes all have the same requirements for the chart of accounts set up, assign all of the individual
company codes to the same chart of accounts. This could be the case if all company codes are in
the same country.In addition to the operating chart of accounts, you can use two additional charts
of accounts.If the individual company codes need different charts of accounts, you can assign up
to two charts of accounts in addition to the operating chart of accounts. This could be the case if
company codes lie in multiple countries. The use of different charts of accounts has no effect on
the balance sheet and profit and loss statement. When creating the balance sheet or the profit and
loss statement, you can choose whether to balance the company codes which use different charts
of accounts together or separately.
Charts of accounts can have three different functions in the system:
1. Operating chart of accounts:The operating chart of accounts contains the G/L accounts
that you use for posting in your company code during daily activities. Financial
Accounting and Controlling both use this chart of accounts.You have to assign an
operating chart of accounts to a company code.
2. Group chart of accounts:The group chart of accounts contains the G/L accounts that are
used by the entire corporate group. This allows the company to provide reports for the
entire corporate group.The assigning of an corporate group chart of accounts to a
company code is optional.
3. Country-specific chart of accounts:The country-specific chart of accounts contains the
G/L accounts needed to meet the country's legal requirements. This allows you to provide
statements for the country's legal requirements.The assigning of an country-specific chart
of accounts to a company code is optional.
The operating chart of accounts is shared by Financial Accounting as well as Controlling.
The accounts in a chart of accounts can be both expense or revenue accounts in Financial
Accounting and cost or revenue elements in cost/revenue accounting.
Chart of accounts segment : The chart of accounts contains basic information about the
accounts. The information for an account is summarized in a chart of accounts segment. It
contains: . Account number,. Name of the account (as short and as long text),. Control fields,.
Consolidation fields.
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6. Accounts Receivables(Customer Accounts)
1.Customer Accounts:Just like general ledger accounts, customer and vendor accounts also
have two segments: One segment at client level, that contains general data. This data can be
accessed throughout the whole organization. A segment at company code level, that contains
company code-specific data. Any company code that wishes to do business with a specific
customer or vendor has to create a company code segment for this customer or vendor. This also
creates a customer or vendor account.
Because the sales and distribution department also stays in contact with a customer and
has to know specific data about this customer, a .sales area segment can be created for
each customer. Any sales area that wants to do business with a customer has to create a
sales area segment first. The sales area segment contains sales area-specific data. A
complete customer account consists of the following three segments: . General data at
the client level, Company code segment,Sales area segment. The account number is
assigned to the customer at the client level. This ensures that the account number for a
customer is the same for all company codes and sales areas.
Account Groups for Customers/Vendors: The number ranges of the accounts,The ststus of the
fields in the master record,If the a/c is a one time customer or vendor.
1.1 Define Account Group with Customer: [OBD2] Img > Financial Accounting> Accounts Receivable and Accounts payable > Customer Accounts
> Master Data > Preparations for Creating Customer Master Data > Define Accounts Group with