䠄䠍䠅㟼㟁ẼᏛ䛸㟁ẼᏛ䠖 ㏻ㄝ䛿㟼㟁ẼᏛ䛸㟁ẼᏛ䜢ΰ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠛 䠄䠎䠅㟁ẼᏛ䛾ἲ䠖䜸䞊䝮䛾ἲ 䠄䠏䠅ᮎᲈ⚄⤒䛾㟁Ẽ䛸ά㟁䛾Ⓨ⏕ᶵᗎ䚸䝟䝷䝗䝑䜽䝇䛛䠛 䠄䠐䠅⯆ዧᛶ䝅䝘䝥䝇ᚋ㟁䠄EPSP䠅䛸⤊ᯈ㟁䠄EPP䠅䛾Ⓨ⏕ᶵᗎ 䠄䠑䠅⬻⓶㉁㗹య⣽⬊䛻䛚䛡䜛㟁ὶᴟᏊ䛾Ⓨ⏕ᶵᗎ ᖹᡂ䠎䠒ᖺ㻟᭶㻝᪥ 㸸⚄ᡞᕷ❧་⒪ࢭࢱ୰ኸᕷẸ㝔 ኳ⌮䜘䜝䛵┦ㄯᡤ㝔ⓑᕝศ㝔 ᶫᮏಟ 㸺➨㸱ᅇ᪥ᮏ⚄⤒⏕⌮ᰝ◊✲㏆␥ᨭ㒊◊ಟ2014㸼 䡚 ᮎᲈ⚄⤒㟁Ẽ䛸ά㟁Ⓨ⏕ 䜢ᕠ䜛䝟䝷䝗䝑䜽䝇 䡚 1 ⣽⬊ෆ㟁グ㘓 䛾⩦ 2 䛧䛝䛔 䠄㜈䠅 ά㟁 䠇50 mV ⬺ศᴟ (EPSP) 䠄⣽⬊እ䛻ᑐ䛧䚸⣽⬊ෆ㝜ᛶ 䛾㟁䛷䛒䜛䠅 㐣ศᴟ (IPSP) ⣽⬊ෆグ㘓䛷䛿䠈 㝧ᛶ㟁䛿䛝 䛷⾲♧䛥䜜䜛䚹 㟼Ṇ⭷㟁 -100 mV -50 mV 0 mV ⬺ศᴟ ⣽⬊ෆグ㘓 䞊 䞊 䞊 3 㟼㟁ẼᏛ 䠍䠊㟁Ⲵ䛜ศ㞳䛩䜛䛝䛿䛒䜛䛜䚸㟁ὶ䛜ὶ䜜䜛 㛢ᅇ㊰䛿Ꮡᅾ䛧䛺䛔䚹 䠎䠊ᖏ㟁⌧㇟䛜㉳䛣䜛䚹 4
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EPSP EPP
20141 2
50 mV
(EPSP)(IPSP)
-100 mV
-50 mV
0 mV
3 4
Na Na
. pp18-27, ,2013
5
A B
B . pp18-27, , 2013A
6
+
B A
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
. pp18-27, , 2013
7
B A
B A
+
+ +
+ +
+
+
100 20
. pp18-27, , 2013
-50 mV +50 mV
8
B A
B A
+
+ +
+ +
+
+
9
V IR
10
e- e- e-
+ + + e-e-
A B C
e- e- e-
+ + +
A B C
+
+
+
11
e- e- e-
+ + ++
e-e-
A B C
e- +A) B) C)
A C
V=IR
+12
0 V
13 14
. , 2013
15
., 2013
16
., 2013
17 (2) (1)
- IR
A
B
I
A
A 1 A 2
B 2B 1
B
I
I
R R
0 mV
- IR
0 mV
18
. pp18-27, , 2013
19
.pp18-27, , 2013
20
21 22
EK
Outside
Inside
RK
Outside
Inside
RNa
ENa
123 24
A 1
C 2B 1
B 2
A 2
C 1
. pp18-27, , 2013
IR drop
25 A
B A
B D
A
(1)
(2)
A 0
B 0
(1) A B
(2) A B AB
A BB A
26
A
B
A
B
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
. pp18-27, , 2013
27
A
B
(1) (2) A
B -10 V +10 V
10 V 10 V
0 V
(E = -10 V) (E = +10 V)
(E)
0 V
28
(2) (3) A
B
A
B
(1b) A
B
(1a)
A
B
V IR
IR drop
. pp18-27, , 2013
29
. pp18-27, , 2013
30
(2) (3) (1b) (1a)
A
B
70 mVC
A
B
70 mVC
A
B
70 mVC
A
B
70 mVC
-70 mV -70 mV-90 mV -50 mV
. pp18-27, , 2013
31
- 70 mV- 70 mV
0 mV 0 mV
- 70 mV
0 mV
(1a)
A
B
70 mVC
- 90 mV
(1b)
A
B
70 mV
C
- 50 mV
(2)
A
B
70 mV
C
- 70 mV
32
33 34
I
I
35
Outside
Inside
36
Outside
Inside Na+ ++
37
Na+ ++
Na+
+++ +
+
++
1 2 3 4
1 2 3
4
4
38
. pp18-27, , 2013
39
I
I
40
Katz B 1970
41
A
B
I
+ 50 mV
D
- 10 mV
+ 40 mV
Outside
Inside
RNa
E Na
0 mV
42
EK
Outside
Inside
RK
Outside
Inside
RNa
ENaRK RNa
43 44
A
B
+10 V-10 V
R 2 R 1
AB
45
A
B
B 2
A 1
B 1
A 2
C 1
A 0
B 0
+10 V-10 V
R 1
+10 V
46
A
B
R 1
VB-A +10 V
-10 V +10 V
B 1
C 1
A 1
B 2
A 2
+ 20 VB 1 C 1VR1
47
VB-A -10 V
A
B
R 2
-10 V+10 V
B 2
C 2
- 20 VB 2 C 2VR2
48
B
B 1 B 2
A
+10 V-10 V
R 2 R 1
R1 R2
R1 R2 0 V
R1 R2
B-A
B-A
C 1 C 2
A 1 A 2
IR 2
IR 1
49
.pp18-27, , 2013
50
PK : PNa : PCl = 1 : 0.04 RK : RNa : RCl = 1 : 25 : 2.2
PK : PNa : PCl = 1 : 20 RK : RNa : RCl = 1 : 0.05 : 2.2
ENa :
EK :
ECl :
Hodgkin AL, Huxley AF: A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve. J Physiol, 117: 500-544, 1952.
