7/2/2015Dixon High School Fire Department1 The Recruit will also practice and master certain skills and will be tested on these skills. At the end of each.

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The Recruit will also practice and master certain skills and will be tested on these skills. At the end of each subject there will be a quiz over the material that was taught. The firefighter is responsible for studying the material and practicing the skills.

Introduction

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Ventilation

References

IFSTA Essentials of Fire Fighting Fifth Edition

IFSTA Essentials of Fire Fighting Fifth Edition Fire Fighter I & II Presentations

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Ventilation

The systematic removal and replacement of heated air, smoke, and gasses from a structure with cooler air.

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Ventilation

From the earliest time, man has recognized that heated air, gases, and smoke rise.

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Ventilation

Types of Ventilation• Vertical ventilation• Horizontal Ventilation• Forced Ventilation

– Mechanical Positive-Pressure– Mechanical Negative-Pressure– Hydraulic

• Built-In Ventilation Systems

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Ventilation

Advantages an effects of ventilation.

• Rescue Operations

• Fire Attack

• Property Conservation

• Fire Spread

• Reduction of Flashover Potential

• Reduction of Backdraft Potential

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Ventilation

• Saving Lives– Aiding rescue operations– Reducing Flashover Potential– Reducing Backdraft Potential

• Suppressing Fire– aiding attack and extinguishment– Controlling fire spread

• Reducing Damage– Enabling property conservation

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Ventilation

Effects

• Defiantly visibility

• Cooler Air

• Fresh Air

• Control of the Fire

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Ventilation

Dangers

&

Precautions

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Ventilation

Backdraft

When sufficient heat is confined in an area, the temperature of combustible materials rise to their ignition points. These materials will not ignite. However, unless sufficient oxygen is available to support combustion. In this situation, a very dangerous condition exists because the admittance of an air supply is all that is needed to explosively change the superheated area into an instant inferno.

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Ventilation

The primary type of ventilation to prevent a backdraft is vertical ventilation.

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Ventilation

What life safety hazards are likely to be found in an unventilated burning structure in which smoke and gases have accumulated?

• Obscurity caused by dense smoke

• Presence of toxic gases

• Lack of oxygen

• Presence of flammable gases

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Ventilation

• Danger of Backdraft

• Danger of Flahover and Rollover

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Ventilation

What building factors aid the firefighter in determining whether to use horizontal or vertical ventilation?

• Building type and design

• Number and size of wall openings

• Number of stories

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Ventilation

• Number of staircases, shafts, dumbwaiters, ducts, roof openings

• Availability of exterior fire escape

• Exposure involvement.

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Ventilation

• Problems with windowless buildings.– Adversely affect fire fighting and ventilation

ops.– Ventilation may by delayed, allowing the fire to

gain headway or to create backdraft conditions.– Usually require mechanical ventilation for

smoke removal.– May be able to use mechanical ventilation and

built-in ventilation systems.

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Ventilation

That completes the self study portion of the class. Now you, the student, will watch the video Essentials of Firefighting Ventilation located in the 2nd top draw on the right side of the T.V. in the Dayroom. After the video come back to the computer and take the quiz.

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Ventilation

Quiz

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Quiz

1. The systematic removal and replacement of heated air, smoke, and gasses from a structure with cooler air is the definition of

A. Ventilation

B. Wind

C. Smoke column

D. None of the above

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Quiz

2. Which of the following is not a type of ventilation?

A. Vertical

B. Force

C. Built in

D. Geographical

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Quiz

3. The primary type of ventilation to prevent a backdraft is

A. Geographical

B. Natural

C. Vertical

D. None of the above

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Quiz

4. When performing Hydraulic Forced Ventilation how much of the window opening should be covered?

A. 25-30%

B. 85-90%

C. 100%

D. None of the above

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Quiz

5. When sufficient heat is confined in an area, the temperature of combustible materials rise to their ignition points. These materials will not ignite. However, unless sufficient oxygen is available to support combustion. In this situation, a very dangerous condition exists because the admittance of an air supply is all that is needed to explosively change the superheated area into an instant inferno is the definition of

A. Backdraft

B. Flashover

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Quiz

6. Which of the following is not an advantage of effective ventilation?

A. Reduce potential of Backdraft

B. Rescue operations

C. Make a pretty hole

D. None of the above

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Quiz

7. What size should the hole in roof at least be in vertical ventilation?

A. 4’x4’

B. 6’x6’

C. 10’x10’

D. None of the above

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Quiz

8. Puffing smoke, hot unbroken glass, and hot walls are signs of what?

A. Flashover

B. Backdraft

C. Curling iron was left on

D. None of the above

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Quiz

9. When looking at building factors for ventilation what should you look for?

A. Color of building

B. Location of out houses

C. Number of stories

D. None of the above

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Quiz

10. Using a electrical fan to suck smoke from a structure is called what?

A. Positive Pressure Ventilation

B. Sucking smoke ventilation

C. Fan Ventilation

D. None of the above