7.2 Nationalism at Center Stage. 5 mph 133 feet long 18 feet wide.

7.2 Nationalism at Center Stage

5 mph133 feet long18 feet wide

STEAMBOAT PILOT

When I was a boy, there was but one permanent ambition among my comrades in our village on

the west bank of the Mississippi River. That was, to be a steamboatman. We had transient

ambitions of other sorts, but they were only transient. When a circus came and went, it left us

all burning to become clowns; the first negro minstrel show that came to our section left us all suffering to try that kind of life; now and then we had a hope that if we lived and were good, God would permit us to be pirates. These ambitions

faded out, each in its turn; but the ambition to be a steamboatman always remained.

- Life on the Mississippi

Influence of Nationalism on the Nation’s Courts

Fulton and Livingston given charter from NY legislature river boat trade. They had exclusive rights to operate steamboats on NY’s river. - Monopoly•They granted license to others•Ogden got NY to NJ•Gibbons came along doing the same•Ogden sues Gibbons saying Gibbons is illegal•Gibbons vs. Ogden: o Supreme Court declares Ogden wrong – only federal gov’t regulate interstate trade (cell phones)o Again national over state•also favors competition over monopoly

Influence of Nationalism on the Nation’s Courts

McCulloch vs. Md•Md tried to run National Bank of US out of business by taxing it•J. Marshall and SC says states can’t tax only federal can (power to tax is power to destroy) even within their own state• If Marshall allowed this then states would be overturning laws passed by Congress•BUS is constitutional

Influence of Nationalism on the Nation’s Courts

Fletcher v Peck•Georgia law violated individuals’ rights to enter a contract

•Earlier Georgia state congress had granted an sweetheart of a real estate contract to “friends” regarding western lands. Those Congressmen took bribes in exchange for those frontier lands.

•This “Yazoo grant” infuriated voters (propertied white males) in Ga. Election and most of those particular state Congressmen not re-elected

•New state Congress men promptly took back that Yazoo land grant.

•Those real estate friends who had gotten land under the original Yazoo grant sued the state of Ga. Said you can’t take back our contract rights. A contract is a contract.

•J. Marshall said a contract was a contract and that included state contracts. The next legislature couldn’t take that contract away.

•States beholden to the Constitution and its laws too!

Dartmouth College v. Woodward

State of NH cannot revise the original charter of the college given in colonial times by the state itself.

Charter is a contract and Consitution does not allow states to interfer with contracts.

So consider: How did the SC’s rulings strenghthen the federal gov’ts control over the economy?

How did the SC limit the power of the states?

In what ways did the SC boost Federal power?

How

Influence of Nationalism on the Nation’s Courts

Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy

Nationalism - the belief that national concerns should be placed ahead of regional concersn or the interests of other countries

Under Monroe the Secretary of State John Quincy Adams secures:

1. establishes security of the nation2. expands the nation’s territory

Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy

Nationalism - the belief that national concerns should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries1.Rush Bagot Treaty 1817- reduces military ships of Grt Britain on the Grt Lakes

eventually border b/w 2 countries is demilitarized

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Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy

Nationalism - the belief that national concerns should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries2.Convention of 1818 - fixed the northern border of the US at 49th parallellater reaches compromose w/GB - joint occupation of Oregon for 10 years

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49th parallel

Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy

Nationalism - the belief that national concerns should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries3.Adams- Onis Treaty 1819 - Spain, too weak to protect New World interests, ceded Florida to USalso gives up any claim to Oregon

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Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy

4. Monroe Doctrine Sp and Portugal defeat Napoleaon in 1815.

Tried to regain LA territories. Russia - in Alaska 1784- begins to establish

trading posts in California territories US must do something! Russian incursion poses threat to US

profitable trade with China! Many Americans want Cuba and northern

Mexico

What will James Monroe do?

Monroe Doctrine warns all outside powers not to interfere w/

affairs in the Western Hemisphere do not try to estb colonies here do not try to overthrow newly created

independent republics in this hemisphere if you try to do this we will consider it

“dangerous to our peace and safety”

We promise to stay out of European affairs and they must promise not to interfere with existing status quo in Western Hemisphere

a.k.a. we will stay out of your backyard if you stay out of ours

Nationalism Pushes America West

• Settlers busy moving into NW Territory: Ohio - Indiana - Illinois - Wisconsin _ Michigan

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Nationalism Pushes America West

Why go west?

1. escape debts

2. escape the law

3. searching for economic gain (land is cheap!)

4. social gains; easy to change status/occupations

Nationalism Pushes America West

What is the legislation on becoming a state?

NW Ordinance of 1787

Nationalism Pushes America West

1819 Missiouri reaches pop. of 60,000 and applies for statehood

TROUBLE!

up until then had 10 free and 10 slave states

NOW WHAT?

Illinois admitted as free state

Alabama is admitted as slave state NOW WHAT!

Nationalism Pushes America West

1820 Missiouri’s status is critical to the balance of power b/t free and slave states (in Congress)...

there is talk of civil war (clue: real civil war begins 1860)

Henry Clay to the rescue with a compromise

Nationalism Pushes America West

Maine admitted free/ Missouri admitted slave

the rest of the Louisiana Territory was split into 2 spheres of interest (slave and free)

dividing line 36 - 30.

north of this is free

south of this is slave

7.2 Nationalism at Center Stage

Supreme Court Power

(Gibbons v Ogden, McCullouch v. Md, Fletcher v. Peck, DartmouthCollege v. Woodward )

Foreign Policy Under Adams and Monroe

(Rush Bagot, Adms-Onis, Monroe Doctrine)

Missouri Compromise

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