51
RK : RNa : RCl = 1 : 25 : 2.2
RK = 0
52
RK : RNa : RCl = 1 : 25 : 2.2
EK
Outside
Inside
+
RK
53
A
B B
A
54
RK : RNa : RCl = 1 : 0.05 : 2.2
RNa = 0
55
RK : RNa : RCl = 1 : 0.05 : 2.2
Outside
Inside
+ENa
RNa
56
57
EK
Outside
Inside
RK
Outside
Inside
RNa
ENaRK RNa
4
58
EK
Outside
Inside
RK
Outside
Inside
RNa
ENaRK RNa
59
EK
Outside
Inside
RK
Outside
Inside
RNa
ENa
60
RK
A) B)
R K R Na R K R Na
61
RK
EK EK
RK RK
Outside
Outside
Inside
Inside
R K R NaR K R Na
62
EK EK
RK RK
Outside
Inside
A) B)
63
RK
EKENa
RK RNa
Outside
Outside
Inside
Inside
R K R NaR K R Na
64
Outside
Inside
A) B)
B
A B
ENa
R Na
EK
RKK + Na +
65
RK : RNa : RCl = 1 : 0.05 : 2.2
Outside
Inside
+ENa
RNa
66
B A)
EK
RK
Outside
Inside
B)A)
ENa
R Na
67
Outside
Inside
ENa
R Na
EK
RK
1 2
V = IR
68
Outside
Inside
69
A
B
I
+ 50 mV
D
-10 mV
+ 40 mV
Outside
Inside
RNa
E Na
RNa
-10 mV
70
I
I
71
A
B
I
-70 mV D
-20 mV
-90 mV
RK
C
D
I
-70 mV D
+ 20 mV
-50 mV
Outside
Inside
RK
EKEK
Outside
Inside
72
Inside
A) B)
zero-current potential = Goldman
R Na
ENa ENa
R Na
+ 50 mV + 50 mV
+ 50 mV+ 50 mV
73
EPSP EPP
74
EPSP
EPP
75
.pp18-27, , 2013
76
Kandal ER, Siegelbaum SA: Signaling at the nerve-muscle synapse: Directly gated transmission. In Principles of neural science, 4th de, ed by Kandel ER, Schwartz JH and Jessell TM, pp207-228, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2000
Kandal ER, Siegelbaum SA: Signaling at the nerve-muscle synapse: Directly gated transmission. In Principles of neural science, 4th de, ed by Kandel ER, Schwartz JH and Jessell TM, pp187-206, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2000
77
A
B
+50 mV-100 mV
R 2 R 1
R1 R2 VB-A -25 mV
R1 R2 2 : 1 VB-A 0 mV
78
-70 mV
79
-70 mV
-70 mV -20 mV
-70 mV -70 mV
-70 mV -20 mV 50 mV
0 mV 0 mV
-70 mV
0 mV
MM
-20 mV
Outside
80
-70 mV
-70 mV -20 mV
-70 mV -70 mV
-70 mV -50 mV 20 mV
0 mV 0 mV +10 mV
-40 mV
-60 mV
-70 mV
0 mV
MM
Outside
81
Kandal ER, Siegelbaum SA: Signaling at the nerve-muscle synapse: Signaling at the nerve-muscle synapse: directly gated transmission. In Principles of neural science, 3rd ed, ed by Kandel ER, Schwartz JH and Jessell TM, pp 135-152, Prentice-Hall International, London, 1991.
82
EPSP EPP0 mV EPSP EPP
EPSP/EPP
Outside
Inside Inside
EPSP EPP
Outside
-20 mV-10 mV
+50 mV
83
50 mV
(EPSP)(IPSP)
-100 mV
-50 mV
0 mV
EPSP
84
85
86
active sink
passive source
87V
0 mV
88
0 mV
B C D
- 70 mV
EPSP1 EPSP2
B C
D
- 70 mV
A 1
A 1 A 2
A 2
A 1
89
B C
D
A2
A1 - 70 mV
0 mV
-50 mV
-100 mV
EPSP1
0 mV
-50 mV
-100 mV
EPSP2
90
91
92
93
EPSP EPP 0 mVEPSP EPP
Outside
Inside Inside
EPSP EPP
Outside
-10 mV
+50 mV
-20 mV
94
95
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